本文選題：隧道工程 + 震害調(diào)查��； 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：隧道與地下結(jié)構(gòu)拓展了人類的活動范圍以及對三維空間的合理利用,逐漸成為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、科技進(jìn)步和現(xiàn)代文明的重要標(biāo)志。然而,頻繁發(fā)生的強(qiáng)烈地震與日新月異的隧道與地下結(jié)構(gòu)之間形成了諸多矛盾。合理而巧妙的解決這個(gè)矛盾是論文研究的主旨。本文綜合運(yùn)用現(xiàn)場調(diào)查、理論分析、數(shù)值計(jì)算和模型試驗(yàn)等研究方法,全方位分類與總結(jié)跨斷層隧道與地下結(jié)構(gòu)的震害現(xiàn)象,以震害機(jī)理和影響因素為基礎(chǔ),歸納震后修復(fù)措施的經(jīng)驗(yàn)研究抗減震措施。從隧道與地下結(jié)構(gòu)的平面抗減震層和三維減震縫出發(fā),建立基本的抗減震層效果計(jì)算模型和減震縫力學(xué)計(jì)算模型�；趥鹘y(tǒng)抗減震措施研發(fā)新型跨斷層抗減震措施,通過數(shù)值再現(xiàn)驗(yàn)證其合理性和先進(jìn)性,進(jìn)而開展跨斷層隧道結(jié)構(gòu)震害機(jī)理與控制措施的振動臺試驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證和總結(jié)以上研究。主要研究工作、結(jié)論和成果如下：(1)全面搜集世界范圍內(nèi)的隧道與地下結(jié)構(gòu)震害工程實(shí)例。按照震害概況、震害形態(tài)、震害分級、震害機(jī)理、影響因素和修復(fù)措施6個(gè)方面分類歸納。深入分析不同國家隧道與地下結(jié)構(gòu)震害的共性與個(gè)性以及研究學(xué)者的認(rèn)知傾向與科研方向。根據(jù)震害概況和震害形態(tài)參考震害分級分析震害機(jī)理與影響因素,指導(dǎo)數(shù)值計(jì)算和模型試驗(yàn)的實(shí)施,實(shí)現(xiàn)震害現(xiàn)象的數(shù)值再現(xiàn)與試驗(yàn)再現(xiàn),結(jié)合修復(fù)措施研究隧道結(jié)構(gòu)的抗減震措施。(2)隧道結(jié)構(gòu)橫向的抗減震措施以抗減震層為基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行拓展研究。將數(shù)值計(jì)算模型中影響抗減震層效果的因素分為幾何與材料參數(shù)兩類,并確定各參數(shù)的取值范圍。以設(shè)置和未設(shè)抗減震層工況下隧道橫斷面內(nèi)的彎矩極值之比的無量綱數(shù)評估抗減震層的作用效果,逐對研究各參數(shù)同該無量綱數(shù)的關(guān)系。最終建立抗減震層作用效果的計(jì)算模型。據(jù)此拓展研發(fā)作用效果與經(jīng)濟(jì)效益兼顧的新型抗減震措施,并通過數(shù)值計(jì)算驗(yàn)證。(3)隧道結(jié)構(gòu)縱向的抗減震措施以減震縫為基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行拓展研究�？紤]實(shí)際情況下減震縫中存在填充物或者采用柔性連接的可能,建立隧道與地下結(jié)構(gòu)減震縫的力學(xué)計(jì)算模型。根據(jù)該模型結(jié)合數(shù)值計(jì)算確定了單條減震縫沿縱向發(fā)揮極限作用時(shí)對應(yīng)的斷層極限寬度。提出根據(jù)斷層寬度設(shè)置減震縫數(shù)量的方法。引入減震層形成復(fù)合抗減震措施,提出將抗減震措施與斷層錯(cuò)位布置的設(shè)計(jì)新理念,抗減震效果得到了數(shù)值計(jì)算的驗(yàn)證。(4)基于以上研究開展隧道結(jié)構(gòu)震害機(jī)理與控制措施的地震模擬振動臺試驗(yàn)。研發(fā)出在單一振動臺上固定單體模型箱情況下實(shí)現(xiàn)地震動力驅(qū)動斷層錯(cuò)動的滑動裝置。以跨斷層的隧道模型不設(shè)置抗減震措施為參照,研究抗減震措施的效果。在隧道結(jié)構(gòu)橫斷面方向與沿軸線的縱向,全面評估實(shí)施抗減震措施的效果,建立隧道與圍巖模型損傷形態(tài)與破壞機(jī)理等的時(shí)程與空間演化規(guī)律,實(shí)現(xiàn)對理論分析和數(shù)值計(jì)算結(jié)果的充分驗(yàn)證。
[Abstract]:Tunnels and underground structures have expanded the scope of human activities and the rational use of three-dimensional space, gradually becoming an important symbol of economic development, scientific and technological progress and modern civilization. However, there are many contradictions between frequent strong earthquakes and changing tunnels and underground structures. A reasonable and ingenious solution to this contradiction is the gist of the thesis. In this paper, comprehensive application of field investigation, theoretical analysis, numerical calculation and model test is used to classify and summarize the earthquake damage phenomena of cross-fault tunnels and underground structures, based on earthquake damage mechanism and influencing factors. Summing up the experience of repairing measures after earthquake; Anti-shock mitigation measures. Based on the plane damping layer and three dimensional joint of the tunnel and underground structure, the basic model of the effect calculation and the mechanics model of the damping layer are established. Based on the traditional anti-seismic measures, a new type of anti-seismic measures for cross-fault is developed. The rationality and advanced nature of the measures are verified by numerical reappearance, and the shaking table tests of the mechanism and control measures of seismic damage of cross-fault tunnel structures are carried out, and the above studies are verified and summarized. The main research work, conclusions and results are as follows: 1) collecting