本文選題：船用柴油機 + 曲軸�。� 參考：《大連海事大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：曲軸機構(gòu)是船舶柴油機的重要運動部件,主要作用是運動形式的轉(zhuǎn)變、承受著復雜的交變載荷等。在柴油機的有害振動、噪聲的傳遞或耦合中,曲軸機構(gòu)自身的不平衡振動是主要原因之一。為了降低柴油機不平衡振動以改善其工作性能和狀態(tài),延長其使用壽命并降低柴油機的功耗和日常維護與管理成本以及改善機艙工作環(huán)境,開展船舶柴油機曲軸機構(gòu)的動平衡研究具有重要的意義。本課題在綜合考慮船舶柴油機的實際工況和自身實驗條件下,將船舶柴油機曲軸機構(gòu)的動平衡方法選擇現(xiàn)場動平衡技術(shù),并針對曲軸機構(gòu)的現(xiàn)場動平衡的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)展開研究分析,主要體現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面：(1)在課題研究的概論部分,通過結(jié)合船舶柴油機實際運行工況,分別對本課題研究的背景、意義及目前國內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究現(xiàn)狀進行了系列化分析,考慮到本課題在研究過程中的自身條件與特點提出了相應的切合實際的研究目標、流程等。(2)船舶柴油機曲軸機構(gòu)不平衡振動分析：課題結(jié)合船舶柴油機的結(jié)構(gòu)與工作原理對其產(chǎn)生振動的原因、傳遞與耦合關(guān)系展開分析,并通過對曲軸機構(gòu)動力學方面展開分析,總結(jié)其關(guān)鍵作用及其對系統(tǒng)的不利影響,綜合目前常用的動平衡方法對引起曲軸機構(gòu)的不平衡振動進行論述,進而為本課題現(xiàn)場動平衡技術(shù)研究提供理論指導與參考。(3)對船舶柴油機曲軸機構(gòu)現(xiàn)場動平衡技術(shù)的綜合設計：結(jié)合課題前期研究內(nèi)容,在總體設計了船舶柴油機曲軸機構(gòu)現(xiàn)場動平衡方法的基礎(chǔ)上對柴油機曲軸機構(gòu)的振動監(jiān)測、校正機構(gòu)設計、影響系數(shù)法、不平衡振動信號的提取等關(guān)鍵問題展開分析研究并給出了相應的解決措施,最終構(gòu)建了船舶柴油機曲軸振動監(jiān)測及動平衡系統(tǒng)。(4)實驗研究：通過實驗對曲軸機構(gòu)的初始不平衡量進行測試、試重及影響系數(shù)測算、動平衡效果等方面的驗證體現(xiàn)了本課題所構(gòu)建的船舶柴油機現(xiàn)場動平衡系統(tǒng)的實施效果,而且實驗結(jié)果表明本課題針對船舶柴油機所提出的曲軸機構(gòu)現(xiàn)場動平衡方法是有效的。
[Abstract]:Crankshaft mechanism is an important moving part of marine diesel engine. In the transmission or coupling of harmful vibration and noise of diesel engine, the unbalanced vibration of crankshaft mechanism is one of the main reasons. In order to reduce the unbalanced vibration of diesel engine to improve its working performance and condition, to prolong its service life and to reduce the power consumption and the daily maintenance and management cost of diesel engine, and to improve the working environment of engine room, It is of great significance to study the dynamic balance of crankshaft mechanism of marine diesel engine. Considering the actual working conditions and experimental conditions of marine diesel engine, the dynamic balancing method of crankshaft mechanism of marine diesel engine is chosen in this paper. The research and analysis of the key technology of the field dynamic balance of the crankshaft mechanism are mainly reflected in the following aspects: (1) in the part of the introduction of the subject, by combining the actual operating conditions of the marine diesel engine, the background of this subject is studied respectively. The significance and the current research situation at home and abroad are analyzed in series. Considering the conditions and characteristics of this subject in the research process, the corresponding practical research objectives are put forward. (2) Analysis of the unbalanced vibration of the crankshaft mechanism of marine diesel engine: the subject combines the structure and working principle of the marine diesel engine to analyze the cause of its vibration, transmission and coupling relationship. By analyzing the dynamics of crankshaft mechanism and summarizing its key role and its adverse effect on the system, this paper discusses the unbalance vibration of crankshaft mechanism by synthesizing the commonly used dynamic balancing method. Furthermore, it provides theoretical guidance and reference for the field dynamic balancing technology research of this subject. (3) Comprehensive design of on-site dynamic balancing technology for marine diesel engine crankshaft mechanism: combined with the previous research content of the subject, Based on the overall design of dynamic balancing method of marine diesel engine crankshaft mechanism, the vibration monitoring, correcting mechanism design and influence coefficient method of diesel engine crankshaft mechanism are studied. The key problems, such as the extraction of unbalanced vibration signals, are analyzed and studied, and the corresponding solutions are given. Finally, the vibration monitoring and dynamic balancing system of marine diesel engine crankshaft is constructed. (4) Experimental study: the initial unbalance of crankshaft mechanism is measured by experiment, and the weight and influence coefficient are calculated. The verification of dynamic balancing effect reflects the effect of the dynamic balancing system of marine diesel engine, and the experimental results show that the dynamic balancing method of crankshaft mechanism proposed in this paper is effective.
【學位授予單位】：大連海事大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：U664.121

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