本文選題：環(huán)氧乙烷裝置 + 危險(xiǎn)與可操作性理念��； 參考：《中國(guó)石油大學(xué)（華東）》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：環(huán)氧乙烷是乙烯衍生物中非常重要的有機(jī)化工產(chǎn)品，環(huán)氧乙烷的生產(chǎn)以及市場(chǎng)消費(fèi)和價(jià)格走勢(shì)已經(jīng)成為影響當(dāng)今國(guó)內(nèi)外非離子表面活性劑及環(huán)氧乙烷衍生精細(xì)化工產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的重要因素?fù)?jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，環(huán)氧乙烷是乙烯衍生物中僅次于聚乙烯和聚氯乙烯的第三大重要有機(jī)化工產(chǎn)品。 環(huán)氧乙烷工藝復(fù)雜程度高，危險(xiǎn)物質(zhì)高，帶來(lái)了很多潛在的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，為了制定合理安全措施，降低環(huán)氧乙烷裝置的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，從目前環(huán)氧乙烷技術(shù)研究進(jìn)展和我國(guó)環(huán)氧乙烷裝置的應(yīng)用概況著手，通過(guò)危險(xiǎn)與可操作性分析方法（HAZOP）等相關(guān)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)辨識(shí)方法對(duì)裝置存在的主要風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行辨識(shí)，并應(yīng)用目前較為流行并被廣泛認(rèn)可的PHAST、ALOHA等軟件模擬和保護(hù)層分析(LOPA)分析等方法，得出了針對(duì)環(huán)氧乙烷裝置內(nèi)危險(xiǎn)物質(zhì)及不同工藝節(jié)點(diǎn)所應(yīng)采取的主要風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制措施。主要內(nèi)容包括： 1、辨識(shí)環(huán)氧乙烷裝置的主要風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，首先對(duì)環(huán)氧乙烷裝置生產(chǎn)過(guò)程中涉及到的各種物料進(jìn)行物質(zhì)危險(xiǎn)分析，采用危險(xiǎn)與可操作性分析方法(HAZOP)的理念系統(tǒng)的辨識(shí)環(huán)氧乙烷裝置的主要工藝潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，并對(duì)潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行原因和后果分析，最終得出總結(jié)出27條主要風(fēng)險(xiǎn)； 2、確定環(huán)氧乙烷裝置主要潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等級(jí)：采用概率估算法對(duì)各潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行事故概率計(jì)算。對(duì)于后果嚴(yán)重的事故場(chǎng)景，采用PHAST和ALOHA軟件進(jìn)行事故后果模擬，并以火球熱輻射值、爆炸沖擊波等限值對(duì)事故后果進(jìn)行量化，實(shí)現(xiàn)事故后果的定量化分級(jí)，最后利用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)矩陣法確定各個(gè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的等級(jí)； 3、針對(duì)可能的并且影響較大的事故場(chǎng)景（二級(jí)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)），通過(guò)保護(hù)層分析(LOPA)確定應(yīng)采取的保護(hù)措施，并對(duì)采取保護(hù)措施的工藝過(guò)程進(jìn)行再次分析，得出所采取保護(hù)措施的有效性，最終提出針對(duì)環(huán)氧乙烷裝置不同工藝節(jié)點(diǎn)所應(yīng)采取的41條主要風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制措施，其中，反應(yīng)系統(tǒng)、EO吸收和EO精制系統(tǒng)控制措施較多，，應(yīng)重點(diǎn)關(guān)注，研究結(jié)論對(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)工作有很好的指導(dǎo)意義。
[Abstract]:Ethylene oxide is a very important organic chemical product in ethylene derivatives. The production of ethylene oxide and the trend of market consumption and price have become important factors influencing the development of Nonionic surfactants and ethylene oxide derived fine chemical industry at home and abroad. Ethylene oxide is the third most important organic chemical product in ethylene derivatives after polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride. The ethylene oxide process is highly complex and hazardous, which brings many potential risks. In order to develop reasonable safety measures to reduce the risk of ethylene oxide plant, Based on the current research progress of ethylene oxide technology and the application of ethylene oxide plant in China, the main risks of the plant are identified by the hazard and operability analysis method (HAZOP) and other related risk identification methods. The main risk control measures for hazardous substances and different process nodes in ethylene oxide plant were obtained by using popular and widely accepted software simulation and protective layer analysis method such as PHASTOHA and so on. The main elements include: 1. Identify the main risks of ethylene oxide plant. Firstly, analyze the materials involved in the production of ethylene oxide plant. The main process potential risks of ethylene oxide plant are identified by using the method of hazard and maneuverability analysis (HAZOPO), and the causes and consequences of the potential risks are analyzed, and 27 main risks are concluded. 2. Determine the risk grade of the main potential risks of ethylene oxide plant: the probability estimation method is used to calculate the accident probability of each potential risk. For the serious accident scene, PHAST and ALOHA software are used to simulate the accident consequence, and the limit values of the fireball heat radiation and explosion shock wave are used to quantify the accident consequence, and the quantitative classification of the accident consequence is realized. Finally, the risk matrix method is used to determine the grade of each risk. 3. In view of the possible and influential accident scenarios (secondary risk, protection layer analysis, Lopa), the protective measures should be determined, and the process of adopting protective measures is analyzed again, and the effectiveness of the protective measures is obtained. Finally, 41 main risk control measures for different process nodes of ethylene oxide plant are put forward. Among them, there are many control measures for EO absorption and EO refining system in the reaction system, which should be paid more attention to. The conclusion of the study is of great significance to the field work.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)石油大學(xué)（華東）
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TQ223.26;TQ086

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