【摘要】：隨著航運(yùn)事業(yè)的發(fā)展,船舶數(shù)量急劇增加,海上碰撞事故也在不斷增加,據(jù)大量的統(tǒng)計(jì)資料表明,大多數(shù)碰撞事故都是在夜間或能見度不良的情況下發(fā)生的。其中能見度不良情況下發(fā)生的碰撞事故占大多數(shù),而霧則是造成能見度不良的首要因素。威海港處在黃海多霧帶,港內(nèi)常有海霧存在,導(dǎo)致能見度不良情況發(fā)生,從而引起交通事故。威海港的快速發(fā)展,使得港口水域船舶密度和船舶大型化趨勢進(jìn)一步加大,安全形勢日趨嚴(yán)峻。由海霧造成的能見度不良不僅影響港口水域的通航安全,還會給港口經(jīng)濟(jì)造成巨大損失。為減輕海霧對威海港水域船舶通航造成的損失,對威海附近海域船舶航行的安全進(jìn)行對策研究就具有十分重要的意義。本文結(jié)合威海港港口的實(shí)際情況,并參考中國沿海其他港口的霧航措施,總結(jié)得到威海港霧中航行的影響因子。文中將其分為兩大類:客觀因子和主觀因子。客觀因子包括:霧對視覺了望的影響、霧對聽覺了望的影響、霧對雷達(dá)了望的影響和霧對航速的影響;主觀因子包括:船舶管理不到位、航海知識技能欠缺、駕駛員心理素質(zhì)過低和實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足。緊接著,本文運(yùn)用層次分析法(AHP)對霧中航行的這八個影響因子進(jìn)行權(quán)重比對,得出各個因子對霧航影響的權(quán)重排序,發(fā)現(xiàn)客觀因子中的視覺了望對霧航的影響十分明顯,而主觀因子是影響霧航的重中之重。為了消除這些影響因子對霧航的影響,在航行時必定要加強(qiáng)值班人員的視覺了望,在平時要加強(qiáng)船員安全教育和培訓(xùn),提高其知識與技能水平,從而從根本上杜絕霧航事故的發(fā)生。
[Abstract]:With the development of shipping industry, the number of ships increases sharply, and the collision accidents at sea are also increasing. According to a large number of statistical data, most collision accidents occur at night or under the condition of poor visibility. Most collision accidents occur in poor visibility, and fog is the primary factor causing poor visibility. Weihai Port is located in Huang Hai's foggy zone, where sea fog often exists, which leads to poor visibility and traffic accidents. With the rapid development of Weihai Port, the ship density and ship size trend in the port waters are further increased, and the security situation is becoming more and more serious. The poor visibility caused by sea fog not only affects the navigation safety of port waters, but also causes huge losses to port economy. In order to reduce the loss of navigation caused by sea fog in the waters of Weihai Port, it is of great significance to study the safety of navigation of ships in the waters near Weihai. Combining with the actual situation of Weihai port and referring to the foggy navigation measures of other ports along the coast of China, this paper summarizes the factors affecting navigation in the fog of Weihai port. In this paper, it is divided into two categories: objective factors and subjective factors. The objective factors include: the influence of fog on visual gaze, the influence of fog on auditory gaze, the influence of fog on radar lookout and the influence of fog on speed; Subjective factors include: ship management is not in place, navigation knowledge and skills are lacking, drivers' psychological quality is too low and practical experience is insufficient. Then, this paper uses analytic hierarchy process (AHP) (AHP) to compare the weight of the eight factors in fog navigation, obtains the weight ranking of each factor on fog navigation, and finds that the visual effect of objective factors on fog navigation is very obvious. Subjective factors are the most important factors affecting fog navigation. In order to eliminate the influence of these factors on fog navigation, it is necessary to strengthen the visual lookout of the personnel on duty during navigation, and to strengthen the safety education and training of crew members in peacetime so as to improve their knowledge and skills. In order to fundamentally eliminate the occurrence of fog accidents.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連海事大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：U675.53

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 鄧曉云;;我國沿海港口霧航的必要性及應(yīng)對措施[J];中國水運(yùn)(下半月);2015年11期

2 張曉;;我國新的《海船船員值班規(guī)則》的修訂內(nèi)容解讀[J];航海技術(shù);2013年02期

3 任云燁;;船舶霧航時的應(yīng)對措施探析[J];南通航運(yùn)職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院學(xué)報;2011年04期

4 黃彬;毛冬艷;康志明;曹越男;向純怡;;黃海海霧天氣氣候特征及其成因分析[J];熱帶氣象學(xué)報;2011年06期

5 曹華中;;霧航船舶事故典型案例分析及防范對策[J];武漢船舶職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院學(xué)報;2011年02期

6 丁做尉;張?zhí)K平;白慧;薛德強(qiáng);周雪松;;黃海霧季開始日期的確定及其年際變化[J];中國海洋大學(xué)學(xué)報(自然科學(xué)版);2011年04期

7 鄧術(shù)章;汪運(yùn)濤;李光正;喬文明;;成山頭水域商船與漁船碰撞事故原因及對策[J];中國海事;2011年02期

8 李建華;崔宜少;李愛霞;;山東半島及其近海大霧的統(tǒng)計(jì)與分析[J];海洋預(yù)報;2010年06期

9 梁永滔;;淺談霧航中的轉(zhuǎn)向避讓[J];珠江水運(yùn);2008年10期

10 程楊涵;;能見度不良船舶發(fā)生碰撞事故原因淺析及對策[J];中國水運(yùn)(下半月);2008年09期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前5條

1 肖豐磊;威海港主航道雙向通航航道寬度研究[D];大連海事大學(xué);2015年

2 王龍濤;海霧對青島港通航安全和效益的影響及對策研究[D];大連海事大學(xué);2014年

3 張杰;部分航路能見度不良情況下船舶進(jìn)出港研究[D];大連海事大學(xué);2009年

4 仝金強(qiáng);船舶在能見度不良非互見時的避碰研究[D];大連海事大學(xué);2008年

5 王鑫;黃海海霧形成的氣候特征以及能見度分析[D];中國海洋大學(xué);2004年

，

本文編號：2393086