本文選題：經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型 + 績(jī)效　； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：始于上世紀(jì)九十年代的俄羅斯經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型是俄羅斯經(jīng)濟(jì)制度演進(jìn)的一個(gè)重要組成部分。俄羅斯在政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、生活等領(lǐng)域在這期間都發(fā)生了急劇的變化。俄羅斯經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型經(jīng)過(guò)十幾年的變遷，如今，俄羅斯在經(jīng)濟(jì)上已基本建立起西方資本主義的經(jīng)濟(jì)體制，政治上也基本上完成了向西方政治制度的轉(zhuǎn)變。通過(guò)對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀的分析和研究，對(duì)俄羅斯經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型的績(jī)效和存在的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行深入的探討和分析，根據(jù)學(xué)習(xí)的經(jīng)濟(jì)知識(shí)，基于客觀的歷史條件和世界發(fā)展的國(guó)際國(guó)內(nèi)環(huán)境，提出促進(jìn)俄羅斯經(jīng)濟(jì)順利發(fā)展的對(duì)策建議。 俄羅斯的經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型沿革重要經(jīng)過(guò)了葉利欽時(shí)代的激進(jìn)式經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型、普京政府的漸進(jìn)式經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型和梅普組合與普梅組合時(shí)期的經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型四個(gè)時(shí)期。其中俄羅斯經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型的績(jī)效在綜合國(guó)力方面：提高了俄羅斯的綜合實(shí)力；推行積極的產(chǎn)業(yè)政策，結(jié)構(gòu)政策合理；建立起了有效的金融體系。在社會(huì)生產(chǎn)能力方面：大型的企業(yè)集團(tuán)有助于俄羅斯參與國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，，提高俄羅斯的國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力；俄羅斯在上個(gè)十年所采取的人口政策取得了一定的成效；提高勞動(dòng)力比重；發(fā)展高科技。在人民生活水平方面：解決人民的住房和就業(yè)問(wèn)題；推廣國(guó)家職業(yè)教育質(zhì)量評(píng)估體系；提高勞動(dòng)收入吸引優(yōu)秀的高校畢業(yè)生進(jìn)入到教育、保健衛(wèi)生、科研領(lǐng)域。但俄羅斯社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型過(guò)程中也存在一些問(wèn)題。如：經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型中的社會(huì)公平問(wèn)題；收入分配制度方面問(wèn)題；社會(huì)保障問(wèn)題；產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整問(wèn)題；以及經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型中的政策失誤等。 通過(guò)分析和總結(jié)俄羅斯經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型的各個(gè)方面，提出促進(jìn)俄羅斯經(jīng)濟(jì)順利發(fā)展的對(duì)策建議。制度上的建議：必須要恢復(fù)國(guó)家中央的權(quán)力，完善相關(guān)的法律法規(guī)；俄羅斯政府應(yīng)該進(jìn)一步對(duì)國(guó)家的稅收制度進(jìn)行完善；建立有別以往的私有化制度。國(guó)家宏觀政策上：進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)體制上的改革，很大程度上是因?yàn)檫@樣有利于吸引外國(guó)投資，并且有力地減少通貨膨脹的發(fā)生幾率；建立一個(gè)符合國(guó)情的財(cái)政政策和貨幣政策，這就涉及到稅收領(lǐng)域，完善稅收政策，增強(qiáng)國(guó)家對(duì)貨幣，稅收等各個(gè)領(lǐng)域的控制力；規(guī)范國(guó)家金融市場(chǎng)。在金融領(lǐng)域也需要進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新，完善銀行、證券公司等的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)。經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行環(huán)境上最重要的就是改善投資環(huán)境，包括本國(guó)投資及吸引外國(guó)投資者對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)投資。俄羅斯經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展是一個(gè)長(zhǎng)期探索的過(guò)程，路途是漫長(zhǎng)的，但前途是光明的。
[Abstract]:The Russian economic transformation, which began in the 1990 s, is an important part of the evolution of Russian economic system. Russia has undergone dramatic changes in politics, economy, society and life during this period. After more than ten years of economic transformation, Russia has basically established the western capitalist economic system in the economy, and has basically completed the transformation to the western political system in politics. Through the analysis and research on the current research situation at home and abroad, this paper makes a deep discussion and analysis on the performance and existing problems of Russia's economic transformation, according to the economic knowledge learned, based on the objective historical conditions and the international and domestic environment of world development. Put forward the countermeasures and suggestions to promote the smooth development of Russian economy. The evolution of Russia's economic transformation has passed through the radical economic transformation of Yeltsin era, the gradual economic transformation of Putin government and the economic transformation of the combination of Mayp and Pumei. Among them, the performance of Russian economic transformation in the comprehensive national strength: to improve the comprehensive strength of Russia; to carry out active industrial policies, reasonable structural policies; to establish an effective financial system. In terms of social productive capacity: large enterprise groups help Russia to participate in international competition and improve Russia's international competitiveness; the population policy adopted by Russia in the last decade has achieved certain results, and the proportion of labor force has been increased. Develop high technology. In terms of people's living standards: to solve the housing and employment problems of the people; to promote the quality evaluation system of national vocational education; to raise labor income to attract outstanding college graduates into the fields of education, health care and scientific research. However, there are also some problems in the process of social and economic transformation in Russia. Such as: social equity in economic transformation; income distribution system; social security; industrial structure adjustment; and policy mistakes in economic transformation. By analyzing and summarizing all aspects of Russian economic transformation, the paper puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to promote the smooth development of Russian economy. Institutional suggestions: it is necessary to restore the power of the central government and improve the relevant laws and regulations; the Russian government should further improve the state tax system; and establish a different privatization system. In terms of national macroeconomic policy: reform of the economic system is carried out in large part because it is conducive to attracting foreign investment and reducing the probability of inflation; and the establishment of a fiscal and monetary policy that is in line with the national conditions, This involves the tax field, the improvement of tax policy, the enhancement of national control over currency, taxation and other fields, and the regulation of national financial markets. In the field of finance, we also need to innovate and improve the infrastructure construction of banks, securities companies and so on. The most important thing in the economic environment is to improve the investment environment, including domestic investment and attracting foreign investors to invest at home. Russia's economic development is a long-term exploration process, the road is long, but the future is bright.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F151.2

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