本文關(guān)鍵詞： 收入差距 經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng) 時(shí)序特征 倒U型　出處：《安徽大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：1978年改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)取得了舉世矚目的發(fā)展成就,年均經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)率處于9%以上的水平。我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)在保持高速增長(zhǎng)的同時(shí),城鄉(xiāng)居民的收入發(fā)生了深刻的變化,即居民的收入呈現(xiàn)出了不均衡的增長(zhǎng),從改革初期的適中合理的收入差距到現(xiàn)今的收入差距持續(xù)擴(kuò)大,這種收入非均衡的增長(zhǎng)在未來(lái)仍持續(xù)相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)的一段時(shí)期,它已經(jīng)嚴(yán)重地影響到了我國(guó)宏觀(guān)經(jīng)濟(jì)健康平穩(wěn)的發(fā)展和社會(huì)和諧。因此,在我國(guó)現(xiàn)實(shí)的經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境下,研究我國(guó)居民收入差距與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)之間的關(guān)系是十分必要的。 本文首先梳理了收入差距與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)之間的“倒U型”理論及其發(fā)展,主要從從庫(kù)茲涅茨的“倒U型”假說(shuō)、區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不平衡的“倒U型”假說(shuō)、劉易斯---費(fèi)景漢---拉尼斯的兩部門(mén)經(jīng)濟(jì)模型、以及區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)的二元經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)理論加以論述,這些理論進(jìn)一步為本文分析我國(guó)居民收入差距與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)之間提供了有價(jià)值的研究基礎(chǔ)。緊接著,本文根據(jù)前文的“倒U型”理論基礎(chǔ),研究了我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距伴隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的不同階段所呈現(xiàn)出的時(shí)序征,即改革初期以農(nóng)村為主的經(jīng)濟(jì)體制改革,居民收入差距趨于縮小態(tài)勢(shì)；隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)改革的重點(diǎn)由農(nóng)村轉(zhuǎn)移到城市,居民收入差距開(kāi)始呈擴(kuò)大趨勢(shì)；這為下文分析我國(guó)居民收入差距的經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng)提供了事實(shí)依據(jù)。 接下來(lái),本文剖析了我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)進(jìn)程中收入差距的經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng),主要從兩個(gè)方面加以論述：一方面,合理的收入差距對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)產(chǎn)生正向經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng),主要從物質(zhì)資本積累效應(yīng)、居民消費(fèi)需求效應(yīng)、資源配置優(yōu)化效應(yīng)加以剖析；另一方面,擴(kuò)大的收入差距對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)產(chǎn)生負(fù)向經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng),分別從物質(zhì)資本投資的阻抑效應(yīng)、人力資本積累、居民消費(fèi)規(guī)模與結(jié)構(gòu),以及社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定方面展開(kāi)論述的。最后,本文根據(jù)我國(guó)居民收入差距與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)所呈現(xiàn)的現(xiàn)實(shí)依據(jù),通過(guò)運(yùn)用SVAR模型實(shí)證分析了我國(guó)居民收入差距與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)之間存在的關(guān)系,研究結(jié)果表明：居民收入差距與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)、投資需求、消費(fèi)需求呈“倒U型”特征,進(jìn)一步支持了本文的研究理論基礎(chǔ)。同時(shí)本文也通過(guò)面板數(shù)據(jù)模型實(shí)證分析了我國(guó)區(qū)域間的居民收入差距與經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)呈現(xiàn)“倒U型”特征,且從長(zhǎng)期的角度來(lái)看,收入差距的差距在未來(lái)時(shí)期將會(huì)縮小,會(huì)改善經(jīng)濟(jì)在長(zhǎng)期中均衡性的增長(zhǎng),這種均衡性的關(guān)系存在是可能的,但是需要相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)的一段時(shí)期才可能會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up in 1978, China's economy has made remarkable achievements, with an average annual economic growth rate of more than 9%. At the same time, China's economy is growing at a high speed. The income of urban and rural residents has undergone profound changes, that is, the income of residents has shown uneven growth, from the moderate and reasonable income gap at the beginning of the reform to the continuous expansion of the current income gap. This income imbalance in the future is still a very long period of time, it has seriously affected the healthy and stable development of China's macro economy and social harmony. Therefore, in the actual economic environment of our country. It is necessary to study the relationship between income gap and economic growth. This paper firstly combs the "inverted U" theory and its development between income gap and economic growth, mainly from Kuznets'"inverted U" hypothesis and the "inverted U" hypothesis of unbalanced regional economic development. Lewis-Feicheng-Lanis's two-sector economic model and the dual economic structure theory of regional economy are discussed. These theories provide a valuable basis for this paper to analyze the income gap and economic growth in China. Then, according to the previous "inverted U-shaped" theoretical basis. This paper studies the time series of income gap between urban and rural residents with different stages of economic development, that is, the rural economic system reform in the early stage of reform, the income gap tends to narrow; As the focus of economic reform shifted from rural to urban, the income gap of residents began to expand; This provides a factual basis for the following analysis of the economic effects of income gap in China. Then, this paper analyzes the economic effects of income gap in the process of economic growth in China, mainly from two aspects: on the one hand, reasonable income gap has positive economic effects on economic growth. Mainly from the material capital accumulation effect, the resident consumption demand effect, the resources allocation optimization effect to analyze; On the other hand, the widening income gap has a negative economic effect on economic growth, from the inhibition effect of material capital investment, the accumulation of human capital, the consumption scale and structure of residents. And social harmony and stability. Finally, according to the income gap and economic growth of the real basis. Through the empirical analysis of the relationship between the income gap and economic growth in China by using the SVAR model, the results show that: the income gap of residents and economic growth, investment demand. Consumer demand is characterized by "inverted U" pattern. At the same time, through panel data model, this paper empirically analyzes the income gap and economic growth in different regions of China with the characteristics of "inverted U-shaped". And from a long-term perspective, the income gap will shrink in the future, will improve the economic growth in the long-term equilibrium, this equilibrium relationship is possible. But it will take quite a long time to achieve it.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F124.7;F224

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