發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-01 10:36

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：中西方對(duì)外傳播話語(yǔ)權(quán)制度建構(gòu)的比較研究　出處：《武漢大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 新聞制度 對(duì)外傳播 話語(yǔ)權(quán) 制度權(quán)力 中西比較

【摘要】：當(dāng)代社會(huì)是由若干相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)且半自主的制度秩序所構(gòu)成。制度是一種權(quán)力關(guān)系,社會(huì)制度的功能體現(xiàn)在其權(quán)力行使中。新聞制度因其“社會(huì)介質(zhì)”的制度特性而成為社會(huì)整體制度沖突與互動(dòng)的平臺(tái)。在對(duì)新聞制度的社會(huì)行為結(jié)果作出解釋時(shí),一方面要考量新聞制度本身的制度自主性所產(chǎn)生的制度效率,同時(shí)更需將其與社會(huì)制度環(huán)境因素之間的相互作用優(yōu)先加以評(píng)估才具有足夠的闡釋力。 本文將影響新聞制度行為結(jié)果的社會(huì)制度權(quán)力關(guān)系因素主要概括為國(guó)家政治制度、經(jīng)濟(jì)制度和社會(huì)文化制度三要素。新聞制度與其他社會(huì)制度(主要是政治經(jīng)濟(jì)制度)之間的權(quán)力關(guān)系以及新聞制度自身的權(quán)力因素將共同作用于新聞話語(yǔ)的制度化形塑過(guò)程以及結(jié)果。 對(duì)外傳播話語(yǔ)權(quán)是新聞制度對(duì)國(guó)家話語(yǔ)的建構(gòu)結(jié)果。話語(yǔ)權(quán)建構(gòu)是處在特定制度情境即社會(huì)權(quán)力關(guān)系中的新聞制度,通過(guò)話語(yǔ)建構(gòu)來(lái)行使其制度權(quán)力、建構(gòu)社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)的過(guò)程。話語(yǔ)的制度建構(gòu)過(guò)程是制度(權(quán)力關(guān)系)運(yùn)用話語(yǔ)(符號(hào)權(quán)力)建構(gòu)社會(huì)想象和社會(huì)認(rèn)同,并通過(guò)制度化、職業(yè)化和一體化的實(shí)施,最終實(shí)現(xiàn)社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)建構(gòu)的過(guò)程。新聞制度是話語(yǔ)權(quán)建構(gòu)過(guò)程的實(shí)施者,也是話語(yǔ)權(quán)建構(gòu)結(jié)果的決定因素之一 社會(huì)制度權(quán)力的行使是指權(quán)力關(guān)系通過(guò)社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)建構(gòu)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)其社會(huì)生活的“普遍存在”,權(quán)力的行使者運(yùn)用制度權(quán)力建構(gòu)“普遍真理”并框架社會(huì)行為。所謂“普遍真理”,意即社會(huì)權(quán)力的“知識(shí)”框架,是社會(huì)制度權(quán)力的擁有者(民族國(guó)家或群體)建構(gòu)、傳播以供人們應(yīng)用的一整套社會(huì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和規(guī)范體系。在特定的社會(huì)制度情境中,話語(yǔ)實(shí)踐的權(quán)力關(guān)系模式形成了正式的“知識(shí)”系統(tǒng),新聞制度既是知識(shí)系統(tǒng)的參與建構(gòu)者同時(shí)也是知識(shí)的介質(zhì)系統(tǒng),話語(yǔ)的建構(gòu)過(guò)程亦是知識(shí)系統(tǒng)的框架過(guò)程。 基于對(duì)制度行為的效果評(píng)估,本文建構(gòu)了較為廣泛的新聞制度分析框架,將新聞制度與整體社會(huì)制度之間的互動(dòng)關(guān)系一起納入影響話語(yǔ)權(quán)建構(gòu)這一社會(huì)行為結(jié)果的影響因素分析的概念框架中,用以評(píng)估新聞制度的有效性,同時(shí)也解釋了新聞制度的社會(huì)權(quán)力關(guān)系對(duì)制度行為的影響。 中西方新聞制度的差異,究其根源是中西方新聞制度理論原則的根本差異。在中西方對(duì)外傳播話語(yǔ)權(quán)制度建構(gòu)的發(fā)展歷程中,中西方新聞制度的原則差異決定了其話語(yǔ)建構(gòu)過(guò)程和結(jié)果的根本差異,其中話語(yǔ)沖突是政治制度根本差異的最顯著符號(hào)表征。對(duì)新聞事件和新聞話語(yǔ)的接近是制度權(quán)力話語(yǔ)再現(xiàn)的主要元素,本文通過(guò)對(duì)中美兩國(guó)對(duì)外傳播媒體的新聞話語(yǔ)分析驗(yàn)證了中西方社會(huì)制度優(yōu)先權(quán)力順序的差異以及權(quán)力壟斷程度和媒介文化的不同。 中西方對(duì)外傳播話語(yǔ)權(quán)建構(gòu)差異的制度影響因素主要來(lái)自新聞的社會(huì)制度權(quán)力關(guān)系模式的差異,它導(dǎo)致了新聞制度權(quán)力的制度偏好與差異,其中政治制度和經(jīng)濟(jì)制度對(duì)新聞話語(yǔ)生產(chǎn)功能的促進(jìn)和抑制是話語(yǔ)建構(gòu)差異的最顯著制度影響因素。通過(guò)對(duì)中美兩國(guó)媒體的政治話語(yǔ)進(jìn)行內(nèi)容分析,本文系統(tǒng)證明了經(jīng)濟(jì)驅(qū)動(dòng)型的美國(guó)新聞制度與政治驅(qū)動(dòng)型的中國(guó)新聞制度在新聞話語(yǔ)基調(diào)和新聞圖式使用中呈現(xiàn)的顯著差異。商業(yè)化的洶涌浪潮正在逐漸消減中西方國(guó)家的經(jīng)濟(jì)差距,對(duì)外傳播中的新聞話語(yǔ)功能也呈現(xiàn)國(guó)際融合的趨勢(shì),然而受政治制度影響的中西方新聞話語(yǔ)框架差異卻幾乎未曾改變。 對(duì)外傳播話語(yǔ)權(quán)的制度建構(gòu)是新聞制度對(duì)話語(yǔ)生產(chǎn)的專業(yè)化和制度化建構(gòu)過(guò)程。按照社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)二重性的觀點(diǎn),建構(gòu)中國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的新聞專業(yè)化權(quán)力即新聞知識(shí)系統(tǒng)的制度化,以及從國(guó)家介入的角度,建立更具制度分配優(yōu)勢(shì)的話語(yǔ)傳播新機(jī)制,將是我國(guó)媒體在激烈競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的國(guó)際傳播中提升對(duì)外傳播話語(yǔ)權(quán)的制度優(yōu)化路徑。
[Abstract]:The contemporary society is composed of several competing order system and semi autonomous system. Is a kind of power relation, social system function embodied in the exercise of power. The news system because the system characteristics of the "social media" and become the social conflict and interaction system of the whole platform. In the explanation of social behavior of news system the results, on the one hand to produce independent institutional efficiency considerations news institution itself, but also the interaction between the social system and environmental factors have priority evaluated explanatory power enough.
The social system will affect the power factor of news system behavior results mainly summarized as the national political system, economic system and social culture system. The three elements of the news system and other social systems (mainly the political and economic system) and the power relations between the power factor of the news itself will help institutionalized in news discourse form the plastic process and results.
