本文選題：對外直接投資 + 區(qū)位　； 參考：《河北師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：根據(jù)《2013年世界投資報(bào)告》，2011年全世界對外直接投資流量達(dá)到了1.5萬億美元，經(jīng)歷了幾年的衰退恢復(fù)后，終于超過了金融危機(jī)前的水平。但在2012年受全球經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇乏力以及新興市場增長放緩等影響，，對外直接投資流量又衰退到1.3萬億美元的水平。 中國經(jīng)過三十多年的改革開放，在經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的過程中取得了令世人矚目的成就。2012年，受發(fā)達(dá)國家經(jīng)濟(jì)體主權(quán)債務(wù)危機(jī)、中東北非動(dòng)蕩等因素的影響，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇步伐放緩，中國企業(yè)“走出去”面臨的外部環(huán)境日益復(fù)雜。但是，我國經(jīng)濟(jì)具有保持持續(xù)較快增長的動(dòng)力，這為我國企業(yè)展開對外投資提供了良好的宏觀支撐。2012年中國對外直接投資流量達(dá)840億美元，僅次于美國、日本，成為世界第三大對外投資來源地。 對外直接投資并不是由母國在全球范圍內(nèi)的絕對優(yōu)勢所驅(qū)動(dòng)的，而是由母國在特定區(qū)位某產(chǎn)業(yè)相對于東道國在同類產(chǎn)業(yè)上所具有的比較優(yōu)勢而驅(qū)動(dòng)的。選擇投資在具有比較優(yōu)勢的區(qū)位和產(chǎn)業(yè)中，是開展對外直接投資的基本原則，這也保證了母國和東道國可以雙向受益。本文將對外直接投資區(qū)位及產(chǎn)業(yè)的比較優(yōu)勢按其形成的原因劃分為市場規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)及先占優(yōu)勢、資源稟賦優(yōu)勢、技術(shù)優(yōu)勢、聚集優(yōu)勢、區(qū)域及市場間運(yùn)輸成本優(yōu)勢、政府政策以及文化溝通優(yōu)勢。 多種區(qū)位因素最終會(huì)形成不同的區(qū)位特色，不同的區(qū)位特色適合于不同投資主體和投資產(chǎn)業(yè)。當(dāng)投資主體結(jié)合自身的產(chǎn)業(yè)優(yōu)勢及特點(diǎn)合理選擇和利用東道國區(qū)位就會(huì)強(qiáng)化對外直接投資主體的產(chǎn)業(yè)比較優(yōu)勢，使對外直接投資迅速發(fā)展。并從產(chǎn)業(yè)優(yōu)勢和區(qū)位優(yōu)勢依賴性、表現(xiàn)形式以及互補(bǔ)性上證明了產(chǎn)業(yè)優(yōu)勢與區(qū)位優(yōu)勢的相關(guān)性。 根據(jù)我國1988-2012年對外投資的數(shù)據(jù)，說明我國對外直接投資的現(xiàn)狀，以及存在的問題：（1）對外直接投資增速高，但規(guī)模與發(fā)達(dá)國家和地區(qū)相比仍差距明顯；（2）對外投資行業(yè)分布多元化，傳統(tǒng)行業(yè)投資仍占據(jù)主導(dǎo)；（3）對外直接投資覆蓋地區(qū)廣，但主要集中在亞洲地區(qū)。 通過計(jì)算顯性投資優(yōu)勢指數(shù)、靜態(tài)聚集指數(shù)、動(dòng)態(tài)聚集指數(shù)以及通過對中國對外直接投資分產(chǎn)業(yè)、分區(qū)位數(shù)據(jù)的回歸分析，格蘭杰因果檢驗(yàn)等方法，對中國對外直接投資區(qū)位及產(chǎn)業(yè)選擇比較優(yōu)勢進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析。最后基于理論陳述和實(shí)證分析，為中國對外直接投資的區(qū)位及產(chǎn)業(yè)選擇提出對策建議。
[Abstract]:According to the 2013 World Investment report, world outward direct investment flows reached $1.5 trillion in 2011, surpassing pre-crisis levels after several years of recessionary recovery. But in 2012 foreign direct investment flows receded to $1.3 trillion on the back of a weak global recovery and slowing growth in emerging markets. After more than 30 years of reform and opening up, China has made remarkable achievements in the process of economic development. In 2012, under the influence of the sovereign debt crisis of developed economies and the turmoil in the Middle East and North Africa, the pace of world economic recovery slowed down. The external environment that Chinese enterprises "go out" faces is becoming more and more complex. However, China's economy has the power to maintain sustained and relatively rapid growth, which provides a good macro support for Chinese enterprises to launch foreign investment. In 2012, China's foreign direct investment flows reached 84 billion US dollars, second only to the United States and Japan. To become the world's third largest source of foreign investment. OFDI is not driven by the absolute advantage of the home country in the global scope, but by the comparative advantage of a certain industry in a particular location compared with that of the host country in the same industry. The choice of investment in the location and industry with comparative advantage is the basic principle of carrying out foreign direct investment, which also ensures that the home country and the host country can benefit from each other in both directions. In this paper, the comparative advantages of FDI location and industry are divided into market scale economy and predominance, resource endowment advantage, technology advantage, agglomeration advantage, regional and inter-market transportation cost advantage. Government policy and cultural communication advantages. A variety of location factors will eventually form different location characteristics, different location characteristics suitable for different investment subjects and investment industries. When the investment subject reasonably selects and utilizes the location of the host country in combination with its own industrial advantages and characteristics, it will strengthen the industrial comparative advantage of the main body of foreign direct investment and make the foreign direct investment develop rapidly. It also proves the correlation between industrial advantage and location advantage in terms of industrial advantage and location advantage dependence, form of expression and complementarity. According to the data of China's foreign investment from 1988 to 2012, it shows that the current situation of China's foreign direct investment (FDI) and the existing problems are: (1) the growth rate of FDI is high, but the scale is still significantly different from that of developed countries and regions. Traditional industry investment still dominates 3) OFDI covers a wide range of areas, but mainly concentrated in Asia. By calculating dominant investment advantage index, static aggregation index, dynamic aggregation index, regression analysis of China's OFDI sub-industry, location data, Granger causality test, etc. This paper makes an empirical analysis on the comparative advantages of China's FDI location and industry choice. Finally, based on the theoretical statement and empirical analysis, the paper puts forward some suggestions for the location and industry choice of China's FDI.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F832.6;F124

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