the earthquake damage engineering examples of tunnels and underground structures all over the world. According to the general situation of earthquake damage, the form of earthquake damage, the classification of earthquake damage, the mechanism of earthquake damage, the influencing factors and repair measures are classified and summarized. The commonness and individuality of earthquake damage of tunnels and underground structures in different countries and the cognitive tendency and research direction of researchers are analyzed. According to the general situation of earthquake damage and the reference damage classification of earthquake damage form, the mechanism and influencing factors of earthquake damage are analyzed, the numerical calculation and the implementation of model test are guided to realize the numerical reappearance of earthquake damage phenomenon and the reappearance of test. Combined with repair measures to study the anti-seismic measures of tunnel structure. 2) the lateral anti-seismic measures of tunnel structure are developed based on the anti-seismic layer. In this paper, the factors affecting the effect of anti-seismic layer in the numerical calculation model are divided into two categories: geometry and material parameters, and the range of values of each parameter is determined. Based on the dimensionless number of the extreme value of bending moment in the cross-section of the tunnel under the condition of setting and not setting the anti-shock absorber layer, the effect of the anti-seismic layer is evaluated, and the relationship between the parameters and the dimensionless number is studied pair by pair. Finally, the calculation model of the effect of anti-seismic layer is established. Based on the research and development of the new anti-seismic measures, which take account of both the effect and the economic benefit, it is verified by numerical calculation that the longitudinal anti-seismic measures of the tunnel structure are developed on the basis of the damping joints. Considering the possibility of filling or flexible connection in the shock absorber joint, the mechanical calculation model of the joint between tunnel and underground structure is established. According to the model and numerical calculation, the fault limit width corresponding to the limit action of a single joint along the longitudinal direction is determined. The method of setting the number of damping joints according to the width of fault is put forward. A new design concept is put forward, which combines the anti-seismic measures with the misalignment of faults by introducing the composite anti-seismic measures into the damping layers. Based on the above research, the earthquake damage mechanism and control measures of tunnel structure are tested by seismic simulation shaking table test. A sliding device is developed to realize seismic dynamic fault dislocation under the condition of fixed single model box on a single shaking table. The effect of anti-seismic measures is studied by taking the tunnel model across faults without anti-seismic measures as the reference. In the longitudinal direction of cross section and along axis of tunnel structure, the effect of anti-seismic measures is comprehensively evaluated, and the time-history and spatial evolution laws of damage morphology and failure mechanism of tunnel and surrounding rock model are established. The results of theoretical analysis and numerical calculation are fully verified.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U452.28

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