【摘要】：人力資本之于經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的重要性已經(jīng)毋庸置疑,人力資本被廣泛地認(rèn)為是推動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的重要因素和主要?jiǎng)恿�。合理地進(jìn)行人力資本投資也是促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的重要手段。人力資本投資主要可分為教育人力資本投資和健康人力資本投資。但長(zhǎng)期以來(lái),人們往往只注重教育人力資本的投資,將教育人力資本等同于人力資本,強(qiáng)調(diào)教育投資對(duì)促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)具有重要貢獻(xiàn),而忽略了具有同等重要性的健康人力資本投資。健康是人體的根本,也是人類(lèi)進(jìn)行一切活動(dòng)的基礎(chǔ)。為健康進(jìn)行的投資不僅能使個(gè)人收獲良好的健康狀態(tài),同時(shí)對(duì)整個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生影響。因?yàn)榻】低顿Y不僅關(guān)系到微觀個(gè)體收入,同時(shí)也會(huì)影響整個(gè)宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。本文通過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)健康投資可以通過(guò)降低疾病帶來(lái)的經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)和損失、提高勞動(dòng)者的勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)能力、促進(jìn)教育投資收益實(shí)現(xiàn)和促進(jìn)健康產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展等途徑對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)產(chǎn)生正的效應(yīng)。同時(shí),健康投資會(huì)造成對(duì)物資資本投資的擠出,影響物質(zhì)資本積累和引起人口老齡化問(wèn)題等對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)產(chǎn)生負(fù)效應(yīng)。健康投資對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)的作用也取決于正負(fù)效應(yīng)的大小。本文利用1999-2012年中國(guó)衛(wèi)生總費(fèi)用和環(huán)境污染治理投入等數(shù)據(jù)也證明了這一結(jié)論,并且健康投資的負(fù)效應(yīng)大小與健康人力資本—物質(zhì)資本存量之比有關(guān)。最后,本文對(duì)中國(guó)健康投資的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)中國(guó)健康投資總量依然太少,并且存在城鄉(xiāng)分布不均的問(wèn)題。為此,針對(duì)這些問(wèn)題,本文也提出了相關(guān)的建議。
[Abstract]:The importance of human capital to economic growth is beyond doubt. Human capital is widely regarded as an important factor and main driving force to promote economic growth. Reasonable human capital investment is also an important means to promote economic growth. Human capital investment can be divided into educational human capital investment and healthy human capital investment. However, for a long time, people only pay attention to the investment of educational human capital, equating it with human capital, and emphasizing that investment in education has an important contribution to promoting economic growth. The investment in healthy human capital, which is of equal importance, is neglected. Health is the foundation of the human body and the basis of all human activities. Investing in health not only makes individuals healthy and healthy, but also has an impact on the development of the economy as a whole. Health investment is not only related to micro-income, but also to the development of macro-economy. This paper finds that health investment can improve labor productivity by reducing the economic burden and loss caused by disease. The ways of promoting the income from investment in education and promoting the development of health industry have a positive effect on economic growth. At the same time, the health investment will cause the extrusion of the material capital investment, which will affect the material capital accumulation and cause the aging of the population to produce the negative effect on the economic growth. The effect of health investment on economic growth also depends on the size of the positive and negative effects. This paper also proves this conclusion by using the data of total health expenditure and environmental pollution control investment in China from 1999 to 2012, and the negative effect of health investment is related to the ratio of health human capital to material capital stock. Finally, this paper analyzes the current situation of health investment in China, and finds that the total amount of health investment in China is still too small, and there is a problem of uneven distribution between urban and rural areas. In view of these problems, this paper also puts forward some relevant suggestions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F124

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