本文選題：鋼筋混凝土梁　切入點(diǎn)：橫向分布　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：公路橋梁作為交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的重要組成部分，對(duì)于提高交通運(yùn)輸系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行效率、改善人民生活質(zhì)量、保障經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)發(fā)展起著舉足輕重的作用。據(jù)交通運(yùn)輸部權(quán)威統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，我國(guó)中小跨徑橋梁的比例達(dá)到90%以上。在中小跨徑橋梁中，鋼筋混凝土梁橋是最廣泛采用的結(jié)構(gòu)形式。 隨著交通流量的持續(xù)增加，以及車輛超載現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生，服役橋梁在這些外部交通荷載作用下，疲勞損傷現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重。廣泛使用的預(yù)制裝配式鋼筋混凝土梁式橋橫向聯(lián)系損壞比例較高，使得橋梁荷載的橫向分配產(chǎn)生變異，導(dǎo)致“單板（梁）受力”現(xiàn)象。傳統(tǒng)的橫向分布計(jì)算方法存在很大的局限性，，在評(píng)價(jià)鋼筋混凝土橋梁橫向連接損傷方面效率不足。因此，開(kāi)展鋼筋混凝土梁橋橫向分布計(jì)算方法、橫向連接損傷評(píng)價(jià)以及橋梁整體性能評(píng)估等研究工作對(duì)于保障結(jié)構(gòu)安全運(yùn)營(yíng)意義深遠(yuǎn)。本文結(jié)合國(guó)家高技術(shù)研究發(fā)展計(jì)劃（863計(jì)劃）和吉林省交通運(yùn)輸廳科技項(xiàng)目，開(kāi)展的具體研究工作如下： 1.基于傳統(tǒng)的彈性支承連續(xù)梁計(jì)算理論，提出了基于單梁有限元與彈性支承連續(xù)梁橫向分布計(jì)算相結(jié)合的方法。該方法通過(guò)求解縱向結(jié)構(gòu)的撓度和扭角，進(jìn)而得到橫向模型的支承剛度。將所提出方法應(yīng)用于簡(jiǎn)支空心板橋、簡(jiǎn)支T梁橋、簡(jiǎn)支彎梁橋、簡(jiǎn)支斜梁橋、變截面連續(xù)梁橋等典型橋型，驗(yàn)證了方法的適用性；與傳統(tǒng)鉸接板法、比擬正交異性板法、剛性橫梁法、空間有限元法、二次剛度換算法等方法的計(jì)算精度對(duì)比分析，驗(yàn)證了方法的有效性。 2.基于模態(tài)分析理論，提出了基于橋梁結(jié)構(gòu)模態(tài)分析的荷載橫向分布模態(tài)參數(shù)計(jì)算方法。選取簡(jiǎn)支T梁橋和簡(jiǎn)支空心板橋?yàn)檠芯繉?duì)象，將模態(tài)參數(shù)法計(jì)算結(jié)果與傳統(tǒng)簡(jiǎn)化計(jì)算方法、有限元靜力分析方法進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)對(duì)比分析，驗(yàn)證了模態(tài)參數(shù)法在簡(jiǎn)支T梁橋和簡(jiǎn)支空心板橋荷載橫向分布計(jì)算上的適用性和準(zhǔn)確性。此外，采用橋梁荷載橫向分布模態(tài)參數(shù)法分析了橫隔梁設(shè)置、斜交角和主梁間距對(duì)簡(jiǎn)支T梁橋荷載橫向分布的影響，得出了相關(guān)影響規(guī)律。 3.在基于模態(tài)參數(shù)橫向分布理論的基礎(chǔ)上，考慮到廣泛使用的簡(jiǎn)支板橋在服役過(guò)程中容易出現(xiàn)的鉸縫損傷及主梁損傷狀況，開(kāi)展了相應(yīng)的損傷位置及損傷狀態(tài)評(píng)價(jià)方法研究。針對(duì)鉸縫的損傷識(shí)別，通過(guò)橫向分布影響線在鉸縫損傷位置處的交叉現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行辨識(shí)；針對(duì)主梁的損傷識(shí)別，通過(guò)橫向分布影響線在主梁損傷位置處的偏移現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行辨識(shí)。針對(duì)鉸縫損傷和主梁損傷狀態(tài)辨識(shí)，分別構(gòu)造了合適的損傷識(shí)別參數(shù)，通過(guò)選取不同的模糊隸屬度函數(shù)，形成了用于鉸縫損傷和主梁損傷的模糊評(píng)價(jià)系統(tǒng)。 4.在現(xiàn)有的橋梁狀態(tài)評(píng)價(jià)方法中，人為主觀因素成為影響橋梁狀態(tài)評(píng)價(jià)的主要原因。為消除橋梁狀態(tài)評(píng)價(jià)過(guò)程中人為主觀因素的干擾，提出了一種基于粒子群優(yōu)化模糊C均值聚類的鋼筋混凝土橋梁橋跨結(jié)構(gòu)整體狀態(tài)評(píng)價(jià)方法。采用橋梁現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)構(gòu)造結(jié)構(gòu)狀態(tài)評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系，通過(guò)選取10座典型橋梁作為橋梁整體狀態(tài)評(píng)價(jià)的聚類樣本，對(duì)樣本數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，采用Xie-Beni有效性分析，確定樣本的最佳聚類數(shù)目，聚類分析得到樣本聚類中心和隸屬度矩陣。結(jié)合橋梁技術(shù)狀況評(píng)分界定橋梁的耐久性等級(jí)，確定與之相應(yīng)的聚類中心。通過(guò)計(jì)算待評(píng)估橋梁實(shí)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)與等級(jí)聚類中心的隸屬度值對(duì)橋梁橋跨結(jié)構(gòu)耐久性狀態(tài)進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。選取中朝邊境惠山國(guó)境橋作為橋梁整體狀態(tài)評(píng)價(jià)的實(shí)體工程，驗(yàn)證了方法的有效性。
[Abstract]:The highway bridge is an important part of the transportation infrastructure, to improve the operation efficiency of the transportation system, improving people's life quality, guarantee the stable development of economy plays an important role. According to the Ministry of transport authority statistics, small and medium span bridges in our country the proportion reached more than 90%. In the small and medium span bridges, reinforced concrete beam bridge structure is the most widely used.
