發(fā)布時間：2018-04-29 22:22

  本文選題：瀝青路面 + 高海拔地區(qū)��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：云貴高原及其周邊地區(qū)為主的高海拔地區(qū),地處于我國西南部,具有冬季氣溫低、日溫差大、年溫差小、日照長、輻射強、干濕季分明、多大風等氣候特點。該區(qū)域的瀝青路面常出現(xiàn)過早老化、開裂等病害。由于高海拔地區(qū)半剛性瀝青路面反射開裂現(xiàn)象的普遍性與嚴重性,該路面類型在高海拔地區(qū)的適用性已經(jīng)受到人們的質疑。針對貴州高海拔地區(qū)高速公路的惡劣氣候條件、交通荷載特點和使用要求,從路面結構和路面材料兩方面系統(tǒng)開展高海拔地區(qū)瀝青路面行為特性與設計方法研究,以期從理論上和應用上提出合理的高海拔地區(qū)瀝青路面結構與材料設計方法,以彌補現(xiàn)行設計規(guī)范在高海拔地區(qū)應用中的不足。首先介紹了高海拔地區(qū)常規(guī)瀝青混合料室內試驗評價,以及性能優(yōu)良、適用于高海拔地區(qū)的納米改性瀝青及纖維瀝青混合料性能的試驗研究。結果表明:AC-13偏近中值并增加瀝青含量較為適合高寒地區(qū)環(huán)境,條件允許時可以進一步增加油石比,以滿足更高的水穩(wěn)定性,低溫抗裂性和抗疲勞性的標準;采用更高標號的瀝青可以顯著改善瀝青混合料的低溫抗裂性,瀝青面層厚度對開裂的影響不如路基和瀝青材料的影響顯著;摻入纖維后,混合料的性能有大幅度提升,其中聚酯纖維和福塔纖維表現(xiàn)明顯優(yōu)于木質素纖維。為進一步探討防水抗裂功能層這一新型瀝青混合料的路用性能,采用A-70瀝青和AC-5中值級配、AC-5下限級配(粗級配)以及AC-10中值級配,重點研究礦料級配對防水抗裂功能層的水穩(wěn)定性、低溫抗裂性等路用性能的影響,確定防水抗裂功能層適宜采用的級配類型。并通過漢堡車轍試驗評價級配與油石比對混合料水穩(wěn)定性能的影響。與Strata應力吸收層相比,AC-10瀝青混合料更適宜作為防水抗裂功能層。為了合理地檢測各種路面材料的抗裂縫能力,提出一種新型的模擬反射裂縫發(fā)生機制的試驗儀器(Overlay Tester試驗),希望以此試驗對各種材料的抗裂性及抗疲勞表現(xiàn)進行評價,并對現(xiàn)有的配合比設計方法提出改進。為兼顧瀝青混合料的高溫抗變形能力、水穩(wěn)定性能和低溫抗裂能力,提出直接依靠漢堡車轍試驗和Overlay tester試驗結果的瀝青混合料配合比設計流程。提出了兩種路面結構建議,即倒裝復合基層結構和防水抗裂功能層結構,采用數(shù)值模擬方法對這兩種路面結構力學行為進行了分析。結果表明:倒裝復合式基層結構在荷載作用下,面層底面出現(xiàn)拉應力,且隨著軸載的增大,面層底面的拉應力近似成線性遞增;級配碎石層底面始終處于受壓狀態(tài),基層底面拉應力明顯小于傳統(tǒng)的半剛性基層結構;設置防水抗裂功能層可以延緩裂縫的產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展有顯著作用;防水抗裂功能層對車轍的貢獻不大,路面不會因設置了防水抗裂層而產(chǎn)生比沒有設置時更大的車轍。最后,為了使設計的路面結構更合理、更可靠,先采用我國現(xiàn)行的瀝青路面設計規(guī)范對幾種不同的瀝青路面結構進行設計,然后采用預測軸載疲勞累計損傷方法(Miner法則)對上述路面結構進行驗證。結果顯示:厚瀝青層的半剛性基層路面結構中各結構層具有較小的疲勞損傷因子,從疲勞壽命的角度考慮,這種結構形式是最優(yōu)的。
[Abstract]:The high altitude areas of Yunnan Guizhou Plateau and its surrounding areas are located in the southwest of China, with low temperature in winter, large diurnal temperature difference, small annual temperature difference, long sunshine, strong radiation, clear dry and wet season, and large wind and other climatic characteristics. The asphalt pavement in this region often appears premature aging, cracking and other diseases. Due to the reflection of semi-rigid asphalt pavement in high altitude area The applicability of the pavement type in high altitude area has been questioned by people. In view of the harsh climate conditions, traffic load characteristics and use requirements of highways in high altitude areas of Guizhou, the behavior characteristics of asphalt pavement behavior in high altitude areas are carried out from two aspects of pavement structure and pavement material. The design method is studied in order to make a reasonable design method of asphalt pavement structure and material in high altitude area in order to make up the shortage of current design standard in high altitude area. First, it introduces the indoor test evaluation of conventional asphalt mixture in high altitude area, and its performance is excellent, which is suitable for high altitude area. Experimental study on the properties of nano modified asphalt and fiber bitumen mixture. The results show that the near middle value of AC-13 and the increase of asphalt content are more suitable for the environment in high and cold regions. When conditions permit, the oil stone ratio can be further increased to meet the standards of higher water stability, low temperature crack resistance and fatigue resistance; the higher marking asphalt can be displayed. In order to improve the crack resistance of asphalt mixture at low temperature, the