本文選題：法律術(shù)語(yǔ)　切入點(diǎn)：法文化差異　出處：《西南政法大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著中國(guó)快速的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和不斷上升的國(guó)際地位,我國(guó)大量的法律文件已被翻譯成外文。同時(shí),為了更順利地在國(guó)際社會(huì)中參與政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng),我們已經(jīng)加快了向國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)的步伐。我們不可避免地要學(xué)習(xí)別國(guó)的立法經(jīng)驗(yàn),尤其是英語(yǔ)國(guó)家的立法經(jīng)驗(yàn),這要求對(duì)其相關(guān)法律文件的翻譯。由于法律術(shù)語(yǔ)包含在這些法律材料中,那么在進(jìn)行法律翻譯時(shí)也會(huì)涉及到對(duì)法律術(shù)語(yǔ)的翻譯。由于法律術(shù)語(yǔ)是法律語(yǔ)言的一個(gè)基本成分,其翻譯的好壞將會(huì)決定整個(gè)法律文本的翻譯質(zhì)量。然而,由于源語(yǔ)和譯語(yǔ)文化(尤其是法律文化)的不同,譯者很難在譯語(yǔ)中找到確切對(duì)等詞。因此,翻譯法律術(shù)語(yǔ)翻譯變得十分困難和棘手。本文力圖從功能對(duì)等途徑探討法律文化差異影響下的法律術(shù)語(yǔ)翻譯。筆者首先介紹法律文化這一概念,包括它的定義、結(jié)構(gòu)和特征。筆者接著再介紹法律術(shù)語(yǔ)的定義、來(lái)源以及特征的基礎(chǔ)上分析了法律術(shù)語(yǔ)翻譯的現(xiàn)狀以及存在的問(wèn)題。通過(guò)分析筆者發(fā)現(xiàn)法律術(shù)語(yǔ)翻譯存在諸如望文生義、找不到對(duì)等詞以及盲目直譯等問(wèn)題。而法律文化的差異則是造成這些問(wèn)題的重要原因之一。筆者接著從法律制度、民族文化和思維模式三個(gè)層面分析法律文化差異對(duì)法律術(shù)語(yǔ)翻譯的影響。在理論層面上作者學(xué)習(xí)了奈達(dá)的功能對(duì)等理論和薩爾耶維奇的功能對(duì)等觀點(diǎn)。二者都強(qiáng)調(diào)翻譯意味著交際,翻譯要強(qiáng)調(diào)效果。薩爾耶維奇還針對(duì)法律翻譯的需要對(duì)功能對(duì)等的程度作了更加細(xì)致的劃分:接近對(duì)等、部分對(duì)等、不對(duì)等�；谒_爾耶維奇的分類,以Cao的相關(guān)理論為補(bǔ)充,并以陳忠誠(chéng)的經(jīng)典例證為語(yǔ)料,筆者從四個(gè)方面分析了法律術(shù)語(yǔ)的翻譯方法:概念對(duì)等時(shí)可以進(jìn)行直譯;接近對(duì)等時(shí)可以找出功能對(duì)等詞;部分對(duì)等時(shí)可以進(jìn)行詞義擴(kuò)展;不對(duì)等時(shí)可以釋義、使用中性詞、借詞和創(chuàng)造新詞。無(wú)論采取何種法律方法,其目的都是為了能在目的語(yǔ)法律文化中找出相對(duì)應(yīng)的詞以便譯語(yǔ)讀者能得到和源語(yǔ)讀者相同的信息。
[Abstract]:With the China rapid economic growth and rising international status, China's large number of legal documents have been translated into foreign languages. At the same time, in order to successfully participate in politics, in the international community in economic activities, we have to accelerate the pace of learning from abroad. We will learn the legislative experience of other countries, especially the legislation experience in English speaking countries, the requirements of the relevant legal documents translation. Because the legal terms contained in these legal materials, so in the legal translation will be involved in the translation of legal terminology. Because the legal terminology is a basic component of legal language, the translation quality will determine the quality of the whole legal translation the text. However, because of the source language and the target language culture (especially legal culture) is different, it is difficult for translators to find the exact equivalents in the target language. Therefore, the translation of legal terminology translation becomes It is very difficult and difficult. This paper tries to explore the translation of legal terms under the influence of legal cultural differences from the functional equivalence approach. The author first introduces the concept of legal culture, including its definition, structure and characteristics. The author then introduces the definition of legal terms, based on the characteristics of the source and the analysis of the current situation and existing legal terminology translation the problem. Through the analysis the author found that the translation of legal terminology such as the words too literally, can not find the words, such as literal translation and blind problem. Different legal culture is one of the important reasons for these problems. Then the author from the legal system, analysis of the impact of legal cultural differences on the translation of legal terminology of the three aspects of national culture and mode of thinking at the theoretical level. The author studied Nida's functional equivalence theory and Sal Ossip's theory of functional equivalence view. All two emphasizes that translation means A communication, translation should emphasize the effect. Sal Ossip is also necessary for the legal translation of functional equivalence degree were divided more detailed: near equivalence, partial equivalence, non equivalence. Sal Ossip's classification based on theories related to Cao is added, and with the classic example of Chen Zhong Cheng as the corpus, the author analyzes the translation the method of legal terms from four aspects: the concept of equivalence can be literal translation; functional equivalence can be found near equivalence partial equivalence words; can not be the meaning extension; definitions, use neutral words, Loanwords and creating new words. Whatever the legal method, its purpose is to target in law find out the word culture to the target readers and the source language readers can get the same information.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：H315.9

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