東歐轉(zhuǎn)軌國(guó)家養(yǎng)老金改革的比較制度分析
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-27 17:50
【摘要】：1989年前后,東歐國(guó)家經(jīng)歷了政治體制和經(jīng)濟(jì)體制上的雙重變化。在政治上,從原來的社會(huì)主義向資本主義轉(zhuǎn)變。在經(jīng)濟(jì)上,從高度集中的計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)體制向市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制轉(zhuǎn)變。傳統(tǒng)的養(yǎng)老金制度顯然不能適應(yīng)新的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)的發(fā)展。與此同時(shí),東歐國(guó)家進(jìn)入了老齡化社會(huì),據(jù)預(yù)測(cè)未來20年人口老齡化速度最快的地區(qū)就是東歐。一方面在轉(zhuǎn)型的過程中經(jīng)濟(jì)急劇衰退,另一方面人口老齡化不斷加劇,這勢(shì)必將對(duì)其養(yǎng)老金制度產(chǎn)生壓力。為了讓養(yǎng)老金制度適應(yīng)新的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,東歐各國(guó)紛紛對(duì)其養(yǎng)老金制度進(jìn)行了改革。十一屆三中全會(huì)后,從計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)向市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的過渡在我國(guó)全面展開,因此,我國(guó)也有著與東歐國(guó)家十分相似的發(fā)展經(jīng)歷。我國(guó)是一個(gè)“未富先老”的國(guó)家,即在我國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展還沒有達(dá)到發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的水平前,我國(guó)就已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了人口老齡化問題,并且在建立社會(huì)統(tǒng)籌與個(gè)人賬戶相結(jié)合的養(yǎng)老金制度的過程中,我國(guó)還出現(xiàn)了隱性債務(wù)等歷史遺留問題。隨著人口老齡化進(jìn)程的加快,我國(guó)養(yǎng)老金制度的可持續(xù)性面臨著嚴(yán)重的挑戰(zhàn)。由于我國(guó)與東歐國(guó)家存在諸多相似的地方,因此,對(duì)東歐轉(zhuǎn)軌國(guó)家養(yǎng)老金制度的改革進(jìn)行研究,將有助于為我國(guó)養(yǎng)老金制度的改革提供寶貴的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 與以往大多數(shù)研究東歐國(guó)家養(yǎng)老金制度的文章相比,本論文突破了單純從技術(shù)機(jī)制層面對(duì)東歐國(guó)家養(yǎng)老金制度進(jìn)行研究的局限性。從歷史的維度和比較的視角出發(fā),基于比較制度分析的方法,對(duì)東歐國(guó)家養(yǎng)老金制度改革的背景、改革的動(dòng)力、養(yǎng)老金制度的路徑選擇進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)的比較分析,并揭示出東歐轉(zhuǎn)軌國(guó)家養(yǎng)老金制度改革的內(nèi)生性和特質(zhì)性。這也是本論文最主要的一個(gè)創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)。雖然本論文從歷史、經(jīng)濟(jì)、政治、人口以及政黨和工會(huì)力量等角度,對(duì)東歐國(guó)家養(yǎng)老金制度的產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展和演變進(jìn)行了整體的分析和跨學(xué)科的研究,但是,由于東歐國(guó)家養(yǎng)老制度的相關(guān)資料并不完全公開,有些數(shù)據(jù)無法獲取,因此在一定程度上影響了本論文的研究深度。 第一章主要介紹了選題的背景,國(guó)內(nèi)外對(duì)東歐國(guó)家養(yǎng)老金制度改革的研究現(xiàn)狀,論文主要采用的研究方法以及相關(guān)概念的界定。 第二章主要從政治經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)派和新古典學(xué)派兩個(gè)角度對(duì)養(yǎng)老金制度的起源做出了詳細(xì)的理論闡釋,并對(duì)西歐國(guó)家養(yǎng)老金制度的發(fā)展歷程做了清晰的梳理和歸納。研究任何一個(gè)問題都應(yīng)該溯本求源,對(duì)養(yǎng)老金制度起源相關(guān)理論的研究有助于更加清晰的分析轉(zhuǎn)型時(shí)期東歐國(guó)家養(yǎng)老金制度改革的深層次原因。 第三章首先闡述了轉(zhuǎn)軌時(shí)期,東歐國(guó)家的社會(huì)、政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)和人口因素的變化對(duì)養(yǎng)老金制度的改革所產(chǎn)生的影響。接下來概括總結(jié)了轉(zhuǎn)軌時(shí)期東歐各國(guó)養(yǎng)老金制度變革的主要內(nèi)容和路徑選擇。最后選取了波蘭、捷克、匈牙利這三個(gè)典型的國(guó)家,著重對(duì)其養(yǎng)老金制度改革的動(dòng)力、改革的主要內(nèi)容、變革過程中遇到的阻力及其原因進(jìn)行深層次的挖掘。 第四章主要分析了新的政治經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)下養(yǎng)老金制度演變的主要內(nèi)容以及在演變過程中遇到的障礙。并結(jié)合新經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)下波蘭和匈牙利兩個(gè)國(guó)家養(yǎng)老金制度演變的案例,進(jìn)一步探討東歐國(guó)家養(yǎng)老金制度未來的發(fā)展路徑。 第五章主要利用比較制度分析的方法,分別從養(yǎng)老金制度改革的背景、動(dòng)力、改革內(nèi)容和路徑選擇等角度,對(duì)東歐國(guó)家養(yǎng)老金制度的改革做出了具體的比較分析。在對(duì)其做出比較分析的基礎(chǔ)上,概括總結(jié)了東歐國(guó)家養(yǎng)老金制度改革所取得的成就和存在的不足之處。 第六章在對(duì)東歐國(guó)家養(yǎng)老金制度的改革進(jìn)行比較分析的基礎(chǔ)上,找出其有益的做法和嘗試,希望對(duì)我國(guó)養(yǎng)老金的改革和發(fā)展提供有益的政策與建議。
