本文選題：紫外誘導熒光　切入點：溢油監(jiān)測　出處：《西安工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：溢油是水體中的主要污染物之一,而溢油事故多發(fā)于海洋鉆井平臺、輸油管線以及船舶航行過程中。溢油產(chǎn)生后會隨著水流進一步擴散從而造成大面積的水域污染,及早發(fā)現(xiàn)溢油事故,根據(jù)不同種類的溢油采取行之有效的處理辦法則可以有效地降低溢油對環(huán)境的污染,減少經(jīng)濟損失。紫外誘導熒光探測水面溢油是目前探測效率最好,識別精度最高的探測方法,其具有預警精度高,全天候探測的特點,可探測到微米級別的油膜,也是目前唯一一種能夠探測冰面、雪地以及沙石表面的技術(shù)手段。本文從能級激發(fā)的角度討論了紫外光誘導熒光的原理,歸納總結(jié)了熒光激發(fā)速率方程以及影響熒光激發(fā)效率的因素。通過搭建溢油探測實驗平臺,分別在暗室與實驗室環(huán)境下完成了不同油品的熒光激發(fā)探測,得出了相應(yīng)的油品辨別公式。實驗了不同厚度油品的熒光激發(fā)強度,歸納總結(jié)了熒光強度隨油膜厚度變化的原因,實驗了不同探測高度下油品的熒光強度,為日后光強補償提供了實驗數(shù)據(jù)與理論依據(jù)。搭建并測試了光電傳感器的信號濾波電路,設(shè)計了熒光激發(fā)系統(tǒng)、信號接收系統(tǒng)及其遮光結(jié)構(gòu),使用TracePro仿真軟件對遮光結(jié)構(gòu)的遮光效果進行了驗證。溢油預警控制系統(tǒng)采用兩個STC89C58單片機,分為主機與從機協(xié)同工作,通過對比選擇引入了AD模塊,測距傳感器、顏色傳感器、溫濕度傳感器、無線通信模塊、顯示模塊、時鐘模塊以及語音預警等模塊,使系統(tǒng)的功能更加全面,進一步提高了探測效率。通過C語言對上述各個模塊分別進行編程并調(diào)試運行,運用均值濾波算法以及卡爾曼濾波算法對熒光信號進行了濾波處理,使探測信號更加穩(wěn)定。設(shè)計了預警系統(tǒng)的運行邏輯,設(shè)置了兩種探測模式,通過對單片機的編程實現(xiàn)了系統(tǒng)的實時遠程遙感與自動預警功能,完成了溢油的預警以及溢油種類的識別。
[Abstract]:Oil spill is one of the main pollutants in the water body, and oil spill accidents often occur in offshore drilling platforms, oil pipelines and ships. Oil spills will spread further with the flow of water, resulting in a large area of water pollution. Early detection of oil spill accidents and effective treatment according to different oil spills can effectively reduce environmental pollution and reduce economic losses. UV induced fluorescence detection of oil spills on water surface is the best detection efficiency at present. The detection method with the highest accuracy is characterized by high warning accuracy and all-weather detection. It can detect micrometer oil film and is the only one capable of detecting ice surface at present. In this paper, the principle of UV induced fluorescence is discussed from the point of view of energy level excitation. The equation of fluorescence excitation rate and the factors influencing the efficiency of fluorescence excitation are summarized. The fluorescence excitation detection of different oil products is accomplished in dark room and laboratory environment by setting up an oil spill detection experimental platform. The corresponding oil discrimination formula was obtained. The fluorescence excitation intensity of oil with different thickness was tested, the reasons of the change of fluorescence intensity with oil film thickness were summarized, and the fluorescence intensity of oil product at different detection heights was tested. It provides experimental data and theoretical basis for light intensity compensation in the future. The signal filter circuit of photoelectric sensor is built and tested, and the fluorescent excitation system, signal receiving system and its shading structure are designed. The TracePro simulation software is used to verify the shading effect of the shading structure. Two STC89C58 microcontrollers are used in the oil spill early warning control system, which is divided into two parts: the host computer and the slave computer. The AD module, the ranging sensor and the color sensor are introduced through comparison and selection. Temperature and humidity sensor, wireless communication module, display module, clock module and voice warning module make the function of the system more comprehensive. The detection efficiency is further improved. Each module mentioned above is programmed and debugged by C language, and the fluorescence signal is filtered by means of mean filter algorithm and Kalman filter algorithm. The operating logic of the early warning system is designed and two detection modes are set up. The real-time remote sensing and automatic warning functions of the system are realized by programming the single chip computer. The warning of oil spill and the recognition of oil spill type are completed.
【學位授予單位】：西安工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X834;U698.7;O657.3

【參考文獻】

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本文編號：1606036