商標權與表達自由的沖突與協(xié)調(diào)
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-07 17:59
【摘要】：商標權與表達自由沖突的表現(xiàn)及原因可從表達自由和商標權兩方面分別論述。對表達自由自身的判例及理論來說,也根據(jù)表達內(nèi)容的性質(zhì)為商業(yè)或非商業(yè)表達提供不同程度的保護。盡管這種劃分被部分研究者質(zhì)疑,但劃分本身仍被大多數(shù)研究者多遵循。并且,在表達自由法理的發(fā)展歷程中,商標權并非一個特別突出的因素。表達自由也沒有因此專門就商標權發(fā)展出一些特別的抗辯。這兩方面的原因導致在商標權與表達自由的沖突中,表達自由得不到的充分保護。商標權與表達自由沖突的表現(xiàn)及原因還可從商標權角度論述,且商標權的擴張是造成沖突的主要原因。商標權的擴張表現(xiàn)為混淆理論適用范圍的擴大和淡化理論的提出,權利性質(zhì)上主要是禁止他人使用商標范圍的擴大。商標權的擴張需要構建自身的理論正當性。商標功能和功能的闡釋成為商標權人支撐其主張的根據(jù)。此外,商標權人乃至商標自身政治|經(jīng)濟|文化等維度的變化客觀上也使得商標成為表達自由的重要工具。這些政治、經(jīng)濟乃至文化現(xiàn)象中對商標的使用不必然屬于商標權人禁止權的范疇。然而,商標權人并不這樣認為,堅持從商標權的視角將這些使用行為囊括進禁止權的范圍,是導致同表達自由沖突的根本原因。對商標權和表達自由的協(xié)調(diào)問題,本文對歐盟和美國在立法和司法實踐中發(fā)展出的理論及其不足進行了考察。歐盟和美國由于法律傳統(tǒng)的不同,在大致趨近的前提下發(fā)展出各自的協(xié)調(diào)方法。其中商標權和表達自由分別成為協(xié)調(diào)的主要方面。在最后,本文對我國在商標立法和司法實踐中存在的問題進行了剖析。立法上存在的問題主要是混淆理論擅自引入淡化因素。司法上存在的問題是對混淆理論的任意使用和裁判標準的不一致問題。最后,本文借鑒歐盟和美國的方法,為我國立法和司法政策的改善提出一些建議。
[Abstract]:The expression and reason of the conflict between trademark right and freedom of expression can be discussed from two aspects: freedom of expression and trademark right. According to the nature of the expression content, it also provides varying degrees of protection for the commercial or non-commercial expression in the jurisprudence and theory of freedom of expression itself. Although this division is questioned by some researchers, the division itself is still followed by most researchers. Moreover, trademark right is not a particularly prominent factor in the development of freedom of expression. Freedom of expression has not therefore developed special defences against trademark rights. These two reasons lead to the insufficient protection of freedom of expression in the conflict between trademark right and freedom of expression. The expression and reason of the conflict between trademark right and freedom of expression can also be discussed from the angle of trademark right, and the expansion of trademark right is the main cause of the conflict. The expansion of trademark rights is manifested in the expansion of the scope of application of the confusion theory and the introduction of the dilution theory. The nature of the rights is mainly the expansion of the scope of prohibiting others from using trademarks. The expansion of trademark rights needs to build its own theoretical legitimacy. The interpretation of trademark functions and functions becomes the basis for trademark owners to support their claims. In addition, the changes of the dimensions of trademark owner and trademark itself, such as political, economic, cultural and so on, make trademark an important tool for freedom of expression. The use of trademarks in these political, economic and cultural phenomena does not necessarily belong to the scope of trademark rights. However, the trademark owners do not think so, insisting on including these use actions in the scope of the prohibition right from the perspective of trademark rights is the fundamental reason leading to the conflict with freedom of expression. On the issue of coordination between trademark rights and freedom of expression, this paper examines the theories and deficiencies developed in legislation and judicial practice in the European Union and the United States. The European Union and the United States have developed their respective coordination methods under the premise of approximate convergence due to the difference of legal traditions. Among them, trademark right and freedom of expression are respectively the main aspects of coordination. Finally, this paper analyzes the problems in trademark legislation and judicial practice in China. The main problem in legislation is the introduction of dilution factors into the confusion theory without authorization. The problem in the judicature is the inconsistency between the arbitrary use of the confusion theory and the standard of adjudication. Finally, this paper proposes some suggestions for the improvement of our country's legislation and judicial policy by using the European Union and the United States for reference.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D923.43
本文編號：2367604
[Abstract]:The expression and reason of the conflict between trademark right and freedom of expression can be discussed from two aspects: freedom of expression and trademark right. According to the nature of the expression content, it also provides varying degrees of protection for the commercial or non-commercial expression in the jurisprudence and theory of freedom of expression itself. Although this division is questioned by some researchers, the division itself is still followed by most researchers. Moreover, trademark right is not a particularly prominent factor in the development of freedom of expression. Freedom of expression has not therefore developed special defences against trademark rights. These two reasons lead to the insufficient protection of freedom of expression in the conflict between trademark right and freedom of expression. The expression and reason of the conflict between trademark right and freedom of expression can also be discussed from the angle of trademark right, and the expansion of trademark right is the main cause of the conflict. The expansion of trademark rights is manifested in the expansion of the scope of application of the confusion theory and the introduction of the dilution theory. The nature of the rights is mainly the expansion of the scope of prohibiting others from using trademarks. The expansion of trademark rights needs to build its own theoretical legitimacy. The interpretation of trademark functions and functions becomes the basis for trademark owners to support their claims. In addition, the changes of the dimensions of trademark owner and trademark itself, such as political, economic, cultural and so on, make trademark an important tool for freedom of expression. The use of trademarks in these political, economic and cultural phenomena does not necessarily belong to the scope of trademark rights. However, the trademark owners do not think so, insisting on including these use actions in the scope of the prohibition right from the perspective of trademark rights is the fundamental reason leading to the conflict with freedom of expression. On the issue of coordination between trademark rights and freedom of expression, this paper examines the theories and deficiencies developed in legislation and judicial practice in the European Union and the United States. The European Union and the United States have developed their respective coordination methods under the premise of approximate convergence due to the difference of legal traditions. Among them, trademark right and freedom of expression are respectively the main aspects of coordination. Finally, this paper analyzes the problems in trademark legislation and judicial practice in China. The main problem in legislation is the introduction of dilution factors into the confusion theory without authorization. The problem in the judicature is the inconsistency between the arbitrary use of the confusion theory and the standard of adjudication. Finally, this paper proposes some suggestions for the improvement of our country's legislation and judicial policy by using the European Union and the United States for reference.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：D923.43
【參考文獻】
相關期刊論文 前4條
1 杜穎;;地名商標的可注冊性及其合理使用——從“百家湖”案談起[J];法學;2007年11期
2 蘇平;胡海容;李慶;;論商標侵權中“商標使用”的判斷標準[J];法律適用;2013年01期
3 彭學龍;;信息經(jīng)濟學視角下的商標制度[J];知識產(chǎn)權;2012年08期
4 徐聰穎;;商標與商譽關系的再思考——由 “王老吉”商標的法律紛爭說起[J];知識產(chǎn)權;2012年09期
相關博士學位論文 前1條
1 秦潔;商標淡化研究[D];西南政法大學;2012年
，本文編號：2367604
本文鏈接：http://www.sikaile.net/jingjilunwen/zhengzhijingjixuelunwen/2367604.html
最近更新
教材專著
