【摘要】：橋梁作為交通運(yùn)輸?shù)纳�在地震災(zāi)害中扮演了極其重要的角色,其抗震性能直接決定震區(qū)人員生命傷亡和經(jīng)濟(jì)財(cái)產(chǎn)損失。本文基于性能的設(shè)計(jì)理念和消能減震的抗震思想,主要研究了橋墩抗震變形、消能耗能、自復(fù)位等性能,并提出了一種嵌合式自復(fù)位消能橋墩節(jié)點(diǎn)的設(shè)計(jì)方法,通過數(shù)值計(jì)算、理論分析及軟件建模對其抗震性能進(jìn)行了研究,進(jìn)而對整個(gè)自復(fù)位橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)在地震中的損失進(jìn)行了經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估。本文主要研究內(nèi)容如下:(1)提出了嵌合式自復(fù)位消能橋墩的概念及構(gòu)件組成,即橋墩自身承重組件、預(yù)應(yīng)力筋自復(fù)位組件、阻尼器耗能組件、嵌合式接頭連接組件,并分析了多種阻尼器的類型、性能、滯回模型以便合理的選擇耗能組件。(2)基于傳統(tǒng)橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)形式提出了一種嵌合式自復(fù)位消能橋墩的節(jié)點(diǎn)設(shè)計(jì),并提出了嵌合式橋梁墩柱接頭具體的組裝方式和實(shí)施方案。通過理論分析闡述了嵌合式自復(fù)位消能橋墩的受力特征,如預(yù)應(yīng)力組件的約束力、橋墩的抗彎承載力、抗剪承載力等,并介紹了嵌合式自復(fù)位橋墩各個(gè)組件的設(shè)計(jì)方法。(3)基于SAP2000有限元分析軟件對嵌合式自復(fù)位橋墩進(jìn)行了靜力彈塑性分析和動力時(shí)程分析。其中,靜力彈塑性分析結(jié)果表明:增大預(yù)應(yīng)力筋的初始張拉力能夠改善橋梁墩柱的強(qiáng)度抗震性,合理增大預(yù)應(yīng)力筋剛度可有效控制橋梁墩柱柱頂?shù)淖畲笪灰?適當(dāng)增加阻尼器的屈服力可有效增加橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)的耗能能力。根據(jù)動力時(shí)程分析結(jié)果可知:自復(fù)位消能橋墩的殘余變形要遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)小于傳統(tǒng)延性橋墩,甚至可以完全避免,其抗震性能明顯優(yōu)于傳統(tǒng)橋墩。(4)提出了嵌合式自復(fù)位消能橋墩基于性能的截面設(shè)計(jì)步驟,以及附加粘滯阻尼器自復(fù)位橋墩基于位移的設(shè)計(jì)方法。闡述了自復(fù)位消能橋梁地震經(jīng)濟(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評估法的評估過程和具體步驟,并用PEER四重積分法結(jié)合工程實(shí)例對自復(fù)位橋梁和傳統(tǒng)橋梁進(jìn)行了地震經(jīng)濟(jì)損失評估,從而論證了嵌合式自復(fù)位消能橋梁具備良好的經(jīng)濟(jì)優(yōu)勢。
[Abstract]:Bridge, as the lifeline of transportation, plays an extremely important role in the earthquake disaster, and its seismic performance directly determines the casualties and economic property losses of people in the earthquake area. Based on the design concept of performance and the seismic idea of energy dissipation and seismic absorption, this paper mainly studies the seismic deformation, energy dissipation and self-reset of bridge pier, and puts forward a design method of chimeric self-reset energy dissipation pier node, which is calculated numerically. The seismic performance of the bridge is studied by theoretical analysis and software modeling, and the economic risk assessment of the loss of the whole self-reset bridge structure in the earthquake is carried out. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the concept and components of the chimeric self-reset energy dissipation pier are presented, which are the self-loading module of the pier, the self-reset assembly of the prestressed tendons, the energy dissipation module of the damper, the connection assembly of the chimeric joint. The types, performance and hysteretic model of various dampers are analyzed in order to select energy dissipation components reasonably. (2) based on the traditional bridge structure, a joint design of chimeric self-reset energy dissipation pier is proposed. The concrete assembly method and implementation scheme of the pier joint of the chimeric bridge are put forward. Through the theoretical analysis, the mechanical characteristics of the chimeric self-reset energy dissipation pier are expounded, such as the binding force of the prestressing component, the flexural bearing capacity of the pier, the shear bearing capacity, etc. The design method of each component of chimeric self-reset pier is introduced. (3) static elastic-plastic analysis and dynamic time-history analysis of chimeric self-reset pier are carried out based on SAP2000 finite element analysis software. The results of static elastic-plastic analysis show that increasing the initial tension of prestressed tendons can improve the strength and seismic resistance of bridge piers and columns, and reasonably increasing the stiffness of prestressed tendons can effectively control the maximum displacement of bridge piers and columns. Properly increasing the yield force of dampers can effectively increase the energy dissipation capacity of bridge structures. According to the results of dynamic time history analysis, the residual deformation of the self-reset energy dissipation pier is much smaller than that of the traditional ductile pier, and can even be completely avoided. The seismic performance of the bridge is obviously better than that of the traditional pier. (4) the performance-based cross-section design of the chimeric self-reset energy dissipation pier and the displacement-based design method of the self-reset pier with viscous dampers are proposed. This paper expounds the evaluation process and concrete steps of the seismic economic risk assessment method for the self-reset energy dissipation bridge, and evaluates the seismic economic loss of the self-reset bridge and the traditional bridge by using the PEER quadrature integration method combined with the engineering example. Therefore, it is proved that the chimeric self-reset energy dissipation bridge has good economic advantages.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U442.55

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