本文關(guān)鍵詞： 橋式起重機 箱形主梁 果蠅算法 輕量化設(shè)計 尺寸優(yōu)化　出處：《中北大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：橋式起重機作為現(xiàn)代機械中不可或缺的大型設(shè)備,被廣泛應(yīng)用在了冶金、建筑等領(lǐng)域。隨著科學(xué)技術(shù)發(fā)展的日趨成熟和市場競爭的日益激烈,現(xiàn)有的橋式起重機已經(jīng)不能滿足企業(yè)生產(chǎn)的多元化需求,因此對橋式起重機進行優(yōu)化設(shè)計已是行業(yè)趨勢。傳統(tǒng)的橋式起重機設(shè)計方法會造成起重機部分金屬結(jié)構(gòu)體積大、自重大等問題。因此,在保證實際工況的前提下,用智能優(yōu)化算法對橋式起重機關(guān)鍵結(jié)構(gòu)件進行輕量化研究,使得橋式起重機結(jié)構(gòu)更加緊湊,對起重機行業(yè)的發(fā)展具有重要意義。主梁作為橋式起重機的關(guān)鍵組成部分,對其進行輕量化研究就顯得尤為關(guān)鍵。本文在基本果蠅算法的基礎(chǔ)上進行改進,得到了基于速度變量的自適應(yīng)果蠅優(yōu)化算法(An adaptive fruit fly optimization algorithm based on velocity variable,簡稱VFOA),并用改進后的果蠅算法對橋式起重機箱形主梁進行優(yōu)化設(shè)計。主要內(nèi)容有:(1)對國內(nèi)外起重機和輕量化研究現(xiàn)狀進行分析,確定了利用群智能優(yōu)化算對橋式起重機主梁進行輕量化研究的思路。(2)針對果蠅優(yōu)化算法收斂速度慢、已陷入局部最優(yōu)、收斂早熟的問題進行改進,將自適應(yīng)步長和基本果蠅算法進行結(jié)合,再引入粒子群算法中的速度變量的概念,得到一種改進后的果蠅算法(簡稱VFOA),最后使用該算法對主梁結(jié)構(gòu)進行輕量化設(shè)計研究。(3)以某型號起重機的箱形主梁為工程實例,建立主梁優(yōu)化數(shù)學(xué)模型,運行改進后的果蠅算法優(yōu)化主梁截面尺寸并通過對比確定一組合理的參數(shù),將優(yōu)化結(jié)果和基本果蠅算法的優(yōu)化結(jié)果進行對比分析。再根據(jù)此組參數(shù)在SolidWorks進行建模,并將其運用到Ansys軟件中進行仿真分析。結(jié)果表明,優(yōu)化后的主梁模型相對于原始模型減重效果明顯,從而驗證了優(yōu)化結(jié)果的可行性。
[Abstract]:Bridge crane as an integral part of modern large-scale equipment machinery, is widely used in metallurgy, construction and other fields. With the development of science and technology matures and the increasingly fierce market competition, the existing bridge crane has been unable to meet the diversified production demand, so the optimization design has been the industry trend of bridge crane bridge crane. The traditional design method of the crane metal structure will cause some problems such as large volume, large weight. Therefore, under the premise of ensuring the actual condition of the optimization algorithm, the lightweight research on the key structure of bridge crane for bridge crane intelligent, makes the structure more compact, has an important significance for the development of the crane industry. As a key bridge crane girder part of the lightweight research on it is particularly important in this article. The basic algorithm based on Drosophila On the basis of improvement, then the adaptive optimization algorithm based on variable speed flies (An adaptive fruit fly optimization algorithm based on velocity variable, referred to as VFOA), and to optimize the design of crane's box girder with Drosophila improved algorithm. The main contents are as follows: (1) to the domestic and foreign research status of the crane and lightweight analysis identified the use of swarm intelligence optimization algorithm for the lightweight design of the crane girder method. (2) for Drosophila optimization algorithm slow convergence speed, has been falling into a local optimum, improved the problem of premature convergence, adaptive step and basic algorithm combined with Drosophila, and then the introduction of the concept of particle swarm algorithm in variable speed the obtained, an improved algorithm of Drosophila (VFOA), the use of the algorithm of the lightweight design of the main beam structure. (3) to a certain type of crane The box girder as an example, the establishment of the mathematical model, the improved algorithm of Drosophila operation optimization of main girder section and a reasonable set of parameters determined by contrast, results were compared to the optimization results and basic algorithm. Then flies according to the set of parameters for modeling in SolidWorks, and apply it to the Ansys software simulation analysis is carried out. The results show that the optimized girder model compared to the original model of obvious weight reduction, which verified the feasibility of the optimization results.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TH215

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