本文選題：二維層狀復合金屬氫氧化物 + 選擇性紅外吸收�。� 參考：《北京化工大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：太陽光是地球生命的能量基本來源,其中紅外線是太陽光譜的主要組成部分,由于紅外線是太陽光中熱量最高的部分,供給地球生物以熱量,對生命的延續(xù)具有重要意義。波長8～14μm范圍內(nèi)的紅外線對于提高人體免疫力和促進植物生長具有重要作用,因此,研究選擇性紅外吸收材料具有重要意義。二維層狀復合金屬氫氧化物(Layered double hydroxides,簡稱LDHs)由于其特殊的層間結(jié)構(gòu)以及其層板間的離子具有可交換性,使LDHs及其插層產(chǎn)物和復合材料在特定紅外波段內(nèi)具有良好的紅外吸收性能。同時LDHs是一種綠色環(huán)保的材料,符合國家環(huán)保部門對于環(huán)境保護提出的要求。根據(jù)米氏(Mie)定律,除自身化學性質(zhì)和化學組成直接影響材料的紅外吸收波段之外,材料微觀粒徑的物理尺寸對材料的紅外吸收具有重要的影響,在化學組成、化學結(jié)構(gòu)及性質(zhì)相同的情況下,不同粒徑的材料的紅外吸收作用不同,因此研究材料粒徑對材料紅外吸收性能的影響是很有必要的。本論文主要研究內(nèi)容和成果如下：(1)以可溶性鎂鹽、鋁鹽和沉淀劑為原料,采用均勻沉淀法制備大尺寸微米級MgAl-CO3-LDHs。材料在1500～700 cm-1范圍內(nèi)的紅外吸收性能良好,且粒徑為7.50μm的LDHs紅外消光系數(shù)最大,數(shù)值為0.122m2·g-。以硬脂酸鈉為改性劑對MgAl-CO3-LDHs進行表面改性增強材料表面活性,并進一步增大紅外消光系數(shù),改性后數(shù)值為0.132 m2·-1。同時,對MgAl-CO3-LDHs進行了工程化放大實驗,樣品的粒徑為7.80 μm,在1500～700 cm-1范圍內(nèi)MgAl-CO3-LDHs的紅外消光系數(shù)為0.130 m2·g-1,與實驗室結(jié)果相一致。通過調(diào)控物料濃度研究了MgAl-CO3-LDHs粒徑的變化規(guī)律,發(fā)現(xiàn)粒徑大小與物料濃度成反比。相比于HMT和Na2CO3的混合沉淀劑,僅以HMT為沉淀劑時MgAl-CO3-LDHs的粒徑增加了約1倍。樣品粒徑大小與沉淀劑HMT比Al3+的比值(即f值)成反比例。鹽的種類不同(硝酸鹽、氯鹽、硫酸鹽)制備LDHs情況下,使用硝酸鹽得到的樣品粒徑最大。對LDHs的生長機理進行了探討,推測了規(guī)則六方片和不規(guī)則六方片LDHs的形成機理。(2)以大尺寸微米級MgAl-CO3-LDHs為前驅(qū)體,通過離子交換法制備MgAl-H2PO4-LDHs樣品。與前驅(qū)體相比僅層間距發(fā)生變化,粒徑未發(fā)生改變。制備得到的MgAl-H2PO4-LDHs改性后在1500～700 cm-1的波段內(nèi)紅外消光系數(shù)達到0.143 m2·g-1優(yōu)于MgAl-CO3-LDHs的0.132 m2·g-1。此外,對MgAl-H2PO4-LDHs進行了工程化放大實驗,樣品在波數(shù)1500～700cm-1范圍內(nèi),紅外消光系數(shù)為0.139m2.g-1,與實驗室結(jié)果基本一致。(3)以MgAl-CO3-LDHs和石墨為原料,化學法制備LDHs@C復合紅外吸收材料。在石墨的表面和斷面上MgAl-CO3-LDHs片狀結(jié)構(gòu)均勻生長,樣品斷面被MgAl-CO3-LDHs包覆。得到的LDHs@C復合材料在1500～700cm-1范圍內(nèi)紅外消光系數(shù)為0.140 m2·-1,大于MgAl-CO3-LDHs材料的0.132 m2·g-1,同時具有較好的絕緣性質(zhì)。
[Abstract]:Solar light is the basic source of energy of the earth's life, in which the infrared ray is the main component of the solar spectrum. Because the infrared ray is the part with the highest heat in the solar light, it is of great significance for the continuation of life to supply the earth's living things with heat.Infrared radiation in the wavelength of 814 渭 m plays an important role in improving human immunity and promoting plant growth. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the selective infrared absorption materials.Due to its special interlaminar structure and exchangeability of ions between its laminates, two-dimensional layered metal hydroxides (LDHs) make LDHs and its intercalation products and composites have good infrared absorption properties in a specific infrared band.At the same time, LDHs is a kind of green material, which meets the requirements of the national environmental protection department for environmental protection.According to Miex's law, in addition to its own chemical properties and chemical composition directly affecting the infrared absorption band of the material, the physical size of the material's microscopic particle size has an important effect on the infrared absorption of the material.Under the same chemical structure and properties, the infrared absorption of materials with different particle sizes is different, so it is necessary to study the influence of material particle size on the infrared absorption properties of the materials.The main contents and results of this thesis are as follows: (1) using soluble magnesium salt, aluminum salt and precipitator as raw materials, large size micrometer MgAl-CO _ 3-LDHs were prepared by homogeneous precipitation method.The infrared absorption property of the material is good in the range of 1500 ~ 700 cm-1, and the infrared extinction coefficient of LDHs with the diameter of 7.50 渭 m is the largest, and the value is 0.122m2 g-.The surface activity of MgAl-CO3-LDHs was enhanced with sodium stearate as modifier, and the infrared extinction coefficient was further increased. The modified value was 0.132 m ~ 2 ~ (-1).At the same time, the engineering amplification experiment of MgAl-CO3-LDHs was carried out. The particle size of the sample was 7.80 渭 m, and the infrared extinction coefficient of MgAl-CO3-LDHs was 0.130 m ~ (2) g ~ (-1) in the range of 1500 ~ 700 cm-1, which was consistent with the experimental results.The variation of MgAl-CO3-LDHs particle size was studied by controlling the concentration of the material. It was found that the particle size was inversely proportional to the concentration of the material.Compared with the mixed precipitant of HMT and Na2CO3, the particle size of MgAl-CO3-LDHs increased by about twice when only HMT was used as precipitant.The particle size of the sample is inversely proportional to the ratio of HMT to Al3 (f value).When LDHs was prepared with different kinds of salt (nitrate, chloride, sulfate), the particle size of the sample obtained by using nitrate was the largest.The growth mechanism of LDHs was discussed, and the formation mechanism of regular hexagonal and irregular hexagonal LDHs was inferred.Compared with the precursor, only the interlayer spacing changed, but the particle size did not change.The infrared extinction coefficient of the modified MgAl-H2PO4-LDHs is 0.143 m ~ 2 g ~ (-1) at 1 500 ~ 700 cm-1 band, which is better than that of 0.132 m ~ 2 g ~ (-1) of MgAl-CO3-LDHs.The MgAl-CO3-LDHs flake structure grows uniformly on the surface and section of graphite, and the cross section of the sample is covered by MgAl-CO3-LDHs.The infrared extinction coefficient of LDHs@C composites in the range of 1500~700cm-1 is 0.140 m2 -1, which is larger than that of MgAl-CO3-LDHs materials 0.132 m2 g -1, and has good insulation properties.
【學位授予單位】：北京化工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TB33

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