External communication discourse is the result of the construction of national discourse in news discourse. The system construction is in a specific institutional context that social power relations in the news system, through the discourse construction to exercise their power system, the construction process of the social reality. The process of constructing discourse system is a system (power) by discourse (symbolic power construction) social imagination and social identity, and through the system, the implementation of occupation and integration, and ultimately the process of the construction of social reality. News discourse system is the implementation of the construction process, and it is also one of the decisive factors of discourse construction construction results
The social system of the exercise of power refers to the power relations through the construction of social reality to realize the social life of "universal", an exercise of power by using power system to construct the "universal truth" and the framework of social behavior. The so-called "universal truth", which means the social power of the "knowledge" is the social system framework, the holders of power (nation or group) to construct a set of standards and norms, social communication system for people to use. In the social system in a particular situation, discourse practice power mode to form the formal "knowledge" system, news system is a knowledge system in the construction of media system is also the knowledge of the construction process of discourse it is the frame of knowledge system.
Evaluation on system behavior based on the construction of a relatively wide range of news system analysis framework, the interaction between news system and overall social system together into the conceptual framework to analyze influencing factors of discourse construction of the social behavior results in the effectiveness evaluation system of the news, but also explained. The news system of social power relations of the system behavior.
The differences between Chinese and Western news system, the reason is the fundamental differences between Chinese and Western news system theory principle. The development process of construction of Western foreign media discourse right in the principle, the differences between Chinese and Western news system determines the fundamental differences in the discourse construction process and results, which is the most significant Conflict Discourse symbols of political system fundamental differences. Close to news events and news discourse is the main element of the system of power discourse representation, based on news discourse analysis of the two countries foreign media to verify the social system of Western power and power order of priority between monopoly and media culture.
In the dissemination of Western foreign construction of institutional factors were mainly from news relationship model of social power system differences, which led to the preference system news system power and differences, the political and economic system of news discourse production function promotion and inhibition is the most significant factor affecting the system difference. The content of discourse construction through the analysis of political discourse of Chinese and American media, this paper proved the significant difference of economy driven by U.S. News and political system driven China news system in news discourse and tone news schema is used. The commercial tide is gradually reducing the economic gap in western countries, the news discourse function in external communication the present international integration trend, but in the Western news discourse frame difference by the political system has almost no influence Once changed.
The construction of external communication discourse system is a specialized and systematic construction of news discourse production system. According to the duality of social structure point of view, the system of news professional power construction China standard: news of knowledge system, and from the angle of state intervention, establishing a more dominant discourse system of the distribution of the spread of new mechanism. Is the system path optimization of China's media to promote international communication discourse in the international media in the fierce competition.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：G206
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本文編號(hào)：1364185