本文關鍵詞： 橋梁設計規(guī)范 鋼筋混凝土 荷載及荷載組合 預應力連續(xù)梁橋　出處：《蘭州交通大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：改革開放以后,我國土木工程項目在海外的市場逐年增加,而這些項目所在地很多都曾經(jīng)是歐美的殖民地。所以,我們需要對中美規(guī)范進行一定的了解。本文主要對中國、美國以及歐洲公路橋梁設計規(guī)范的部分條款進行了差異性研究。主要完成了以下內(nèi)容:(1)通過有限元軟件Midas/Civil簡單的介紹了預應力混凝土連續(xù)梁橋的數(shù)值模擬的過程。(2)主要對中國、美國和歐洲三國規(guī)范中的結(jié)構(gòu)材料(包括混凝土和鋼筋)、極限狀態(tài)設計的分類和極限狀態(tài)設計的計算方法、荷載(包括車輛荷載、人群荷載、溫度荷載和風荷載)及荷載組合的相關規(guī)定進行了分析研究。主要結(jié)論如下:對于混凝土強度等級,中國規(guī)范、美國規(guī)范和歐洲規(guī)范的劃分標準存在較大的差異。對于強度的設計值,雖然中國和歐洲規(guī)范規(guī)定都采用了標準值與混凝土材料分項系數(shù)之商;歐洲規(guī)范與中國規(guī)范相似都將極限狀態(tài)分為兩類,但是美國規(guī)范卻將極限狀態(tài)分為了四類;美國規(guī)范與中國規(guī)范相似都采用了車輛荷載及車道荷載模式,而歐洲規(guī)范中車輛荷載分為了四種模式;對于溫度荷載,中國、美國與歐洲規(guī)范都將其分為均勻溫度荷載作用和溫度梯度荷載作用,是否考慮溫度基數(shù)取值和梁底溫差是它們的主要區(qū)別;對于風荷載,雖然中、歐兩國規(guī)范對風荷載的計算公式都為:風壓?面積?系數(shù),但是它們之間也存在差異性,其差異性主要在于:中國規(guī)范的計算面積是按照實際尺寸考慮的,同時考慮了設計風速重現(xiàn)期換算系數(shù)、風載阻力系數(shù)和地形、地理條件系數(shù);而歐洲規(guī)范的計算面積是按照X,Y,Z三個方向的截面面積考慮的,同時考慮了暴露系數(shù)和截面系數(shù);美國規(guī)范的基本風壓考慮了風以不同角度作用在結(jié)構(gòu)上這種情況,而中國規(guī)范僅考慮的水平風壓;美國規(guī)范的相關計算公式主要根據(jù)實際環(huán)境水文情況來計算橋梁受到的風壓,更科學;中國規(guī)范結(jié)合了多年觀測的水文地質(zhì)資料,經(jīng)驗性較強;對于荷載分項系數(shù),中國規(guī)范處于較低的水平。(3)本文運用有限元軟件Midas/Civil建立了有限元分析模型,分別按照各國規(guī)范進行荷載加載與荷載組合,然后對單項荷載作用下以及不同荷載組合作用下的荷載效應進行對比分析,最后再得出結(jié)論。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the overseas market of civil engineering projects in China has increased year by year, and many of these projects were once colonies of Europe and the United States. Therefore, we need to have a certain understanding of the norms between China and the United States. The differences of some articles in the design code of highway bridges in the United States and Europe have been studied. The following contents have been completed: 1) the process of numerical simulation of prestressed concrete continuous beam bridges has been briefly introduced by the finite element software Midas/Civil) and the process of numerical simulation of prestressed concrete continuous beam bridges has been introduced mainly in China. Structural materials (including concrete and steel bars) in the codes of the United States and Europe, classification of limit state design and calculation methods of limit state design, loads (including vehicle loads, crowd loads, The relevant regulations of temperature load and wind load) and load combination are analyzed and studied. The main conclusions are as follows: for concrete strength grade, Chinese code, There is a great difference between the American code and the European standard. For the design value of strength, both Chinese and European codes adopt the quotient between the standard value and the subdivision coefficient of concrete material. Similar to the Chinese code, the European code divides the limit state into two categories, but the American code divides the limit state into four categories. In the European Code, the vehicle load is divided into four modes. For the temperature load, the Chinese, American and European codes divide it into uniform temperature load and temperature gradient load. Are the main differences between the temperature base and the temperature difference at the bottom of the beam taken into account; for wind loads, though the formulas for wind loads in the European and Chinese codes are: wind pressure? Area? But there are also differences between them. The difference lies in the fact that the calculated area of Chinese code is considered according to the actual size, and the conversion factor of design wind speed recurrence period, wind load resistance coefficient and topography are also taken into account. The calculated area of the European Code is considered according to the cross section area in the three directions of XY Z, and the exposure coefficient and the cross section coefficient are taken into account at the same time. The basic wind pressure of the United States Code takes into account the fact that the wind acts on the structure at different angles, while the Chinese Code only considers the horizontal wind pressure; the relevant calculation formulas of the United States Code are mainly based on the actual environmental and hydrological conditions to calculate the wind pressure on the bridge. More scientific; the Chinese code combines the hydrogeological data observed for many years and has strong experience; for the load sub-coefficient, the Chinese code is at a lower level.) in this paper, the finite element analysis model is established by using the finite element software Midas/Civil. The load loading and load combination are carried out according to the codes of different countries respectively. Then the load effect under single load and different load combination is compared and analyzed. Finally, the conclusion is drawn.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州交通大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U442

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本文編號：1543096