發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-27 07:02

  本文選題：港口國(guó)監(jiān)督　切入點(diǎn)：船旗國(guó)績(jī)效　出處：《大連海事大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：上世紀(jì)80年代以來(lái),船舶海上事故頻繁發(fā)生,嚴(yán)重危害了人命安全和海洋環(huán)境,引起了國(guó)際海事組織和港口國(guó)當(dāng)局的高度重視。為此,國(guó)際海事組織提出要認(rèn)真落實(shí)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)施的三重責(zé)任：國(guó)際海事組織負(fù)責(zé)制定標(biāo)準(zhǔn),船旗國(guó)負(fù)責(zé)實(shí)施標(biāo)準(zhǔn),港口國(guó)負(fù)責(zé)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)實(shí)施的監(jiān)督檢查,目的是將低標(biāo)準(zhǔn)船舶淘汰出航運(yùn)市場(chǎng)。港口國(guó)監(jiān)督被國(guó)際社會(huì)公認(rèn)為是消除低標(biāo)準(zhǔn)船舶、保障海上人命安全和保護(hù)海洋環(huán)境的有效手段。目前,大部分港口國(guó)監(jiān)督備忘錄組織都建立了船旗國(guó)績(jī)效表現(xiàn)評(píng)價(jià)體系,旨在督促船旗國(guó)有效履行國(guó)際公約,其中最有影響力的是巴黎備忘錄和東京備忘錄采用的船旗國(guó)“黑-灰-白”名單制度,該制度根據(jù)船旗國(guó)船隊(duì)近三年安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的不同,也就是船舶滯留率的不同,將船旗國(guó)劃分為“黑-灰-白”名單。本文介紹了船旗國(guó)責(zé)任、船旗國(guó)履約、船旗國(guó)績(jī)效表現(xiàn)和港口國(guó)監(jiān)督的相關(guān)概念,以及國(guó)際上主要的區(qū)域備忘錄組織和國(guó)家的港口國(guó)監(jiān)督檢查機(jī)制現(xiàn)狀,分析了船旗國(guó)“黑-灰-白”名單制度存在的弊端：缺少其他區(qū)域備忘錄組織的歷史檢查數(shù)據(jù)、僅適用于具有大樣本檢查數(shù)據(jù)的船旗國(guó)、缺少海上交通事故要素的負(fù)面影響。鑒于上述弊端,本文提出了改進(jìn)港口國(guó)監(jiān)督檢查機(jī)制中船旗國(guó)績(jī)效表現(xiàn)評(píng)價(jià)的方法。第一,整合各區(qū)域備忘錄組織的港口國(guó)監(jiān)督檢查數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)船旗國(guó)績(jī)效表現(xiàn)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),協(xié)調(diào)各區(qū)域備忘錄組織標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的統(tǒng)一；第二,采用基于貝葉斯平均算法,改進(jìn)現(xiàn)有的船旗國(guó)“黑-灰-白”名單制度,解決現(xiàn)有評(píng)價(jià)方法僅適用于大樣本檢查數(shù)據(jù)的問(wèn)題；第三,提出在現(xiàn)有的船旗國(guó)績(jī)效表現(xiàn)評(píng)價(jià)方法中,增加海上交通事故要素的負(fù)面影響。論文的最后,結(jié)合我國(guó)的履約現(xiàn)狀,提出我國(guó)提升船旗國(guó)績(jī)效表現(xiàn)的若干建議。
[Abstract]:Since the 1980s, ship accidents at sea have occurred frequently, seriously endangering the safety of human life and the marine environment, which has aroused the great attention of the International Maritime Organization and port state authorities. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has proposed a triple responsibility for the implementation of the standards: the International Maritime Organization (IMO) is responsible for the formulation of standards, the flag States are responsible for the implementation of the standards, and the port States are responsible for the supervision and inspection of the implementation of the standards. The aim is to eliminate low-standard ships from the shipping market. Port State Control is recognized by the international community as an effective means of eliminating low-standard ships, guaranteeing the safety of life at sea and protecting the marine environment. Most port State Control Memorandum organizations have established flag State performance evaluation systems aimed at promoting the effective implementation of international conventions by flag States. The most influential of these is the black-gray white-list system of flag States used in the Paris and Tokyo memorandums, which vary according to the security risks of flag State fleets in the last three years, that is, ship retention rates, This paper introduces the concepts of flag State responsibility, flag State performance, flag State performance and port State control. As well as the current situation of major international regional memorandum organizations and national port State control and inspection mechanisms, the shortcomings of the "black-gray" list system of flag States are analyzed: the lack of historical inspection data from other regional memorandums, It is only applicable to flag States with large samples of inspection data and lacks the negative impact of maritime traffic accident elements. In view of the above disadvantages, this paper proposes a method to improve the performance evaluation of flag States in the port State control and inspection mechanism. Integrating port State control inspection data of regional memorandums of understanding, evaluating flag State performance and harmonizing the standards of the regional memorandums; secondly, adopting Bayesian averaging algorithm, To improve the existing "black-gray" list system of flag States and to solve the problem that the existing evaluation methods are only applicable to large samples of inspection data; third, it is proposed that, among the existing methods for evaluating flag State performance, At the end of this paper, some suggestions are put forward to improve the performance of flag state.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U691.6

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前5條

1 莊則平,吳兆麟;船舶安全檢查處理決策的定量評(píng)價(jià)[J];大連海事大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2002年01期

2 周馳;;港口國(guó)監(jiān)督檢查選船如何避免產(chǎn)生“馬太效應(yīng)”[J];中國(guó)海事;2008年07期

3 丁振國(guó);李閃;黃錦鵬;;構(gòu)建政校企三方互動(dòng)PSC保障機(jī)制的思考[J];航海技術(shù);2013年05期

4 謝大明;;《歐盟港口國(guó)控制法令》應(yīng)對(duì)措施[J];水運(yùn)管理;2010年09期

5 楊培舉;中國(guó)傾力打造“21世紀(jì)質(zhì)量船舶”[J];中國(guó)船檢;2004年08期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 陳向良;港口國(guó)監(jiān)督效率與質(zhì)量控制研究[D];大連海事大學(xué);2007年

2 李正蓮;港口國(guó)監(jiān)督選船系統(tǒng)研究[D];大連海事大學(xué);2008年

，

本文編號(hào)：1670487