[Abstract]:Around 1989, Eastern European countries experienced double changes in political and economic systems. Politically, they changed from socialism to capitalism. Economically, they changed from a highly centralized planned economy to a market economy. The traditional pension system obviously could not adapt to the development of the new political and economic situation. At the same time, Eastern European countries have entered an aging society. It is predicted that the fastest aging population in the next 20 years will be Eastern Europe. On the one hand, the economy will decline sharply in the process of transformation, on the other hand, the aging population will continue to intensify, which is bound to exert pressure on their pension system. In order to adapt the pension system to the new political economy. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the transition from a planned economy to a market economy has been fully launched in China. Therefore, China has a very similar development experience with Eastern European countries. Before the level of developed countries, the problem of population aging has already appeared in our country, and in the process of establishing the pension system which combines social pooling with personal accounts, there are still some problems left over by history, such as hidden debts. With the acceleration of population aging process, the sustainability of our pension system is facing serious challenges. Because there are many similarities between China and Eastern European countries, the study of pension system reform in Eastern European transitional countries will be helpful to provide valuable experience for China's pension system reform.
Compared with most previous articles on pension system in Eastern European countries, this paper breaks through the limitation of researching pension system in Eastern European countries from the perspective of technical mechanism. This paper makes a systematic comparative analysis of the motive force and the path choice of pension system, and reveals the endogeneity and particularity of pension system reform in Eastern European transitional countries. The emergence, development and evolution of the degree of the overall analysis and interdisciplinary research, but, as the Eastern European countries pension system related information is not fully open, some data can not be obtained, so to a certain extent affected the depth of this paper.
The first chapter mainly introduces the background of the topic, the research status of pension system reform in Eastern European countries at home and abroad, the main research methods and the definition of related concepts.
In the second chapter, the origin of pension system is explained in detail from the perspective of political economics and neoclassical school, and the development process of pension system in Western European countries is summarized clearly. It helps to analyze the deeper reasons for the reform of the pension system in Eastern European countries in the transition period.
Chapter three firstly expounds the influence of social, political, economic and demographic factors on the pension system reform in Eastern European countries during the transition period. Then it summarizes the main contents and path choice of pension system reform in Eastern European countries during the transition period. The state, focusing on its pension system reform momentum, the main content of reform, the resistance encountered in the process of change and its reasons for a deep-seated excavation.
The fourth chapter mainly analyzes the main contents of pension system evolution under the new political and economic situation and the obstacles encountered in the process of evolution.
The fifth chapter makes a concrete comparative analysis of pension system reform in Eastern European countries from the perspectives of the background, motive force, content and path choice of pension system reform. Achievements and shortcomings.
