本文選題：中老年女性　切入點(diǎn)：太極拳　出處：《大連理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)目前已有2億人口超過(guò)了60歲,預(yù)計(jì)10年之后,60歲以上的人口數(shù)量將超過(guò)3億。人口老齡化問(wèn)題已經(jīng)成為全社會(huì)關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。它不僅是個(gè)人和家庭的現(xiàn)實(shí)問(wèn)題,它涉及政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、社會(huì)等領(lǐng)域。積極應(yīng)對(duì)人口老齡化關(guān)系到國(guó)計(jì)民生、民族興衰和國(guó)家的長(zhǎng)治久安。 中老年婦女進(jìn)入老年之后,身體各機(jī)能開(kāi)始下降,并且由于她們社會(huì)角色的特殊性,使其步入老年后的健康狀況不容樂(lè)觀。我們需要通過(guò)一些有效的方法來(lái)改善老年人的生理機(jī)能,延緩衰老,調(diào)節(jié)心理健康狀況。全民健身計(jì)劃的實(shí)施開(kāi)展,便體現(xiàn)了社會(huì)對(duì)中老年群體健康狀況的重視。健身舞和太極拳都屬于有氧健身項(xiàng)目,并且在全民健身中廣受老年人喜愛(ài),也有相關(guān)研究證實(shí)科學(xué)合理的體育鍛煉可以改善老年人的體質(zhì)健康。 本文采用回顧性研究,針對(duì)平常有長(zhǎng)期規(guī)律性堅(jiān)持太極拳或健身舞運(yùn)動(dòng)的中老年女性,以及沒(méi)有規(guī)律性運(yùn)動(dòng)習(xí)慣的中老年女性,分析探討不同類型的有氧健身鍛煉對(duì)老年女性體質(zhì)健康的影響。通過(guò)多方面分析太極拳、健身舞與無(wú)規(guī)律運(yùn)動(dòng)組的老年女性與體質(zhì)健康的關(guān)系,對(duì)老年人如何有效延長(zhǎng)衰老,進(jìn)一步提高抗衰老能力,預(yù)防疾病及如何科學(xué)進(jìn)行體育鍛煉,提供了理論實(shí)踐依據(jù)。對(duì)創(chuàng)建和諧社會(huì)具有一定的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本研究在自愿參與體質(zhì)測(cè)試的48名大連理工大學(xué)退休女教師中,通過(guò)樣本數(shù)據(jù)的整理,選取30人作為本研究分析的研究對(duì)象,平均年齡59.6歲。樣本分為3組,分別是健身舞組10人,太極拳組10人,無(wú)規(guī)律運(yùn)動(dòng)組10人。共進(jìn)行四項(xiàng)測(cè)試內(nèi)容：身體成分測(cè)試,骨密度測(cè)試,心肺功能測(cè)試,靜態(tài)平衡測(cè)試。分別使用的儀器是：TBF-418B人體脂肪測(cè)量?jī)x,Achilles超聲骨強(qiáng)度儀,功率車cateyeec-1200, Bismarck SuperBalance平衡訓(xùn)練測(cè)試系統(tǒng)。輸出數(shù)據(jù)變量共近百項(xiàng)。應(yīng)用SPSS18.0軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)處理,測(cè)量結(jié)果均以平均值+標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差(Mean±SD)表示,采用單因素方差分析ANOVA進(jìn)行各組間的差異顯著性檢驗(yàn),同時(shí)也采用了獨(dú)立樣本T檢驗(yàn),配對(duì)樣本T檢驗(yàn),相關(guān)性分析,回歸分析等統(tǒng)計(jì)方法。 結(jié)論可知長(zhǎng)期系統(tǒng)參與有氧運(yùn)動(dòng)的老年女性的若干體質(zhì)機(jī)能明顯好于沒(méi)有系統(tǒng)鍛煉習(xí)慣的老年女性。但是也有不少測(cè)試數(shù)值差異并不明顯,原因有很多。中老年女性參與戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)的主要目的是在閑暇時(shí)間運(yùn)動(dòng)達(dá)到精神上的滿足,強(qiáng)身健體之余,可以增進(jìn)人際交往,解除孤獨(dú)煩悶,娛樂(lè)身心。身心健康,缺一不可。
[Abstract]:At present, 200 million people in China are over 60 years old, and the number of people over 60 years old is expected to exceed 300 million in 10 years' time.The problem of population aging has become the focus of attention of the whole society.It is not only a personal and family problem, it involves political, economic, cultural, social and other fields.Actively dealing with the aging of the population has a bearing on the national economy and people's livelihood, the rise and fall of the nation, and the long-term stability of the country.After entering old age, the body functions of middle-aged and aged women begin to decline, and because of the particularity of their social role, their health condition after entering old age is not optimistic.We need some effective ways to improve the physical function of the elderly, delay aging, and regulate mental health.The implementation of the National Fitness Program reflects the importance the society attaches to the health status of the elderly.Body-building dance and Taijiquan are both aerobic fitness items, and they are widely loved by the elderly in the national fitness. There are also related studies to prove that scientific and reasonable physical exercise can improve the physical health of the elderly.In this paper, a retrospective study was carried out on the middle-aged and elderly women who usually adhere to Taijiquan or fitness dance with long-term regularity, as well as middle-aged and elderly women who do not have regular exercise habits.The effects of different types of aerobic exercise on the physical health of elderly women were analyzed and discussed.Through the analysis of the relationship between the elderly women and physical health in Taijiquan, fitness dance and irregular exercise group, how to prolong aging effectively, further improve the ability of anti-aging, prevent diseases and how to carry out physical exercise scientifically.The theoretical and practical basis is provided.It is of practical significance to build a harmonious society.In this study, among 48 retired female teachers of Dalian University of Technology who volunteered to participate in the physical fitness test, 30 women were selected as the subjects of this study through the collation of sample data, with an average age of 59.6 years.The samples were divided into 3 groups, 10 in fitness dance group, 10 in Taijiquan group and 10 in irregular exercise group.Four tests were conducted: body composition test, bone mineral density test, cardiopulmonary function test, static balance test.The instruments used were Achilles ultrasonic bone strength meter, eyecatec-1200, Bismarck SuperBalance balance training system.Output data variables a total of nearly 100.The statistical data were processed by SPSS18.0 software. The results were all expressed as mean standard deviation (mean 鹵SDD). The difference between each group was tested by single factor variance analysis (ANOVA). At the same time, independent sample T test and paired sample T test were used.Correlation analysis, regression analysis and other statistical methods.Conclusion the physical function of the elderly women who participate in aerobic exercise for a long time is obviously better than that of the old women who do not have the habit of systematic exercise.But there are also a lot of test value differences are not obvious, there are many reasons.The main purpose of the middle-aged and elderly women to participate in outdoor sports is to achieve spiritual satisfaction in their leisure time, to strengthen their physical and mental health, to promote interpersonal communication, to relieve their loneliness and boredom, and to entertain their bodies and minds.Physical and mental health is indispensable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：大連理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：G852.11;G831.3

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