With the traffic increasing, and the vehicle overload phenomenon, the service bridge in the function of these external traffic load, fatigue damage is serious. The prefabricated reinforced concrete beam bridge transverse connection widely used a higher proportion of damaged, the transverse distribution of the bridge mutation, resulting in "single plate (beam) force" the phenomenon of transverse distribution. The traditional calculation method has great limitations, in the evaluation of reinforced concrete bridge transverse connection damage efficiency. Therefore, to carry out the transverse distribution of the reinforced concrete beam bridge calculation method, the transverse connection damage evaluation and performance evaluation of the whole bridge for protecting the safe operation of the structure of far-reaching significance. Combined with the national high technology research and development program (863 Program) and the science and technology project of Jilin Provincial Department of transportation, the specific research work carried out as follows:
1. based on the traditional elastic support continuous beam theory, put forward the method of combining the finite element calculation of single beam and continuous beam with the elastic support. The method is based on the transverse distribution by the deflection and torsion angle and longitudinal structure is solved, supported transverse stiffness model. The proposed method for simply supported hollow slab. Simply supported T beam bridge, simply supported curved beam bridge, simply supported girder bridge, variable cross-section continuous girder bridge with typical bridge, verify the applicability of the method; and the traditional hinged plate, orthotropic plate method, rigid cross beam method, finite element method, analysis and comparison of calculation accuracy two stiffness the conversion method, verify the validity of the method.
2. based on the modal analysis theory, puts forward the calculation of transverse load distribution of modal parameters of bridge structure analysis based on modal method. Selection of simply supported T beam bridge and simply supported hollow slab bridge as the research object, the calculation results of modal parameters of traditional method and simplified calculation method, finite element static analysis methods are compared and analyzed in detail. The applicability is verified. And the accuracy of the simply supported T beam bridge and simply supported hollow slab bridge load transverse distribution calculation method of modal parameters. In addition, the bridge load transverse distribution modal parameter analysis of cross beam setting, influence of skew angle and beam spacing on the transverse load distribution of simply supported T beam bridge, the impact of relevant laws.
3. based on the theory of modal parameters of transverse distribution, considering the widespread use of simply supported slab bridge in the service process prone to joint damage and the damage situation, carry out research on Evaluation of damage location and damage state. According to the corresponding method of damage identification of hinge joints, the horizontal distribution of line in the joint cross the phenomenon of damage location identification; damage identification for beam, through the horizontal distribution of line in the shift position of the girder damage identification for hinge joint damage and the damage state identification, we construct damage identification parameters suitable, by selecting different fuzzy membership function for hinge joint damage and girder damage fuzzy evaluation system is formed.
4. in the bridge state of the existing evaluation methods, subjective factors become the main reasons affecting the bridge condition evaluation. In order to eliminate the interference in the process of bridge condition evaluation of subjective factors, proposes a particle swarm optimization of reinforced concrete bridge span structure fuzzy C means clustering method based on the overall evaluation of the evaluation index system of the bridge. The field data structure, by clustering the samples from 10 typical bridges as the bridge condition evaluation, standardization of sample data, the analysis of the effectiveness of Xie-Beni, to determine the optimal number of clusters of samples, clustering analysis by sample cluster centers and membership matrix. Based on the technical status of bridge durability grade definition sure, the corresponding cluster center. By calculating the membership degree of the measured data and evaluation of bridge hierarchical clustering center value The durability state of bridge and span structure is evaluated. The Huishan border bridge of Sino Korean border is selected as the entity project of the overall state evaluation of the bridge, which verifies the effectiveness of the method.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：U446

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