Chapter Six, on the basis of comparative analysis of pension system reform in Eastern European countries, finds out its beneficial practices and attempts, hoping to provide useful policies and suggestions for the reform and development of pension system in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F841.67
本文編號(hào)：2207995
[Abstract]:Around 1989, Eastern European countries experienced double changes in political and economic systems. Politically, they changed from socialism to capitalism. Economically, they changed from a highly centralized planned economy to a market economy. The traditional pension system obviously could not adapt to the development of the new political and economic situation. At the same time, Eastern European countries have entered an aging society. It is predicted that the fastest aging population in the next 20 years will be Eastern Europe. On the one hand, the economy will decline sharply in the process of transformation, on the other hand, the aging population will continue to intensify, which is bound to exert pressure on their pension system. In order to adapt the pension system to the new political economy. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, the transition from a planned economy to a market economy has been fully launched in China. Therefore, China has a very similar development experience with Eastern European countries. Before the level of developed countries, the problem of population aging has already appeared in our country, and in the process of establishing the pension system which combines social pooling with personal accounts, there are still some problems left over by history, such as hidden debts. With the acceleration of population aging process, the sustainability of our pension system is facing serious challenges. Because there are many similarities between China and Eastern European countries, the study of pension system reform in Eastern European transitional countries will be helpful to provide valuable experience for China's pension system reform.
Compared with most previous articles on pension system in Eastern European countries, this paper breaks through the limitation of researching pension system in Eastern European countries from the perspective of technical mechanism. This paper makes a systematic comparative analysis of the motive force and the path choice of pension system, and reveals the endogeneity and particularity of pension system reform in Eastern European transitional countries. The emergence, development and evolution of the degree of the overall analysis and interdisciplinary research, but, as the Eastern European countries pension system related information is not fully open, some data can not be obtained, so to a certain extent affected the depth of this paper.
The first chapter mainly introduces the background of the topic, the research status of pension system reform in Eastern European countries at home and abroad, the main research methods and the definition of related concepts.
In the second chapter, the origin of pension system is explained in detail from the perspective of political economics and neoclassical school, and the development process of pension system in Western European countries is summarized clearly. It helps to analyze the deeper reasons for the reform of the pension system in Eastern European countries in the transition period.
Chapter three firstly expounds the influence of social, political, economic and demographic factors on the pension system reform in Eastern European countries during the transition period. Then it summarizes the main contents and path choice of pension system reform in Eastern European countries during the transition period. The state, focusing on its pension system reform momentum, the main content of reform, the resistance encountered in the process of change and its reasons for a deep-seated excavation.
The fourth chapter mainly analyzes the main contents of pension system evolution under the new political and economic situation and the obstacles encountered in the process of evolution.
The fifth chapter makes a concrete comparative analysis of pension system reform in Eastern European countries from the perspectives of the background, motive force, content and path choice of pension system reform. Achievements and shortcomings.
Chapter Six, on the basis of comparative analysis of pension system reform in Eastern European countries, finds out its beneficial practices and attempts, hoping to provide useful policies and suggestions for the reform and development of pension system in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F841.67
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 韋璞;;捷克養(yǎng)老金制度改革的困境與抉擇[J];俄羅斯中亞東歐市場(chǎng);2010年11期
2 鄭秉文,陸渝梅;名義賬戶制:波蘭社會(huì)保障改革的有益嘗試[J];俄羅斯中亞東歐研究;2005年03期
3 鄭秉文;郭倩;;拉脫維亞“名義賬戶制”運(yùn)行十年的政策評(píng)估——兼評(píng)三支柱體系的架構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)[J];俄羅斯中亞東歐研究;2006年05期
4 朱曉中;;轉(zhuǎn)型九問——寫在中東歐轉(zhuǎn)型20年之際[J];俄羅斯中亞東歐研究;2009年06期
5 熊軍;高謙;;金融危機(jī)對(duì)全球養(yǎng)老基金的影響[J];國(guó)際金融研究;2010年04期
6 丁建定;20世紀(jì)英國(guó)養(yǎng)老金制度的歷史演進(jìn)[J];南都學(xué)壇;2002年02期
7 楊建海;;西方國(guó)家養(yǎng)老金制度的起源及影響因素[J];蘭州學(xué)刊;2012年02期
8 若非;社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)面面觀——捷克養(yǎng)老保障制度[J];當(dāng)代世界;1995年02期
9 仇雨臨;黃小勇;;歐盟新老成員國(guó)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度改革比較[J];歐洲研究;2007年04期
10 亞諾什·科爾內(nèi),詹小洪;匈牙利福利制度的改革[J];改革;1997年02期
，本文編號(hào)：2207995
本文鏈接：http://www.sikaile.net/jingjilunwen/zhengzhijingjixuelunwen/2207995.html
最近更新
教材專著
