本文關鍵詞：建設銀行中小企業(yè)“信貸工廠”融資模式研究　出處：《南昌大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

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【摘要】：眾所周知，隨著息差不斷收窄、同業(yè)競爭日益加劇，商業(yè)銀行未來盈利壓力將進一步加大。在經歷了金融危機和實體經濟的衰退之后，在復雜多變的市場環(huán)境下，建設銀行如何應對挑戰(zhàn)，尋找新的利潤增長點，是一個迫在眉睫的課題。而作為我國經濟增長生力軍的中小企業(yè)，潛藏著巨大的生機，中小企業(yè)客戶群體是一座亟待挖掘的金礦，具有廣闊的發(fā)展前景，但卻一直受到貸款難問題的困擾。 建設銀行從戰(zhàn)略的高度認識中小企業(yè)客戶群體對建行未來發(fā)展的重大意義，把握先機，搶占中小企業(yè)信貸高地，以實現可持續(xù)發(fā)展。早在2005年，建行開始與美國銀行、淡馬錫（亞洲金融）等進行戰(zhàn)略性合作，以期分享其技術與經驗。在經營理念、管理手段、業(yè)務流程、風險控制、產品支持、激勵考核等方面進行了深入研究和創(chuàng)新，形成了一套較為成熟完善的業(yè)務模式。 與傳統(tǒng)的信貸審批模式相比，建設銀行采取的“信貸工廠”模式推行“五個集中”，即：集中批量化營銷、集中抵質押登記管理、集中放款管理、集中非現場監(jiān)測管理、集中檔案管理�！靶刨J工廠”的推廣極大的豐富了建行的信貸品種和模式，使建行迅速在中小企業(yè)融資服務市場打開局面，贏得了市場份額。 但2013年以來，全球經濟出現了積極的變化，但復蘇的基礎依然薄弱，經濟低增長的態(tài)勢仍將延續(xù)，國內經濟深層次矛盾依然突出，經濟下行壓力和產能過剩的矛盾有所加劇，企業(yè)生產成本上升和創(chuàng)新能力不足的問題并存，財政收入增速放緩和政府剛性支出增加的矛盾凸顯，消化產能過剩和穩(wěn)定就業(yè)之間存在的兩難選擇，諸多因素對經濟持續(xù)發(fā)展帶來了嚴峻的考驗，受外部宏觀經濟環(huán)境影響，經濟增速持續(xù)低緩，金融脫媒加劇，企業(yè)融資渠道多元化，對銀行資金依賴度降低，部分企業(yè)通過其他渠道獲得低成本融資提前償還銀行貸款，部分中小企業(yè)貸款質量下滑，民營企業(yè)風險暴露趨勢加快，有效需求不足，對公貸款投放和中間業(yè)務收入增長壓力巨大�，F有的融資模式在運行近9年后，不得不把面臨著改革和創(chuàng)新的時代競爭中。 論文主要從國內外學者關于中小企業(yè)融資理論出發(fā)，結合國內學者對銀行為中小企業(yè)融資模式創(chuàng)新研究的基礎上，綜合考慮中小企業(yè)融資遇到的問題以及融資需求，對比國內外銀行中小企業(yè)融資模式，運用理論結合實際的方法，以建設銀行中小企業(yè)“信貸工廠”為例，重點研究該模式的創(chuàng)新點與存在的問題，并對該模式提出完善對策，以促進銀行融資模式的創(chuàng)新以及破解中小企業(yè)融資難題。 首先是闡明了論文的選題依據、研究的目的和意義、研究的主要內容與方法， 其次綜合闡述中小企業(yè)融資理論基礎，學術界對于中小企業(yè)融資的理論研究現狀和具有借鑒意義的理論。 同時從影響中小企業(yè)融資的內、外部因素角度考慮中小企業(yè)融資難的成因，并結合當今國內外銀行對于中小企業(yè)融資模式的經驗，尋找適合我國國情的中小企業(yè)融資模式。 第三，將從建設銀行中小企業(yè)“信貸工廠”融資模式的運行特點出發(fā)，結合建設銀行實際情況、建設銀行所經營的小企業(yè)總體情況以及建行存在的中小企業(yè)融資難題的角度分析傳統(tǒng)融資方案與“信貸工廠”融資方案之間的優(yōu)越性和可行性 第四，擬以建行某一級分行為例，，從中小企業(yè)貸款規(guī)模、綜合貢獻度、產品覆蓋度、中間業(yè)務收入等角度出發(fā)闡述模式運行的效果特點。 再次，根據運行效果特點提出建行中小企業(yè)融資業(yè)務的配套措施對策和建議。本文主要從圍繞信用甄別注重準入創(chuàng)新、圍繞擔保方式注重產品創(chuàng)新以及圍繞資產質量注重風控創(chuàng)新等方面提出了該融資模式的完善的對策和建議，強調配套措施對融資模式的進一步優(yōu)化和改造。 最后是對論文做出總體揭露以及未來的研究展望
[Abstract]:As everyone knows, with the interest rate differential has been narrowing, competition intensifies, future commercial bank profit pressures will further increase. In the aftermath of the financial crisis and recession in the real economy, in the complex market environment, the Construction Bank of how to deal with the challenges, looking for new profit growth point, is an imminent task. As the new economic growth in China's small and medium enterprises, the huge potential of life, the small and medium-sized enterprise customer groups is an urgent need to dig gold, has broad prospects for development, but it has been difficult to loan problems.
Construction bank customer groups from small and medium-sized enterprises to realize highly strategic significance, the future development of CCB to grasp opportunities, seize the small and medium-sized enterprise credit heights, in order to achieve sustainable development. In early 2005, CCB began with Bank of America, Temasek (Asian financial) for strategic cooperation, sharing technology and experience to the stage. Business philosophy, management, business processes, risk control, product support, in-depth research and innovation incentive assessment and other aspects, formed a relatively mature business model.
Compared with the traditional credit approval mode, the Construction Bank to take the "credit factory" model of carrying out the "five concentration", namely: centralized mass marketing, centralized mortgage registration management, centralized loan management, off-site monitoring centralized management, centralized file management. The "credit factory" promotion greatly enriched the CCB credit varieties and patterns, the bank quickly open up the situation in the small and medium-sized enterprise financing service market, to win market share.
