【摘要】：瓦斯抽放是防瓦斯災(zāi)害的有效方法之一，由于我國高瓦斯低滲透煤層透氣性系數(shù)普遍偏低，，平均瓦斯抽放率為30%左右。煤層預(yù)裂爆破技術(shù)是利用爆生氣體和爆炸沖擊波的能量使炮孔周圍的煤體產(chǎn)生裂隙和膨脹變形使原生裂隙進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)展，達(dá)到瓦斯抽采效率的目的。但預(yù)裂爆破后裂紋擴(kuò)展規(guī)律及其影響范圍現(xiàn)場難以測量，因此，本文采用理論與數(shù)值模擬相結(jié)合的方法進(jìn)行低滲流煤層預(yù)裂爆破數(shù)值模擬研究。 論文首先給出了高瓦斯低滲透煤層物理力學(xué)特性和瓦斯在煤體內(nèi)的擴(kuò)散、解吸和滲流規(guī)律，其次結(jié)合預(yù)裂爆破自身特性，揭示了煤層在爆炸應(yīng)力波動(dòng)作用和爆生氣體準(zhǔn)靜態(tài)作用下的損傷斷裂機(jī)理。通過對(duì)爆生氣體對(duì)裂紋擴(kuò)展規(guī)律的影響分析。煤層預(yù)裂爆破裂紋擴(kuò)展機(jī)理是應(yīng)力波、爆生氣體和煤層內(nèi)的瓦斯壓力共同作用的結(jié)果。最后利用AUTODYN程序中用戶自定義材料模型功能，通過改變影響煤體裂紋擴(kuò)展的參數(shù)，得到單孔和雙孔在不同孔距及不同爆參工況條件下裂紋擴(kuò)展規(guī)律和裂紋擴(kuò)展范圍及合理孔距。研究結(jié)果對(duì)高瓦斯低透氣性煤層預(yù)裂增透提高瓦斯抽采率具有重要指導(dǎo)作用。
[Abstract]:Gas drainage is one of the effective methods to prevent gas disaster. Because of the low permeability coefficient of high gas and low permeability coal seam in our country, the average gas drainage rate is about 30%. The technology of coal seam pre-splitting blasting is to make use of the energy of explosion gas and blast wave to make the coal body around the hole produce cracks and expand the original fissure to further expand the original fissure, so as to achieve the purpose of gas extraction efficiency. However, it is difficult to measure the crack propagation law and its influence range after pre-splitting blasting. Therefore, the method of combining theory with numerical simulation is used to study the numerical simulation of pre-splitting blasting in low-seepage coal seam. Firstly, the physical and mechanical characteristics of high gas and low permeability coal seams and the diffusion, desorption and seepage laws of gas in coal body are given, and then combined with the characteristics of pre-splitting blasting itself. The damage and fracture mechanism of coal seam under explosion stress fluctuation and explosive gas quasi-static action is revealed. The effect of explosion gas on crack propagation is analyzed. The mechanism of crack propagation in coal seam pre-splitting blasting is the result of the interaction of stress wave, explosion gas and gas pressure in coal seam. Finally, using the user-defined material model function in AUTODYN program, by changing the parameters that affect the crack growth of coal body, the law of crack propagation and the range of crack propagation and the reasonable hole spacing of single hole and double hole under different hole spacing and different blasting parameters are obtained. The results can be used to improve the gas drainage rate in high gas and low permeability coal seam.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧工程技術(shù)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：TD712.6

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