effect of the thickness of the asphalt surface on the cracking is not as significant as that of the subgrade and the bituminous material. After adding the fiber, the performance of the mixture is greatly improved, and the performance of the polyester fiber and the foff fiber is obviously superior to the lignin fiber. The pavement performance of the mixture, using the A-70 asphalt and AC-5 middle value gradation, the AC-5 lower limit gradation (coarse gradation) and the value gradation of the AC-10, focuses on the study of the water stability of the waterproof and crack resistance functional layer and the influence of the low temperature crack resistance and other road properties, and determines the suitable type of gradation for the waterproof and crack resistance functional layer. Compared with the Strata stress absorption layer, AC-10 asphalt mixture is more suitable to be a waterproof and anti cracking function layer compared with the Strata stress absorption layer. In order to reasonably detect the anti crack ability of various pavement materials, a new type of test instrument (Overlay Tester test) for simulating the reflection crack initiation mechanism is proposed. To evaluate the anti cracking and anti fatigue performance of various materials, and to improve the existing mix design method. In order to take into account the high temperature resistance to deformability, water stability and low temperature crack resistance of asphalt mixture, the mixture of asphalt mixture, which is directly dependent on the hamburger rut test and the results of Overlay tester test, is put forward. Compared with the design process, two kinds of pavement structure suggestions are proposed, that is, the inverted composite base structure and the waterproof and anti cracking function layer structure. The numerical simulation method is used to analyze the mechanical behavior of the two kinds of pavement structures. The results show that the reverse loading composite base structure has tensile stress at the bottom surface of the surface under the load action, and with the increase of the axle load, the surface is increased. The tensile stress of the bottom surface is approximately linearly increasing, and the bottom surface of the graded crushed rock is always in the compression state. The tensile stress at the bottom of the base is obviously smaller than the traditional semi-rigid base structure, and the waterproof and anti cracking functional layer can delay the emergence and development of the cracks. The contribution of the waterproof and anti cracking energy layer to the rutting is not great and the pavement will not be set up. In order to make the design of the pavement structure more reasonable and more reliable, in order to make the design of the pavement more reasonable and more reliable, the design of several different asphalt pavement structures is first designed by the current asphalt pavement design standard of our country, and then the prediction of the cumulative damage method of axle load fatigue (Miner rule) is used for the above pavement structure. The results show that the structural layers in the semi-rigid base of the thick asphalt layer have smaller fatigue damage factors. Considering the fatigue life, this kind of structural form is the best.

【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U416.217
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本文編號：1821835