But since 2013, the global economy has experienced positive changes, but the recovery is still weak, low economic growth will continue, the deep-seated contradictions of the domestic economy is still prominent, the contradiction between downtown pressure on the economy and overcapacity intensified, both rising production costs and the lack of innovation ability, the contradiction between the growth of fiscal revenue slow and rigid government expenditures increase, the dilemma between digestive overcapacity and stable employment choice, many factors posed a serious challenge to the economic sustainable development, under the external macroeconomic environment, economic growth continued to slow, financial disintermediation intensified, diversified financing channels for enterprises, reduce the dependence on bank financing, some enterprises to obtain through other channels of low-cost financing for early repayment of bank loans, some small and medium-sized enterprise loan quality decline, private enterprise risk exposure and trend Fast, effective demand is insufficient, which has great pressure on the growth of public loan and intermediary business income. The existing financing mode has to face the competition of reform and innovation in the past 9 years.
This paper mainly from the domestic and foreign scholars on the financing theory of small and medium-sized enterprises, combined with the domestic scholars on the basis of bank financing mode innovation of small and medium sized enterprises, considering the financing problem of small and medium-sized enterprises and meet the financing demand, financing mode comparison of domestic and foreign banks of small and medium-sized enterprises, using the method of combining theory with practice, with the construction of small and medium-sized enterprises "credit bank the factory as an example, study the model focuses on the innovation and the existing problems, and puts forward the countermeasures to perfect the mode, in order to promote bank financing mode innovation and solve the financing problems of SMEs.
The first is to clarify the basis of the topic, the purpose and significance of the study, the main contents and methods of the research.
Secondly, it expounds the theoretical foundation of the financing of small and medium enterprises, and the theoretical research on the financing of small and medium enterprises and the theory of reference.
At the same time, from the perspective of internal and external factors that affect the financing of SMEs, the causes of SMEs' financing difficulties are also considered. Combined with the experience of domestic and foreign banks for SME financing mode, we find a financing mode suitable for China's national conditions.
Third, the operating characteristics of small and medium-sized enterprises from the Construction Bank "credit factory" mode of financing, combined with the actual situation of the Construction Bank, analysis of the feasibility and superiority of traditional financing scheme and the "credit factory" financing plan for SME financing problems existing in the construction of bank management of the overall situation of small enterprises and bank angle
Fourth, taking a branch of China Construction Bank as an example, the effect characteristics of mode operation are expounded from the perspective of SME loan scale, comprehensive contribution, product coverage and intermediate business income.
Again, according to the operation effect of characteristics of small and medium-sized enterprise financing construction measures countermeasures and suggestions. This paper focuses on the credit screening focus on access around the way of security innovation, focus on product innovation and focus on asset quality risk control focus on innovation, and puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to improve the financing mode, emphasize the further optimization of supporting measures for financing the pattern and transformation.
The last is the general disclosure of the paper and the prospect of the future research

【學位授予單位】：南昌大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F832.4;F276.3

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