【摘要】：山西省煤炭資源豐富,是我國重要的能源基地。改革開放以來,山西省煤炭工業(yè)迅猛發(fā)展,已經(jīng)成為全省國民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的重要支柱產(chǎn)業(yè),肩負(fù)著滿足國家經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)需求和發(fā)展本省經(jīng)濟(jì)的雙重使命,其地位和作用舉足輕重。但是,山西省在資源和環(huán)境方面也付出了沉重的代價(jià),煤炭資源的后備資源不充足,主體資源面臨不同程度的枯竭；支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)單一,城市過度依賴采礦業(yè),經(jīng)濟(jì)總量不足,地方財(cái)力薄弱；環(huán)境污染和地質(zhì)災(zāi)害較為突出；城市的負(fù)擔(dān)過重,社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)、社會(huì)保障工作滯后,職工收入和生活水平低；政府和礦業(yè)企業(yè)之間職能劃分不清,存在著企業(yè)辦社會(huì)、政府辦企業(yè)的功能錯(cuò)位。城市是生產(chǎn)和生活的載體,城市轉(zhuǎn)型是一個(gè)普遍問題,是產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)變化的普遍性要求；資源型城市轉(zhuǎn)型則還涉及資源合理使用、可持續(xù)發(fā)展、人與環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)等綜合性問題,因此其城市轉(zhuǎn)型研究就顯得更為重要。煤炭、石油等的稀缺性造成人類日益增長的需求難以被持續(xù)滿足,國家對(duì)煤炭、石油等能源的需求量日益擴(kuò)大,無論其開采還是使用都會(huì)對(duì)自然環(huán)境造成嚴(yán)重的負(fù)面影響,例如近幾年來困擾人們正常生活的霧霾天氣。完全靠政府來決定經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型,靠國家投資來實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型是不可能的。所以,有必要根據(jù)我國國情,借鑒世界先進(jìn)國家與地區(qū)的有益經(jīng)驗(yàn),幫助引導(dǎo)山西省的資源型地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型。為了解決上述問題,本文通過學(xué)習(xí)國外資源型城市轉(zhuǎn)型成功的案例,綜合分析了德國魯爾區(qū)、法國洛林區(qū)在轉(zhuǎn)型過程中采取的政策引導(dǎo)、新興科技、對(duì)外開放、社會(huì)培訓(xùn)等方面的措施,指出轉(zhuǎn)型成功是多方面因素共同作用的結(jié)果,必須多方共同努力,降低轉(zhuǎn)型失敗的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)性。從推進(jìn)政企分開、發(fā)展接續(xù)替代產(chǎn)業(yè)、吸引轉(zhuǎn)型資金、整治生態(tài)環(huán)境、加快城鄉(xiāng)一體化和完善城市功能等六個(gè)方面入手,將“經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型、體制創(chuàng)新、設(shè)施提升、環(huán)境美化”作為政策落腳點(diǎn),通過制定產(chǎn)業(yè)政策,改善制度實(shí)施的環(huán)境,快速推動(dòng)山西煤炭資源型城市向新型工業(yè)城市轉(zhuǎn)變,提高地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)開放性,順利實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型。
[Abstract]:Shanxi Province is rich in coal resources, is an important energy base in China. Since the reform and opening up, the coal industry in Shanxi Province has developed rapidly and has become an important pillar industry in the development of the province's national economy, shouldering the dual mission of meeting the needs of national economic construction and developing the provincial economy, and its position and role are very important. However, Shanxi Province has also paid a heavy price in terms of resources and environment. The reserve resources of coal resources are not sufficient, the main resources are being depleted to varying degrees, the pillar industries are single, the cities are over-dependent on the mining industry, and the total economic volume is insufficient. Local financial resources are weak; environmental pollution and geological disasters are more prominent; urban burdens are too heavy, social insurance and social security work lag, workers' incomes and living standards are low, and the functions of the government and mining enterprises are not clearly divided. There is an enterprise to run the society, the function of the government-run enterprise dislocation. City is the carrier of production and life, urban transformation is a universal problem, and it is the universal requirement of the change of industrial structure. The transformation of resource-based city also involves comprehensive problems such as rational use of resources, sustainable development, coordination between human and environment, and so on. Therefore, the study of its urban transformation appears to be more important. Because of the scarcity of coal and oil, the increasing demand of human beings is difficult to be continuously satisfied. The demand for coal, oil and other energy resources is increasing day by day. Whether it is exploited or used, it will have a serious negative impact on the natural environment. For example, in recent years, people's normal life of the haze weather. It is impossible to rely solely on the government to decide the economic transformation, and to rely on the state investment to achieve the economic transformation. Therefore, it is necessary to guide the economic transformation of resource-based regions in Shanxi Province according to the national conditions of our country and the beneficial experience of advanced countries and regions in the world. In order to solve the above problems, this paper, by studying the successful cases of the transformation of foreign resource-based cities, synthetically analyzes the policy guidance, emerging science and technology, opening to the outside world adopted in the process of transformation in Ruhr district, France Lorraine region, Germany. Social training and other measures, it is pointed out that the success of the transition is the result of a combination of factors, we must work together to reduce the risk of failure. Starting from six aspects, such as promoting the separation of government and enterprises, developing alternative industries, attracting funds for transformation, renovating the ecological environment, speeding up the integration of urban and rural areas, and perfecting the functions of the city, it will "transform the economy, innovate the system, and upgrade the facilities." As the base of the policy, environmental beautification, by making industrial policy, improving the environment of system implementation, can quickly promote the transformation of Shanxi coal resource-based city to a new type of industrial city, improve the regional economic openness, and smoothly realize the economic transformation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F127

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