本文關鍵詞： 低碳經濟 效率RAM模型 低碳全要素生產率　出處：《天津大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：在氣候變暖、環(huán)境污染和能源危機等問題威脅人類生存與發(fā)展的情況下，各國在應對全球變暖問題上達成了廣泛地共識。發(fā)展低碳經濟要求中國必須關注資源、環(huán)境及經濟的協調發(fā)展，將“碳排放”因素納入到經濟發(fā)展考察系統中，實現向以低能耗、低排放為基礎，經過技術與制度創(chuàng)新、資源密集型產業(yè)向技術密集型產業(yè)的轉型、清潔能源等新能源的開發(fā)與利用等各種手段實現經濟發(fā)展與環(huán)境保護共贏的低碳經濟發(fā)展模式靠攏。因此，轉型時期的中國面臨著經濟增長和節(jié)能減碳的權衡，目前對這二者協調程度的判斷是一個研究熱點。 本文綜合運用DEA方法的前言研究成果——RAM模型、非參數秩和檢驗以及收斂檢驗方法針對中國低碳經濟效率問題從靜態(tài)水平和動態(tài)演進情況綜合考察，以對中國省際的能源、碳排放與經濟增長的均衡狀況做出全面評價。以環(huán)境技術理論為基礎，利用RAM模型在分別測算經濟效率和碳排放效率的基礎上，，利用模型的加性結構特征，構建了用于測算能源、碳排放與經濟增長均衡發(fā)展狀況，亦即低碳經濟效率的RAM模型，并通過對松弛變量的分解分析探討了能源、碳排放和經濟增長均衡發(fā)展狀況不佳的內生性源泉；將序列生產可能性集合的假定引入到RAM模型和ML指數，從而構建了低碳全要素生產率指數并對其進行了分解分析，探討其變化的深層次原因。 本研究得出以下結論：第一，呈上升趨勢的中國低碳經濟效率主要是由碳環(huán)境效率的改善帶來的；中國的經濟效率、碳環(huán)境效率和低碳經濟效率存在區(qū)域差異，呈東-中-西的梯度分布；過度投資和過度能耗是中國經濟效率、碳排放效率和低碳經濟效率的非效率源泉；全國、東部和西部的低碳經濟效率表現出明顯的σ收斂，存在趨同性，但不能確定中部是否存在σ收斂；第二，粗放的發(fā)展方式損害了中國低碳全要素生產率的增長，目前高額的環(huán)境成本制約著中國發(fā)展質量的提升，中國亟待向能源、碳排放與經濟增長協調發(fā)展的低碳經濟模式轉型；2006年之前，低碳全要素生產率的增長主要是由地區(qū)間效率的追趕效應推動，而2006年后，中國出現了明顯的技術進步。 研究成果的價值主要有：第一，通過基于雙重產出的RAM低碳經濟效率模型的構建實現了對能源、碳排放與經濟增長協調發(fā)展程度的合理判斷，形成了對低碳經濟效率的測算體系，并通過松弛變量分解分析對非效率的來源進行了深入考察，為探討考慮能源、碳排放情況下的經濟增長提供了新的視角。第二，本文構建的低碳全要素生產率指數改進了基于當期生產可能集合的全要素生產率指數的測算方法，從而避免了宏觀經濟波動對指數計算的沖擊和對技術退步的誤判。
[Abstract]:With global warming, environmental pollution and energy crisis threatening the survival and development of mankind, countries have reached a broad consensus on how to deal with global warming. The development of a low-carbon economy requires China to pay attention to resources. With the coordinated development of environment and economy, the "carbon emission" factor is brought into the economic development investigation system, and the transformation of resource-intensive industry to technology-intensive industry is realized, which is based on low energy consumption and low emission, and through technological and institutional innovation. The development and utilization of new energy sources such as clean energy and other means to achieve win-win economic development and environmental protection low-carbon economic development model. Therefore, in the transition period, China is faced with the trade-off between economic growth and energy saving and carbon reduction. At present, the judgment of the degree of coordination between the two is a research hotspot. In this paper, DEA model, non-parametric rank sum test and convergence test are used to investigate the dynamic and static evolution of low-carbon economic efficiency in China. The equilibrium of carbon emission and economic growth is evaluated comprehensively. Based on the theory of environmental technology and the RAM model, the additive structural characteristics of the model are used to calculate the economic efficiency and carbon emission efficiency respectively. A RAM model for measuring the equilibrium development of energy, carbon emissions and economic growth, that is, low carbon economic efficiency, is constructed, and the energy source is discussed through the decomposition analysis of relaxation variables. This paper introduces the hypothesis of sequence production possibility set into RAM model and ML index to construct and decompose the low carbon total factor productivity index. The deep reason of its change is discussed. The main conclusions of this study are as follows: first, the increasing trend of China's low-carbon economic efficiency is mainly caused by the improvement of carbon environmental efficiency, and there are regional differences in China's economic efficiency, carbon environmental efficiency and low carbon economic efficiency. Overinvestment and excessive energy consumption are the non-efficiency sources of China's economic efficiency, carbon emission efficiency and low carbon economic efficiency. The low carbon economic efficiency of the whole country, the eastern and western parts of the country shows obvious 蟽 convergence. There is convergence, but it is not certain whether there is 蟽 convergence in the middle. Secondly, extensive development has damaged the growth of low carbon total factor productivity in China, and the high environmental cost is restricting the improvement of China's development quality. Before 2006, the growth of low carbon total factor productivity (TFP) was mainly driven by the catch-up effect of inter-regional efficiency, and after 2006, China needed to transform into a low-carbon economic model that coordinated the development of energy, carbon emissions and economic growth, and before 2006, the growth of low-carbon TFP was mainly driven by the catch-up effect of inter-regional efficiency. There has been marked technological progress in China. The value of the research results is as follows: first, through the construction of RAM low carbon economic efficiency model based on dual output, the reasonable judgment on the degree of coordinated development of energy, carbon emissions and economic growth is realized. A system of measuring low carbon economic efficiency is formed, and the sources of non-efficiency are investigated through relaxation variable decomposition analysis, which provides a new perspective for economic growth under the consideration of energy and carbon emissions. The low carbon total factor productivity index constructed in this paper improves the calculation method of total factor productivity index based on the possible set of production in the current period, thus avoiding the impact of macroeconomic fluctuations on index calculation and misjudgment of technological retrogression.
【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F124.5;F224

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本文編號：1518420