【摘要】：碳纖維水泥基復(fù)合材料(Carbon Fiber Reinforced Cement-based Composites,簡(jiǎn)稱CFRC)是一種新型的功能性材料,其主要應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域包括:低品位熱能發(fā)電,大規(guī)模低成本能量收集或高效制熱。目前CFRC-Seebeck系數(shù)較低,仍是導(dǎo)致其熱電性能較差的主要原因之一,限制了CFRC在規(guī)�；芰渴占蚋咝е茻犷I(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用。本文通過(guò)研究金屬氧化物、球磨處理金屬氧化物、球磨處理金屬氧化物-膨脹石墨、高含量金屬氧化物水泥基復(fù)合材料、高含量金屬氧化物CFRC的Seebeck系數(shù),最終得到CFRC-Seebeck系數(shù)的優(yōu)化途徑,并在模擬太陽(yáng)輻照條件下,進(jìn)行了CFRC能量轉(zhuǎn)換收集實(shí)驗(yàn)。(1)通過(guò)對(duì)金屬氧化物、經(jīng)球磨12 h處理金屬氧化物和球磨12 h處理金屬氧化物-膨脹石墨復(fù)合材料Seebeck系數(shù)的研究表征,結(jié)果表明:MnO2和Ni2O3粉末的Seebeck系數(shù)為2.28 m V/℃和2.57 mV/℃,球磨12 h處理的MnO2和Ni2O3粉末Seebeck系數(shù)分別為2.57 mV/℃和21.00 m V/℃,球磨12 h處理對(duì)金屬氧化物Seebeck系數(shù)有提升作用,對(duì)MnO2粉末Seebeck系數(shù)提升較小,但對(duì)Ni2O3粉末Seebeck系數(shù)提升作用顯著;5.0 wt%膨脹石墨-球磨處理MnO2復(fù)合材料的Seebeck系數(shù)為13.00 mV/℃,電導(dǎo)率為6.70 S/cm,3.0 wt%膨脹石墨-球磨處理Ni2O3復(fù)合材料的Seebeck系數(shù)為22.00 mV/℃,電導(dǎo)率為7.75 S/cm。膨脹石墨對(duì)球磨處理金屬氧化物(MnO2、Ni2O3)Seebeck系數(shù)影響較小,但對(duì)其電導(dǎo)率提升非常顯著。(2)研究高含量金屬氧化物水泥基復(fù)合材料和高含量金屬氧化物CFRC的Seebeck系數(shù)。75 wt%金屬氧化物增強(qiáng)水泥基復(fù)合材料增強(qiáng)效果依次為Ni2O3、Fe2O3、Co2O3、MnO2(Seebeck系數(shù)為59.00 mV/℃、11.50 mV/℃、2.80 mV/℃、1.90 mV/℃),60 wt%金屬氧化物增強(qiáng)水泥基復(fù)合材料增強(qiáng)效果依次為Fe2O3、Co2O3、MnO2、Ni2O3(Seebeck系數(shù)為43.00 mV/℃、8.20 mV/℃、2.80 mV/℃、0.10 mV/℃);45 wt%金屬氧化物增強(qiáng)CFRC增強(qiáng)效果依次為Co2O3、Ni2O3、MnO2、Fe2O3(Seebeck系數(shù)為300.00 m V/℃、86.00 mV/℃、56.00 mV/℃、13.00 mV/℃),75 wt%金屬氧化物增強(qiáng)CFRC增強(qiáng)效果依次為Co2O3、Ni2O3、Fe2O3、MnO2(Seebeck系數(shù)為275.00 m V/℃、25.00 mV/℃、6.80 mV/℃、6.00 mV/℃)。金屬氧化物的含量對(duì)水泥基復(fù)合材料和CFRC的Seebeck系數(shù)影響較大。金屬氧化物CFRC-Seebeck系數(shù)較CFRC空白樣提高3-4個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí),相同條件相同摻量的金屬氧化物對(duì)CFRC-Seebeck系數(shù)增強(qiáng)效果比水泥基復(fù)合材料Seebeck系數(shù)增強(qiáng)效果更加顯著。(3)研究含1.0 wt%碳纖維CFRC的Seebeck系數(shù)、電導(dǎo)率和熱導(dǎo)率,模擬太陽(yáng)輻射下的能量收集實(shí)驗(yàn)。在27℃時(shí),最大熱電優(yōu)值達(dá)到1.334×10-7。實(shí)驗(yàn)表征了CFRC在模擬太陽(yáng)輻照條件下的能量收集過(guò)程,同時(shí)測(cè)量了輸出功率和收集的能量。模擬輻照條件下CFRC表面溫度可達(dá)到68℃,CFRC溫差為62℃,此時(shí)平板狀CFRC(面積為1 m2、厚度為20 mm)輸出功率為4.0-5.0μW。當(dāng)模擬太陽(yáng)輻照CFRC420 min后,每平方米收集的電能為8.4×10-6J。
[Abstract]:Carbon fiber cement matrix composite (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Cement-based composites (CFRC) is a new functional material. Its main applications include low grade thermal power generation, large scale and low cost energy collection or efficient heating. At present, the low CFRC-Seebeck coefficient is still one of the main reasons for its poor thermoelectric performance, which limits the application of CFRC in the field of large-scale energy collection or efficient heating. In this paper, the Seebeck coefficients of metal oxide, ball-milled metal oxide-expanded graphite, high content metal oxide cement matrix composite, high content metal oxide CFRC were studied. Finally, the optimized path of CFRC-Seebeck coefficient was obtained, and the CFRC energy conversion experiments were carried out under simulated solar irradiation. The Seebeck coefficients of metal oxides treated by ball-milling for 12 h and metal oxide-expanded graphite composites treated with ball-milling for 12 h were characterized. The results showed that the Seebeck coefficients of w MNO 2 and Ni2O3 powders were 2.28 MV / 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：2191614