本文選題：對外直接投資 + 政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)　； 參考：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國實(shí)施“走出去”戰(zhàn)略以來,隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展和綜合國力的提升,中國對美國的直接投資呈現(xiàn)迅猛增長的態(tài)勢。然而,中國投資美國也面臨著較高的政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)研究是對政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)表現(xiàn)和影響因素的綜合分析,本文首先總結(jié)了前人對政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的研究成果,并針對當(dāng)今國際政治經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢的發(fā)展特點(diǎn),建立了一個(gè)政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的新分析框架。結(jié)合中國對美國直接投資的案例,借鑒前人對政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)研究的既有成果和運(yùn)用新分析框架對中國在美國投資的政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行分析。中國在美國直接投資的政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)主要有四類：國家安全審查風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)移限制風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、投資保護(hù)主義風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、經(jīng)濟(jì)民族主義和社會(huì)不穩(wěn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。中國投資美國面臨政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的原因包括：國際體系層面,中美兩國的結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾日益突出,特別是中美在生產(chǎn)結(jié)構(gòu)中的競爭性質(zhì),主要表現(xiàn)為中美在全球能源市場的競爭格局；國家行為體層面,包括美國國內(nèi)政治因素和經(jīng)濟(jì)因素的影響,美國政府的政治決策易受國會(huì)政治和利益集團(tuán)的影響,導(dǎo)致對涉及國內(nèi)同類領(lǐng)域外來投資的保護(hù)主義風(fēng)險(xiǎn)加大,國家安全審查也將趨于嚴(yán)格；美國國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇乏力導(dǎo)致國內(nèi)保護(hù)主義進(jìn)一步抬頭、引發(fā)經(jīng)濟(jì)民族主義的高漲和社會(huì)不安定因素的增加；國家互動(dòng)層面,中美兩國對國家與市場關(guān)系的認(rèn)知差異和中美經(jīng)貿(mào)摩擦的擴(kuò)大是形成我國對美國直接投資面臨投資保護(hù)主義風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)移限制風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和對國有企業(yè)的安全審查風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的重要原因。分析表明美國政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)對我國投資美國的重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目造成了嚴(yán)重負(fù)面影響,在國際、國內(nèi)和國家互動(dòng)三個(gè)層面的影響下,中國投資美國未來還將面臨這些風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。文章認(rèn)為,中國在美國直接投資政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的根源是由于我國國家主導(dǎo)型經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展模式不同于西方自由市場資本主義發(fā)展模式,美國擔(dān)憂中國企業(yè),尤其是中國國有企業(yè)走出去會(huì)對美國的自由市場經(jīng)濟(jì)原則構(gòu)成挑戰(zhàn),并進(jìn)一步對美國掌控國際政治經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序主導(dǎo)權(quán)構(gòu)成威脅,因此,美國為維護(hù)現(xiàn)有國際政治經(jīng)濟(jì)秩序主導(dǎo)權(quán)而對中國對美直接投資進(jìn)行遏制。值得指出的是,中國對美國直接投資的政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)背后凸顯了我國體制和經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的固有弊病。海外投資對于促進(jìn)我國企業(yè)內(nèi)部改革、改進(jìn)公司治理結(jié)構(gòu)以及打造具備全球運(yùn)營能力的跨國公司具有巨大的推動(dòng)作用,因此對中國投資美國政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的研究在某種程度上為我國深化市場經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的改革,培育真正的跨國公司和提升我國的國際競爭力提供了一個(gè)契機(jī)。
[Abstract]:Since the implementation of the "going out" strategy, with the rapid development of economy and the promotion of comprehensive national strength, China's direct investment in the United States has shown a rapid growth trend. However, China's investment in the United States also faces a higher political risk. The study of political risk is a comprehensive analysis of the expression of political risk and the influencing factors. This paper first summarizes the previous research results on political risk, and aims at the development characteristics of the current international political and economic situation. A new analytical framework for political risks has been established. Combined with the case of China's direct investment in the United States, this paper analyzes the political risk of China's investment in the United States by referring to the existing achievements of the previous researches on political risk and using the new analytical framework to analyze the political risks of China's investment in the United States. There are four kinds of political risks for China's direct investment in the United States: national security review risk, technology transfer restriction risk, investment protectionism risk, economic nationalism risk and social instability risk. The reasons why China invests in the United States face political risks include: at the level of international system, the structural contradictions between China and the United States are becoming increasingly prominent, especially the competitive nature of China and the United States in the production structure, which is mainly manifested in the competitive pattern of China and the United States in the global energy market; At the level of national actors, including domestic political and economic factors in the United States, political decisions of the United States Government are vulnerable to Congressional political and interest groups, resulting in increased protectionist risks to foreign investment in similar areas of the country, The national security review will also become more stringent; the weak domestic economic recovery in the United States will lead to a further rise in domestic protectionism, which will lead to the upsurge of economic nationalism and an increase in social unrest; and the level of national interaction. The cognitive differences between China and the United States on the relationship between the state and the market and the expansion of Sino-US economic and trade frictions are the important reasons for China's direct investment in the United States to face the risk of investment protectionism, the risk of technology transfer restrictions and the risk of security review of state-owned enterprises. The analysis shows that the political risk of the United States has a serious negative impact on China's investment in key projects in the United States. Under the influence of international, domestic and national interaction, China's investment in the United States will also face these risks in the future. The article holds that the political risk of China's direct investment in the United States is rooted in the fact that China's state-led economic development model is different from that of western free-market capitalism, and the United States is worried about Chinese enterprises. In particular, the fact that Chinese state-owned enterprises go out will challenge the principles of the free market economy in the United States and further threaten the dominance of the international political and economic order by the United States. In order to maintain the dominant power of the existing international political and economic order, the United States curbs China's direct investment in the United States. It is worth pointing out that the political risk of China's direct investment in the United States highlights the inherent drawbacks of China's system and economic development. Overseas investment plays an important role in promoting the internal reform of Chinese enterprises, improving the corporate governance structure and building multinational corporations with global operational capabilities. Therefore, the study on the political risk of Chinese investment in the United States provides an opportunity for our country to deepen the reform of the market economy system, cultivate the real multinational corporations and enhance the international competitiveness of our country to a certain extent.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F125;F171.2

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