本文關(guān)鍵詞： 改革開放 基礎體育教育 教育改革 價值取向 變遷　出處：《湖南師范大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：本文是對改革開放以來,我國基礎體育教育改革的變遷,以及從這種變遷過程中探討每一階段體育教育改革的價值取向。因此本研究通過相關(guān)文獻的統(tǒng)計分析,從政治、經(jīng)濟、文化等社會背景的發(fā)展變化出發(fā),試圖對基礎學校體育和基礎體育教育改革的推進歷程進行詮釋與分析,并注重不同時期的基礎體育教育改革的內(nèi)容對價值取向的影響,理性的進行評價與反思,探究基礎體育教育更加合理的發(fā)展方向。以史為鑒,可知興衰。對于歷史的回顧,有助于創(chuàng)新,更能促進基礎體育教育改革的深入發(fā)展。本文結(jié)論是:1、縱觀我國基礎體育教育改革和價值取向的變遷,經(jīng)歷了三個階段:恢復調(diào)整階段(1978一1991)主導價值取向是“體質(zhì)體育”;探索過渡階段,主導價值取向(1992一2000)是“素質(zhì)體育”和“終身體育”;全面改革和快速發(fā)展階段(2001--至今)主導價值取向是以“健康第一”為目的的“人本體育”。2、價值取向變遷的特點:從體育教育目標角度看實現(xiàn)了由由單一的價值取向向多元價值取向的轉(zhuǎn)變,即由單方面的“社會本位”或“知識本位”價值取向向多元的“社會、知識、個人”三位一體的價值取向轉(zhuǎn)變;從體育教學性質(zhì)角度實現(xiàn)了由“工具性”價值取向向“內(nèi)在性”價值取向的轉(zhuǎn)變;從體育教育自身發(fā)展角度實現(xiàn)了由技能體育向體質(zhì)體育、體質(zhì)體育向素質(zhì)體育、素質(zhì)體育向終身體育、終身體育向人本體育價值取向的逐步轉(zhuǎn)變。3、我國的基礎體育教育價值取向變遷的矛盾與沖突:價值主體間“二元對立”的價值沖突;改革過程中“應然”與“實然”價值的沖突。這種沖突的出現(xiàn)反映了我國基礎體育教育改革價值取向變遷的必然性。4、影響我國基礎體育教育改革價值取向變遷的主要因素有內(nèi)部根源和外部根源。內(nèi)部根源是基礎體育教育改革中同一主體的多元需求導致價值選擇兩難。外部根源是基礎體育教育的多樣性,即不同主體之間價值選擇的矛盾,社會政治、經(jīng)濟、文化、教育等發(fā)展環(huán)境多樣化的影響等。5、本文建議基礎學校體育教育要回歸“生活世界”,體育教育教學實現(xiàn)真實生活情境轉(zhuǎn)化;在未來的基礎體育教育中要繼續(xù)追求“人本體育”價值取向,注重“生命體育、生存體育和生活體育”價值追求;同時基礎體育教育要注重人文精神的體現(xiàn),傳承體育文化,從理論到行動;我國基礎體育教育改革及價值取向的選擇上要著眼于未來社會發(fā)展的需要,注重知識、社會和個人三位一體的價值取向,著力構(gòu)建學校、家庭、社會三位一體的基礎學校體育教育新格局,以追求階段效益和長遠效益相結(jié)合;在未來的價值取向選擇上要面向社會發(fā)展新需要,因材施教,兼顧學生的體質(zhì)、心理、個性、體育興趣、社會責任感和體育文化等各個方面的需要。
[Abstract]:This paper discusses the changes of basic physical education reform in China since the reform and opening up, and discusses the value orientation of physical education reform in every stage from this change process. Based on the development and change of culture and other social backgrounds, this paper attempts to explain and analyze the course of the reform of basic school physical education and basic physical education, and pays attention to the influence of the content of basic physical education reform on the value orientation in different periods. Rational evaluation and reflection, explore the basic physical education more reasonable direction of development. Learn from history, we can see the rise and fall. The review of history, conducive to innovation, This paper concludes that the reform of basic physical education and the changes of value orientation in China are reviewed. It has gone through three stages: the stage of recovery and adjustment from 1978 to 1991) the dominant value orientation is "physique sports", and the stage of exploration and transition, Leading value orientation (1992-2000) is "quality sports" and "lifelong sports"; overall reform and rapid development stage (2001-2000); leading value orientation is "people-oriented sports" .2with the aim of "health first", the change of value orientation is special. Point: from the point of view of the goal of physical education, the transformation from the single value orientation to the multiple value orientation has been realized. That is, from the unilateral value orientation of "social standard" or "knowledge standard" to the pluralistic value orientation of "society, knowledge and individual"; From the point of view of the nature of physical education, it realizes the transformation from "instrumental" value orientation to "intrinsic" value orientation, from the point of view of the development of physical education itself, from skill sports to physique sports, physique sports to quality sports. Quality sports to lifelong sports, life-long sports to people-oriented sports value orientation of gradual transformation. 3, China's basic physical education value orientation changes of contradictions and conflicts: value between the main body of "dual opposition" value conflict; The conflict between "ought" and "real" value in the process of reform, which reflects the inevitability of the change of value orientation in the reform of basic physical education in our country, and influences the change of value orientation of reform of basic physical education in our country. The main factors are internal and external. The internal root is the value choice dilemma caused by the multiple demands of the same subject in the reform of basic physical education, and the external root is the diversity of basic physical education. That is, the contradiction of value choice between different subjects, social politics, economy, culture, This paper suggests that physical education in basic schools should return to the "life world" and realize the transformation of the real life situation in the physical education teaching. In the future basic physical education, we should continue to pursue the value orientation of "humanistic sports", attach importance to the value pursuit of "life sports, survival sports and life sports", at the same time, basic physical education should pay attention to the embodiment of humanistic spirit and inherit sports culture. From theory to action, the reform of basic physical education and the choice of value orientation in our country should focus on the needs of future social development, pay attention to the value orientation of knowledge, society and individual, and focus on the construction of schools and families. The new pattern of physical education in basic schools, which is a trinity of society, should be combined with the pursuit of stage and long-term benefits, and the choice of value orientation in the future should be geared to the new needs of social development, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, giving consideration to students' physique, psychology and individuality, Sports interests, social responsibility and sports culture and other aspects of the needs.
【學位授予單位】：湖南師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G633.96

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