本文關(guān)鍵詞： 商業(yè)銀行 小微企業(yè) 信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制　出處：《暨南大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展，小微企業(yè)已經(jīng)成為我國(guó)國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)持續(xù)發(fā)展壯大的重要力量之一。但是從目前來(lái)看，對(duì)大多數(shù)小微企業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō),獲得資金并不是輕而易舉的事情。近年來(lái)，，國(guó)家不斷加大對(duì)小微企業(yè)的關(guān)注與支持，用銀行貸款的方式促進(jìn)小微企業(yè)的快速成長(zhǎng)勢(shì)在必行。但對(duì)于銀行來(lái)講，貸款的有效管理和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制實(shí)質(zhì)上就是商業(yè)銀行對(duì)資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量的有效管理和合理配置的問(wèn)題，信貸資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量的好壞，不僅直接決定著銀行自身以及金融業(yè)能否生存發(fā)展，而且對(duì)整個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和社會(huì)的穩(wěn)定有著重要的影響。如何提高信貸效率，有效控制小微企業(yè)的信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)己經(jīng)成為我國(guó)商業(yè)銀行當(dāng)前亟待解決的重要課題。 我國(guó)商業(yè)銀行的小微企業(yè)信貸規(guī)模呈現(xiàn)出快速平穩(wěn)的發(fā)展態(tài)勢(shì)，小微企業(yè)貸款以抵押形式為主，質(zhì)保形式貸款余額占比有所上升，我國(guó)銀行針對(duì)小微企業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制體系和監(jiān)管機(jī)制，發(fā)揮了較為積極的作用。但是，我國(guó)銀行對(duì)小微企業(yè)的信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制普遍存在著信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估建設(shè)滯后、貸款類型單一、貸款審查制度欠規(guī)范、缺乏針對(duì)小微貸款風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制機(jī)制等問(wèn)題，這些問(wèn)題主要是由于信息不對(duì)稱、微型貸款的成本較高、銀行缺乏信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制思想、小微企業(yè)自身的內(nèi)部控制不健全等原因所造成的。針對(duì)我國(guó)銀行對(duì)小微企業(yè)信貸業(yè)務(wù)中所面臨的問(wèn)題，提出了明確小微企業(yè)客戶市場(chǎng)、明確信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的可控性和可交易性原則、全面控制小微企業(yè)信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、針對(duì)小微企業(yè)不同的信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)類型，運(yùn)用各種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范手段、嚴(yán)格控制小微企業(yè)信貸業(yè)務(wù)流程的創(chuàng)新優(yōu)化思路，并從經(jīng)營(yíng)管理思路、貸款營(yíng)銷(xiāo)、貸前調(diào)查、貸款審查、貸款審批、貸后管理方面提出了科學(xué)可行的對(duì)策。本文以我國(guó)某商業(yè)銀行為例，對(duì)小微企業(yè)信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)控制進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)深入的研究，不僅對(duì)我國(guó)銀行未來(lái)小微貸款的發(fā)展起到了指導(dǎo)作用，對(duì)其他銀行發(fā)展小微企業(yè)貸款也具有借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, small and micro enterprises have become one of the important forces in the sustainable development of our national economy. However, at present, it is not easy for most small and micro enterprises to obtain funds. It is imperative for the state to pay more attention to and support small and micro enterprises, and to promote the rapid growth of small and micro enterprises by means of bank loans. But for banks, In essence, the effective management and risk control of loans is the effective management and rational allocation of assets quality in commercial banks. The quality of credit assets not only directly determines whether the banks themselves and the financial industry can survive and develop. How to improve the credit efficiency and effectively control the credit risk of small and micro enterprises has become an important issue to be solved urgently in commercial banks of our country. The credit scale of small and micro enterprises of commercial banks in our country is developing rapidly and steadily. The loans of small and micro enterprises are mainly in the form of mortgage, and the balance of loans in the form of quality assurance has increased. The risk control system and supervision mechanism designed by Chinese banks for small and micro enterprises have played a more active role. However, the credit risk control of small and micro enterprises in our country is generally lagging behind in credit risk assessment. The problems of single loan type, imperfect loan review system, and lack of risk control mechanism for small and micro loans are mainly due to asymmetric information, high cost of micro-loans, lack of credit risk control ideas in banks, and so on. The internal control of small and micro enterprises is not perfect and so on. In view of the problems faced by Chinese banks in the credit business of small and micro enterprises, this paper puts forward the principles of defining the customer market of small and micro enterprises and defining the controllability and tradeability of credit risk. To control the credit risk of small and micro enterprises in an all-round way, aiming at the different types of credit risk of small and micro enterprises, using various means of risk prevention, strictly controlling the innovation and optimization ideas of credit business process of small and micro enterprises, and from the view of management, loan marketing, In this paper, a commercial bank in China is taken as an example to make a systematic and in-depth study on the credit risk control of small and micro enterprises, and puts forward some scientific and feasible countermeasures in the aspects of pre-loan investigation, loan review, loan approval and post-loan management. It not only plays a guiding role in the development of small and micro loans in the future of Chinese banks, but also has reference significance for other banks to develop small and micro enterprise loans.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：暨南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F832.4

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