本文選題：人口遷移 + 人口流動　； 參考：《復旦大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著改革開放以來我國社會主義市場經(jīng)濟的蓬勃發(fā)展,人口遷移流動不僅規(guī)模在加大,速度也在加快。由于我國城鄉(xiāng)分割的二元戶籍制度的存在,使得地區(qū)總人口的衡量存在戶籍人口和常住人口兩個統(tǒng)計口徑。伴隨著人口遷移流動態(tài)勢的不斷增強,一個可以明顯觀察到的現(xiàn)象就是地區(qū)常住人口與戶籍人口之間的背離,并且這種背離性隨著人口遷移流動的日益活躍也在不斷擴大。日益擴大的常住-戶籍人口缺口對我國區(qū)域經(jīng)濟社會和城鄉(xiāng)關系的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展,以及城鄉(xiāng)居民基本權利的保障都將產(chǎn)生不利影響。由于我國特殊的城鄉(xiāng)二元的戶籍制度背景,人口遷移流動作為城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展和深化的重要推動力量,其促進作用實際上被延緩了。不同地區(qū)、不同類型的城市在不同時期的常住人口與戶籍人口之間的缺口及其變動表現(xiàn)出一些不同的特點,從這種變動中我們可以觀察到我國人口遷移流動的動態(tài)性和基本特征。本文通過對改革開放以來尤其是進入本世紀以后的分區(qū)域人口遷移流動的實際狀況進行了描述和分析,運用構建的常住-戶籍人口缺口指標來觀察我國分地區(qū)人口遷移流動態(tài)勢,并進一步分析了人口遷移流動與戶籍制度改革實際效應之間的協(xié)調(diào)性。研究有以下幾點發(fā)現(xiàn)：(1)改革開放以來我國各地區(qū)的常住人口與戶籍人口之間的缺口總體不斷擴大,城鄉(xiāng)常住-戶籍人口缺口在本世紀后呈現(xiàn)迅速擴大態(tài)勢,使得以常住人口為口徑的城鎮(zhèn)化率遠高于戶籍人口城鎮(zhèn)化率。(2)東部地區(qū)的人口導入態(tài)勢進一步增強,因人口導入帶來的常住人口變動速度快于戶籍人口,戶籍制度對人口的吸納力明顯滯后于人口的遷移流動。(3)中西部的人口導出態(tài)勢也在增強,常住人口導出的速度略快于戶籍人口,但西部地區(qū)相比中部地區(qū)呈現(xiàn)出一定的內(nèi)部吸引力。(4)大城市尤其是東部地區(qū)的大城市常住-戶籍人口缺口擴大的程度和人口導入速度均為最高,顯示出戶籍制度改革較強的滯后性。中西部的中等城市仍表現(xiàn)出一定的吸引力,而小城市由于相對緩慢的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展和較少的工作機會,表現(xiàn)出較低的人口吸引力。本文認為,要促進人口在地區(qū)間的持續(xù)合理流動,進一步推進我國的城鎮(zhèn)化發(fā)展,應注重推動城鄉(xiāng)聯(lián)動、區(qū)域聯(lián)動和大中小城市聯(lián)動的戶籍制度改革,進而保證各地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟社會和人口的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:With the vigorous development of socialist market economy in China since the reform and opening up, population migration is not only increasing in scale, but also accelerating. Due to the existence of the dual household registration system which is divided into urban and rural areas in China, the measurement of the regional total population has two statistical criteria: the household registration population and the permanent resident population. With the increasing trend of population migration, an obvious phenomenon can be observed is the deviation between resident population and household registration population, and this deviation is expanding with the increasing activity of population migration. The increasing gap between permanent residence and household registration will have a negative impact on the coordinated development of regional economy and society and the relationship between urban and rural areas, as well as on the protection of the basic rights of urban and rural residents. Because of the special background of the dual household registration system in urban and rural areas in China, population migration, as an important driving force for the development and deepening of urbanization, has actually been delayed. The gap between the resident population and the resident population in different regions, different types of cities in different periods and their changes show some different characteristics. From this change, we can observe the dynamic and basic characteristics of population migration in China. This paper describes and analyzes the actual situation of the migration of population in the sub-regions since the reform and opening up, especially after entering this century. This paper uses the index of permanent residence and household registration gap to observe the situation of population migration in different regions of China, and further analyzes the coordination between population migration and the actual effect of the reform of household registration system. The study found that the gap between the resident population and the household registration population in various regions of China has been expanding since the reform and opening up, and the gap between urban and rural permanent residents and household registration population has rapidly expanded after this century. This makes the urbanization rate based on the resident population far higher than the urbanization rate of the registered household population.) the trend of population import in the eastern region is further strengthened. The rate of change of the permanent resident population brought about by the introduction of the population is faster than that of the resident population. The household registration system obviously lags behind the migration flow of the population.) the situation of population export in the central and western regions is also increasing, and the rate of the permanent resident population exporting is slightly faster than that of the household registration population. However, compared with the central region, the western region presents a certain internal attractiveness.) in the large cities, especially in the eastern region, the extent of the gap between permanent residence and household registration and the speed of population import are the highest. It shows that the reform of the household registration system is lagging behind. Middle-sized cities in the Midwest still show some appeal, while smaller cities show lower demographic attractiveness due to relatively slow economic growth and fewer job opportunities. This paper holds that in order to promote the sustainable and reasonable flow of population among regions and further promote the development of urbanization in our country, we should pay attention to the reform of the household registration system of the linkage between urban and rural areas, regional linkage, and the linkage of large, medium and small cities. Thus ensuring the coordinated development of the economic, social and population of various regions.
【學位授予單位】：復旦大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D631.42

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本文編號：1955021