【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)工業(yè)化、城市化進(jìn)程加快,各行各業(yè)能源消費(fèi)需求日益增加,碳排放量迅猛增長(zhǎng),作為全球最大的碳排放國(guó),我國(guó)承受著巨大的國(guó)際減排壓力。同時(shí),近年來(lái)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)正在經(jīng)歷轉(zhuǎn)型,地區(qū)收入差距不斷擴(kuò)大,分配格局失衡,縮小區(qū)域差距、解決分配不公的需求也十分迫切。所以,我國(guó)同時(shí)面臨兩方面的挑戰(zhàn),既要減排降耗,又要確保經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展趨于公平合理。 基于此,本文將全國(guó)分為東、中、西三大區(qū)域,采用1995-2010年的面板數(shù)據(jù),在環(huán)境庫(kù)茲涅茨曲線(EKC)的基礎(chǔ)上,研究區(qū)域收入差異對(duì)碳排放的影響。具體而言,本文真實(shí)、系統(tǒng)地測(cè)算出我國(guó)28個(gè)省(市、區(qū))的碳排放量及人均GDP基尼系數(shù)作為研究的基礎(chǔ)指標(biāo)；描述性分析了全國(guó)及東、中、西部碳排放現(xiàn)狀和區(qū)域特征,判斷各區(qū)域碳排放與其經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平、區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)差異之間的關(guān)系；最后對(duì)各區(qū)域的碳排放量的影響因素進(jìn)行分析,確定了人均GDP、人均GDP基尼系數(shù)、能源強(qiáng)度、工業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和城市化率作為我國(guó)碳排放EKC模型的解釋變量,更進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)調(diào)區(qū)域收入差異對(duì)碳排放的影響。 實(shí)證結(jié)果表明我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和碳排放之間具有長(zhǎng)期穩(wěn)定的正向的關(guān)系,經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)會(huì)促進(jìn)碳排放量上升,同時(shí),經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)對(duì)三大區(qū)域碳排放量的影響從西到東逐漸遞減。收入的均衡分配有利于環(huán)境的改善,在關(guān)注經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)效率的同時(shí),也要考慮地區(qū)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的公平性。能源強(qiáng)度、工業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)與碳排放呈正向關(guān)系,城市化率對(duì)碳排放的影響在中部呈正相關(guān),在西部呈負(fù)相關(guān),而在全國(guó)及東部地區(qū)無(wú)顯著關(guān)系。最后,本文在前述實(shí)證結(jié)果的基礎(chǔ)上,提出有針對(duì)性的相關(guān)建議,以期為我國(guó)的碳減排目標(biāo)提供政策依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the industrialization of China and the acceleration of urbanization, the demand for energy consumption in various industries is increasing day by day, and the carbon emissions are increasing rapidly. As the largest carbon emitter in the world, China is under enormous pressure of international emission reduction. At the same time, in recent years, China's economy is undergoing a transformation, the regional income gap continues to expand, the distribution pattern is out of balance, the regional gap is narrowed, and the need to solve the unfair distribution is very urgent. Therefore, our country faces two challenges at the same time, not only to reduce emissions and reduce consumption, but also to ensure that economic development tends to be fair and reasonable. Based on this, this paper divides the whole country into three regions: east, middle and west. Based on the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC), the paper studies the effect of regional income difference on carbon emissions by using panel data from 1995 to 2010. Specifically, this paper measures the carbon emissions and GDP Gini coefficient of 28 provinces (municipalities and districts) as the basic index of the research. The paper analyzes the current situation and regional characteristics of carbon emissions in China, East, Middle and West China, and judges the relationship between carbon emissions in different regions and their economic development level and regional economic differences. Finally, the influencing factors of carbon emissions in different regions are analyzed, and the per capita GDP, per capita GDP Gini coefficient, energy intensity, industrial structure and urbanization rate are determined as the explanatory variables of China's EKC model of carbon emissions. Further emphasis is placed on the impact of regional income differences on carbon emissions. The empirical results show that there is a long-term stable positive relationship between China's economic growth and carbon emissions, economic growth will promote the increase of carbon emissions, at the same time, the impact of economic growth on carbon emissions in the three regions gradually decreases from west to east. The balanced distribution of income is conducive to the improvement of the environment. While paying attention to the efficiency of economic growth, we should also consider the equity of economic development in the region. Energy intensity, industrial structure and carbon emission were positively correlated. The effect of urbanization rate on carbon emission was positively correlated in the middle and negatively correlated in the west, but not in the east and the whole country. Finally, on the basis of the above empirical results, this paper puts forward some relevant suggestions in order to provide the policy basis for China's carbon emission reduction targets.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廈門(mén)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：X24;F124.7

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