【摘要】：鑿巖臺車作為隧道鉆爆法施工的主導(dǎo)設(shè)備,在隧道施工中的作用越來越重要,特別是在復(fù)雜的地質(zhì)條件下,鑿巖臺車的鉆孔效率、成孔質(zhì)量直接決定隧道施工的質(zhì)量和工程進(jìn)度。隨著巖石硬度與鉆進(jìn)深度的不斷增加,鑿巖臺車鉆眼機具選配以及沖擊鑿巖時的鑿巖參數(shù)匹配是影響鉆進(jìn)效率的關(guān)鍵因素,而鑿巖參數(shù)的匹配與鉆頭破巖機理有著很密切的聯(lián)系,因此,對于鑿巖臺車鉆頭破巖機理的研究具有重要的理論意義和工程實用價值。本文首先簡要介紹了鑿巖臺車的結(jié)構(gòu)原理,詳細(xì)闡述了其核心機構(gòu)液壓鑿巖機的基本結(jié)構(gòu)與工作原理,在此基礎(chǔ)上,對鑿巖臺車鉆頭破巖過程中的核心機構(gòu)液壓鑿巖機的主要性能參數(shù)、測試方法以及性能參數(shù)的選擇進(jìn)行了重點分析,并且分析了鑿巖臺車施工鉆孔質(zhì)量的控制及要求;然后,根據(jù)巖石的物理力學(xué)特性,結(jié)合鑿巖臺車鉆眼機具的結(jié)構(gòu)特點,分析了鑿巖臺車鉆眼鉆進(jìn)過程以及鉆進(jìn)過程中所遇到的問題;最后,本文利用波動力學(xué)理論,對鉆頭破巖過程中的動力學(xué)進(jìn)行了分析,綜合巖石連續(xù)損傷本構(gòu)模型建立了鉆頭單次沖擊破碎巖石的有限元模型,運用ANSYS有限元軟件中的LY-DYNA模塊進(jìn)行了動力學(xué)仿真分析,通過仿真結(jié)果分析,了解了鉆頭破碎巖石的整個詳細(xì)過程,得到了鉆頭破碎巖石過程中的鉆頭鉆進(jìn)速度、深度與鑿巖反力的時程曲線,同時還針對不同性能鑿巖參數(shù)對鉆頭破巖參數(shù)的影響進(jìn)行了仿真分析,討論了不同性能鑿巖參數(shù)對于鉆頭破碎巖石的影響,得到了在不同性能鑿巖參數(shù)匹配作用下巖石的破碎機理。本文針對鑿巖臺車鉆頭破巖機理的研究為今后實際工程應(yīng)用中鑿巖臺車鑿巖鉆進(jìn)機具的合理選擇與參數(shù)匹配提供了理論指導(dǎo),同時也為鑿巖臺車的設(shè)計與改進(jìn)提供了一定的參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:As the leading equipment of tunnel drilling and blasting construction, drilling bench is playing a more and more important role in tunnel construction, especially in the complex geological conditions, the drilling efficiency of drilling abutment is more and more important. The quality of the hole directly determines the quality of the tunnel construction and the progress of the project. With the increasing of rock hardness and drilling depth, the selection of drilling tools and the matching of drilling parameters during impact drilling are the key factors affecting drilling efficiency. However, the matching of drilling parameters is closely related to the rock breaking mechanism of drill bit, so it is of great theoretical significance and practical value to study the rock breaking mechanism of drilling rig bit. In this paper, the structure principle of rock drilling platform is introduced briefly, and the basic structure and working principle of its core mechanism hydraulic rock drill are described in detail. The main performance parameters, test methods and selection of performance parameters of hydraulic rock drill, which is the core mechanism in the process of rock drill bit breaking, are analyzed emphatically, and the quality control and requirements of drilling hole in the construction of rock drilling platform are analyzed. According to the physical and mechanical characteristics of rock, combined with the structural characteristics of drilling rig, the drilling process of drilling rig and the problems encountered during drilling are analyzed. Finally, the theory of wave mechanics is used in this paper. The dynamics of rock breakage is analyzed. The finite element model of rock broken by single impact is established by synthesizing the constitutive model of rock continuous damage, and the dynamic simulation is carried out by using LY-DYNA module in ANSYS finite element software. Through the analysis of simulation results, the whole detailed process of rock breakage is understood, and the time history curves of bit drilling speed, depth and drilling reaction force are obtained. At the same time, the influence of different drilling parameters on the rock breaking parameters of bit is simulated and analyzed, and the influence of different drilling parameters on the broken rock of bit is discussed. The mechanism of rock fragmentation under the matching of drilling parameters with different performance is obtained. In this paper, the research on the rock breaking mechanism of drill bit of drilling rig provides theoretical guidance for the reasonable selection and parameter matching of drilling tools and parameters in practical engineering application in the future. At the same time, it also provides a certain reference for the design and improvement of rock drill.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U455.3

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