本文關(guān)鍵詞： 風險識別 高新技術(shù) 歐盟 本土化　出處：《清華大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著全球經(jīng)濟一體化的深入發(fā)展，上世紀90年代開始經(jīng)濟發(fā)展就已經(jīng)不是單一國家和地區(qū)指標所能體現(xiàn)，市場的不斷擴大特別是21世紀以來網(wǎng)絡的普及促進了全球范圍內(nèi)的經(jīng)濟的快速融合，一些國際化企業(yè)也在每天接受來自不同地區(qū)的風險和挑戰(zhàn)，2009年開始的歐債危機導致歐盟的進口額驟減，中國作為歐盟第一大貿(mào)易伙伴，傳統(tǒng)的中小型出口依賴型企業(yè)面臨著極大的生存危機，一些國內(nèi)的高新技術(shù)企業(yè)借機走出國門，采取投資和本土化發(fā)展的方式主動改變現(xiàn)有局面，促進企業(yè)國際化經(jīng)營發(fā)展的同時，也經(jīng)受了前所未有的國際化發(fā)展困難，特別是對于在歐盟發(fā)展所面臨的政治、經(jīng)濟、文化等方面的沖擊使得一些高新企業(yè)在未能全面分析利弊的情況下在歐盟的投資或是合作始終處于高風險中。 全球經(jīng)濟關(guān)聯(lián)性的增強使得國內(nèi)一些傳統(tǒng)貿(mào)易型企業(yè)不甘于現(xiàn)狀，但受自身綜合條件的限制，在國際化進程中面臨許多不確定的因素，但我們應該清醒的意識到，無論是來自于系統(tǒng)內(nèi)部還是外部的環(huán)境，都使得高新企業(yè)不得不選擇國際化發(fā)展作為前進的道路，只有發(fā)展才不會被新的經(jīng)濟環(huán)境淘汰，同時，企業(yè)在如此發(fā)展的過程中又處于動態(tài)的各類風險之中，特別是一些企業(yè)在本土化的進行中，受人才、法規(guī)、文化、惡性競爭的環(huán)境的限制，使風險產(chǎn)生了傳導效應，如果不加以控制，則后果不堪設(shè)想，這種條件下對風險的時時掌控顯得尤為重要，控制風險首先要從感知風險開始，正確的識別企業(yè)在國際化發(fā)展中的階段和該階段可能面臨的風險，是本文主要研究的內(nèi)容之一。 本文主要以國內(nèi)高新企業(yè)在歐盟的本土化發(fā)展為研究對象，通過系統(tǒng)的分析歐盟自身的客觀經(jīng)濟、政治和文化環(huán)境，結(jié)合我國高新技術(shù)企業(yè)的特點，采用一體化的國際風險感知模型為分析手段，，提煉出具有區(qū)域性本土化特點的風險識別目錄，并以國內(nèi)高新技術(shù)企業(yè)在歐盟本土化發(fā)展的實際情況作為案例，系統(tǒng)的分析風險特征，采用層次分析法對案例中的定性與定量的風險指標作權(quán)重分析，并得出歐盟內(nèi)發(fā)展風險識別權(quán)重的具體數(shù)據(jù)，進而規(guī)范我國高新技術(shù)企業(yè)在歐盟內(nèi)的風險識別標準流程，建立一套完善的國際經(jīng)營風險識別機制，希望能對一些想在歐盟本土化發(fā)展的國內(nèi)高新技術(shù)企業(yè)提供科學的決策方法，并對向其他地區(qū)進行本土化發(fā)展的國內(nèi)企業(yè)有所啟發(fā)。
[Abstract]:With the further development of global economic integration, economic development has not been reflected by a single country or region since -10s. The expanding market, especially since 21th century, has promoted the rapid integration of the global economy, and a number of international enterprises are accepting the risks and challenges from different regions on a daily basis. In 2009, the European debt crisis led to a sharp drop in EU imports. As the EU's largest trading partner, the traditional small and medium-sized export-dependent enterprises are facing a great survival crisis. Some domestic high-tech enterprises take advantage of the opportunity to go abroad, take the initiative to change the existing situation by means of investment and localization development, and at the same time promote the development of enterprises' international operation. It has also experienced unprecedented difficulties in international development, especially in the political and economic development of the European Union. The impact of culture makes the investment or cooperation of some high-tech enterprises in the EU always at high risk without a comprehensive analysis of the pros and cons. The strengthening of the global economic relevance makes some domestic traditional trading enterprises not willing to the status quo, but due to the constraints of their own comprehensive conditions, there are many uncertain factors in the process of internationalization. However, we should be aware that whether from the internal or external environment of the system, high-tech enterprises have to choose internationalization as the way forward. Only development will not be eliminated by the new economic environment, at the same time, enterprises in the process of such development in the dynamic various risks, especially some enterprises in the process of localization, by talent, laws, culture. The environment of vicious competition limits the risk to produce the conduction effect, if not controlled, the consequence is unthinkable, under this kind of condition, it is very important to control the risk from time to time. The first step to control risk is to perceive the risk. It is one of the main contents of this paper to correctly identify the risk that the enterprise may face in the stage of internationalization development. This paper focuses on the localization of domestic high-tech enterprises in the European Union as the object of study, through a systematic analysis of the EU's own objective economic, political and cultural environment, combined with the characteristics of high-tech enterprises in China. By using the integrated international risk perception model as an analytical means, this paper abstracts the risk identification catalogue with regional localization characteristics, and takes the actual development of domestic high-tech enterprises in EU as a case. Systematic analysis of risk characteristics, the use of AHP qualitative and quantitative risk indicators in the case weight analysis, and the development of risk identification weight in the EU specific data. And then standardize the risk identification standard process of our high-tech enterprises in the European Union, and establish a set of perfect international management risk identification mechanism. It is hoped that it can provide a scientific decision-making method for some domestic high and new technology enterprises that want to develop locally in the European Union, and enlighten the local enterprises in other regions.
【學位授予單位】：清華大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F276.44;F272.3

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