發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-27 19:02

【摘要】：在我國(guó)現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的快速發(fā)展下,公路總里程和車(chē)輛保養(yǎng)量日漸增大,道路交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)取得舉世矚目的成就。與此同時(shí),道路交通事故一直是我國(guó)安全生產(chǎn)事故的最大源頭,死亡人數(shù)占全國(guó)各類(lèi)安全生產(chǎn)事故總數(shù)的比例逐年增長(zhǎng)。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),我國(guó)2014年交通事故死亡人數(shù)為342萬(wàn)人,萬(wàn)車(chē)死亡率為2.22人。交通安全領(lǐng)域一直把車(chē)輛運(yùn)行速度作為主要研究方向,也取得一定成果,然而僅僅考慮速度這一單因素是遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠的。在線形不合理的彎道路段上,駕駛員傾向于選擇更“舒適”的路徑而導(dǎo)致出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的軌跡偏差,資料表明,車(chē)輛行駛軌跡與道路線形的吻合度不高會(huì)增加事故發(fā)生的概率,行駛軌跡的特性研究對(duì)于彎道路段交通事故的成因分析以及安全治理有重大意義。為了深入探討道路交通系統(tǒng)中各要素對(duì)行駛軌跡的影響機(jī)理,本文針對(duì)重慶地區(qū)若干低等級(jí)山區(qū)復(fù)雜公路,以試驗(yàn)研究為手段,以公路彎道路段行駛軌跡為研究對(duì)象,重點(diǎn)分析了不同道路線形條件和不同類(lèi)型駕駛員(駕駛行為模式)下的行駛軌跡特性及其變化規(guī)律;進(jìn)一步,對(duì)采集到的彎道路段軌跡數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行聚類(lèi)分析,分別定義每一類(lèi)駕駛行為模式并討論該類(lèi)駕駛?cè)说男袨閯?dòng)機(jī);最后,在此基礎(chǔ)上,提出并建立了基于行駛軌跡的低等級(jí)山區(qū)公路彎道路段駕駛行為譜系。本文設(shè)計(jì)了一種連續(xù)路段行駛軌跡數(shù)據(jù)采集試驗(yàn)方法,定義并使用軌跡側(cè)向偏移率的概念來(lái)反映車(chē)輛在行車(chē)道上的相對(duì)位置,可為后續(xù)的相關(guān)研究工作提供一定思路;論文中不同道路條件下的行駛軌跡特性研究發(fā)現(xiàn),彎道半徑、轉(zhuǎn)角、彎道長(zhǎng)度和行駛方向是影響行駛軌跡的重要因素,重點(diǎn)分析了行駛軌跡隨以上幾個(gè)參數(shù)的變化規(guī)律,其結(jié)果可為彎道路段線形改造、車(chē)速限速值制定、事故預(yù)測(cè)、交通安全設(shè)施設(shè)置和道路運(yùn)營(yíng)管理等提供有效依據(jù);在不同駕駛行為模式的研究中,提出了彎道路段行駛軌跡階段分析法,即將車(chē)輛彎道行駛過(guò)程分為幾個(gè)階段,分別討論每個(gè)階段的軌跡類(lèi)型;最后建立的駕駛行為譜系則可豐富駕駛行為研究領(lǐng)域的內(nèi)容,并可為駕駛員模型的完善提供一定參考。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modernization in China, the total mileage and vehicle maintenance are increasing day by day, and the road transportation industry has made remarkable achievements. At the same time, road traffic accidents have always been the biggest source of safety accidents in China, and the proportion of deaths in the total number of safety accidents in China has been increasing year by year. According to statistics, the death toll of traffic accidents in China in 2014 is 3.42 million, and the death rate of ten thousand vehicles is 2.22. In the field of traffic safety, vehicle speed has been regarded as the main research direction, and some achievements have been made. However, it is far from enough to consider the single factor of speed. In the unreasonable curve section, the driver tends to choose a more "comfortable" path, resulting in a serious trajectory deviation. The data show that the mismatch between the vehicle trajectory and the road alignment will increase the probability of accidents. The study of the characteristics of the traffic track is of great significance to the analysis of the cause of the traffic accident and the safety treatment of the bend road. In order to probe into the influence mechanism of every element in the road traffic system on the driving track, this paper aims at some complex highways in the low grade mountainous area in Chongqing area, takes the experimental study as the means, and takes the track of the road bend section as the research object. In this paper, the characteristics and variation of driving trajectory under different road alignment conditions and different drivers (driving behavior modes) are analyzed, and the collected curve track data are analyzed by cluster analysis. Each driving behavior model is defined and the driving motivation of this kind of driver is discussed. Finally, a driving behavior pedigree of low grade mountain road bends based on driving trajectory is proposed and established. In this paper, we design a method to collect and test the track data of continuous road, define and use the concept of trajectory lateral deviation rate to reflect the relative position of the vehicle on the carriageway, which can provide some ideas for the related research work in the future. In this paper, it is found that the radius, angle, length and direction of the curve are the important factors affecting the driving trajectory. The variation of the trajectory with the above parameters is analyzed emphatically. The results can provide an effective basis for the alignment modification of curved sections, the formulation of speed limits, the prediction of accidents, the setting of traffic safety facilities and the management of road operations, etc. In the study of different driving behavior patterns, In this paper, the phase analysis method of the curve track is proposed, which divides the vehicle curve driving process into several stages and discusses the trajectory types of each stage, and the driving behavior pedigree can enrich the research field of driving behavior. It can provide some reference for the improvement of driver model.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U491.25

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本文編號(hào)：2148848