本文選題：近代技術(shù)觀　切入點(diǎn)：道器并重　出處：《廣西大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：技術(shù)觀對(duì)國(guó)家科技政策的制定、對(duì)技術(shù)和技術(shù)文化的發(fā)展都有重要作用。研究我國(guó)近代技術(shù)觀產(chǎn)生和轉(zhuǎn)變的過(guò)程,總結(jié)近代技術(shù)觀的產(chǎn)生及其經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn),可為現(xiàn)代科技進(jìn)步、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展提供更多借鑒。 本文從近代技術(shù)觀產(chǎn)生的背景入手,分析其產(chǎn)生的社會(huì)原因與思想根源。系統(tǒng)研究之后,可以把中國(guó)近代技術(shù)觀的產(chǎn)生與轉(zhuǎn)變分為三個(gè)階段：第一階段是“道器并重”技術(shù)觀的提出,將技術(shù)整體上升為與道德相同的社會(huì)地位,對(duì)技術(shù)的重要作用有了全面的認(rèn)識(shí)；第二階段是“以技強(qiáng)國(guó)”技術(shù)觀的形成與強(qiáng)化,它克服了“師夷之長(zhǎng)技以制夷”的片面思想,使國(guó)人對(duì)技術(shù)的重要地位又有了更加深刻的認(rèn)識(shí)；第三階段是“物質(zhì)救國(guó)”技術(shù)觀的總結(jié),認(rèn)識(shí)到技術(shù)是一個(gè)整體,技術(shù)強(qiáng)國(guó)更是一個(gè)大系統(tǒng),必須從科學(xué)、政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)等方面來(lái)認(rèn)識(shí)技術(shù)、發(fā)展技術(shù),才能最終達(dá)到目的。 在此三階段中,歷史重大事件如西學(xué)東漸、鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、洋務(wù)運(yùn)動(dòng)、戊戌變法、甲午戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)都對(duì)近代技術(shù)的產(chǎn)生與轉(zhuǎn)變有重大影響；而歷史重要人物李之藻、徐光啟、宋應(yīng)星、魏源、曾國(guó)藩、李鴻章、康有為、譚嗣同、梁?jiǎn)⒊热艘矊?duì)近代技術(shù)觀的提出與提煉作出了突出貢獻(xiàn)。限于篇幅及個(gè)人能力,本文簡(jiǎn)略地評(píng)價(jià)歷史事件對(duì)技術(shù)觀的影響,有選擇性地分析歷史人物對(duì)技術(shù)觀的認(rèn)識(shí),最后總結(jié)近代技術(shù)觀的特點(diǎn)與得失,對(duì)“經(jīng)世致用”技術(shù)觀要進(jìn)行合理的揚(yáng)棄,對(duì)外開(kāi)放要堅(jiān)持理性的張揚(yáng),要重視國(guó)家技術(shù)觀建設(shè),建構(gòu)更系統(tǒng)全面的現(xiàn)代技術(shù)觀。
[Abstract]:The concept of technology plays an important role in the formulation of national science and technology policy as well as in the development of technology and technology culture. To study the process of the emergence and transformation of modern technology view in China and to sum up the emergence of modern technology view and its experience and lessons can be regarded as the progress of modern science and technology. Economic development provides more reference. Starting with the background of the emergence of modern technology view, this paper analyzes the social reasons and ideological roots of its emergence. It can be divided into three stages of the emergence and transformation of Chinese modern technology view: the first stage is the putting forward of the technology view of "the Tao and the instrument equally", raising the technology as a whole to the same social status as morality, and having a comprehensive understanding of the important role of technology; The second stage is the formation and strengthening of the technology view of "using technology to make a strong country", which overcomes the one-sided thought of "master the long skill of the Yi" and makes people have a deeper understanding of the important position of technology. The third stage is a summary of the concept of "material saving the nation". It is recognized that technology is a whole, and the powerful country of technology is a large system. We must understand and develop technology from the aspects of science, politics, economy and so on, so that we can finally achieve our goal. In these three stages, major historical events, such as the introduction of western learning to the east, the Opium War, the Westernization Movement, the Reform Movement of 1898 and the Sino-Japanese War of 1895, all had a significant impact on the emergence and transformation of modern technology, while the historical important figures Li Zhizao, Xu Guangqi, Song Yingxing, Wei Yuan, Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang, Kang Youwei, Kang Youwei, Kang Youwei and so on have also made outstanding contributions to the presentation and refinement of the modern technology view. Limited to space and personal ability, this paper briefly evaluates the influence of historical events on the view of technology. Selectively analyzing the historical figures' understanding of the concept of technology, finally summing up the characteristics, gains and losses of the view of modern technology, giving a reasonable sublation to the concept of "applying the world to the world", and opening up to the outside world to insist on rational publicity. Attention should be paid to the construction of a national view of technology and a more systematic and comprehensive view of modern technology.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：N02

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