本文選題：近代 + 漢口　； 參考：《武漢大學(xué)》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：本文以“現(xiàn)代—傳統(tǒng)”二元經(jīng)濟(jì)理論為基礎(chǔ),從漢口近代商埠經(jīng)濟(jì)的形成與發(fā)展、漢口在長(zhǎng)江流域經(jīng)濟(jì)地位變遷、漢口金融業(yè)與經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)之間的關(guān)系的角度,以銀行為主要研究對(duì)象和線索,對(duì)1861年開(kāi)埠以后至1949年解放之前88年間,漢口近代銀行業(yè)的發(fā)展變化做了綜述式的研究。研究認(rèn)為近代漢口銀行業(yè)的發(fā)展的主要有這樣幾個(gè)基本特征： 第一,漢口開(kāi)埠后的經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速崛起,在極短的時(shí)間內(nèi)超越沿海一些開(kāi)埠時(shí)間更早的城市,漢口各種金融行業(yè)和金融市場(chǎng)成長(zhǎng)很快,一躍成為僅次于上海的金融中心。速度之快為近代中國(guó)金融史上罕有。這種經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速增長(zhǎng)并不僅僅是由于“西方”因素的進(jìn)入和增長(zhǎng),更多的是因?yàn)闈h口是中國(guó)內(nèi)地傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)與西方現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)交匯的產(chǎn)物。簡(jiǎn)言之,漢口的崛起是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的延續(xù),而非打斷和再生； 第二,漢口傳統(tǒng)金融勢(shì)力極大,在開(kāi)埠后的最初三十年內(nèi),外國(guó)銀行幾乎沒(méi)有太大的影響,反而要與票號(hào)競(jìng)爭(zhēng),要拉攏和依靠錢(qián)莊。這個(gè)時(shí)期在漢口持續(xù)時(shí)間很長(zhǎng),一直到20世紀(jì)20年代,外國(guó)銀行才真正在漢口有所擴(kuò)張。但是本地銀行又迅速興起并與之競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。這種過(guò)程顯示出,與沿海的上海、廣州、天津相比,漢口在現(xiàn)代化過(guò)程中所表現(xiàn)出的較強(qiáng)的本土性。以“申—漢”互動(dòng)為基礎(chǔ)的長(zhǎng)江金融模式,很形象表達(dá)出了“現(xiàn)代—傳統(tǒng)”、“西方—東方”在長(zhǎng)江流域的關(guān)系； 第三,漢口銀行業(yè)的發(fā)展過(guò)分依靠?jī)?nèi)地傳統(tǒng)的長(zhǎng)距離貿(mào)易,缺乏區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)的支持,發(fā)展受時(shí)局牽動(dòng)過(guò)大。這一點(diǎn)與擁有雄厚江浙工商業(yè)基礎(chǔ)的上海金融業(yè)明顯不同。當(dāng)大革命失敗南京政府建立后,江浙沿海地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)加速現(xiàn)代化,內(nèi)地傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)整體崩塌,漢口的經(jīng)濟(jì)地位也迅速下降,此再?zèng)]有恢復(fù)全國(guó)的中心地位。 第四,漢口的本質(zhì)是一個(gè)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)中的自由商業(yè)城市,它的金融中心地位也是由此而來(lái)。經(jīng)濟(jì)中心的沿海化僅僅促使了漢口銀行業(yè)的衰落,最終葬送了這個(gè)城市的金融生命的則是南京政府官僚資本化的國(guó)家金融統(tǒng)制。漢口銀行業(yè)和金融市場(chǎng)也隨之完全成為上海的附庸,“申—漢”互動(dòng)金融模式變成上海單一中心模式。 本文認(rèn)為這四個(gè)基本經(jīng)濟(jì)背景和特點(diǎn),皆與漢口在中國(guó)近代“傳統(tǒng)—現(xiàn)代”二元經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)中的經(jīng)濟(jì)地位變動(dòng)有關(guān)。本文第一章為漢口的經(jīng)濟(jì)地位和經(jīng)濟(jì)、金融背景綜述；第二章為辛亥革命前漢口銀行業(yè)早期萌發(fā)發(fā)展歷史；第三章為自由金融與漢口銀行業(yè)的自主發(fā)展；第四章探討了南京政府國(guó)家金融體系下漢口銀行業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)折；第五章系對(duì)抗戰(zhàn)淪陷時(shí)期漢口銀行業(yè)的殖民化問(wèn)題的討論；第六章重點(diǎn)寫(xiě)抗戰(zhàn)后金融崩潰中的漢口銀行業(yè)；最后一部分是結(jié)論與討論。
[Abstract]:Based on the dualistic economic theory of "modern and traditional", this paper analyzes the formation and development of Hankou's modern commercial port economy, the changes of Hankou's economic status in the Yangtze River Basin, and the relationship between Hankou's financial industry and economic base. Taking the bank as the main research object and clue, this paper makes a summary study on the development and change of modern banking in Hankou from 1861 to 1949 before liberation. It is believed that the development of modern Hankou banking industry mainly has such basic characteristics: First, the rapid economic rise of Hankou after the opening of the port, in a very short period of time to surpass some coastal cities opened earlier, Hankou financial industries and financial markets grew rapidly, a jump to become the second only to Shanghai's financial center. The speed is rare in the history of modern Chinese finance. The rapid growth of this kind of economy is not only due to the entry and growth of "western" factors, but also because Hankou is the product of the confluence of the traditional economy of the mainland of China and the modern economy of the West. In short, the rise of Hankou is a continuation of China's traditional economic development, rather than interruption and regeneration; Second, the traditional financial power of Hankou is great. In the first three decades after the opening of the port, foreign banks had little influence. Instead, they had to compete with the ticket banks and to win over and rely on the banks. It was a long time in Hankou, and it was not until the 1920s that foreign banks actually expanded in Hankou. But local banks are springing up and competing with them. Compared with Shanghai, Guangzhou and Tianjin, Hankou shows strong nativism in the process of modernization. The financial model of the Yangtze River based on the interaction between "Shen-Han" shows the relationship between "modern tradition" and "west and east" in the Yangtze River basin. Thirdly, the development of Hankou banking industry depends too much on the traditional long-distance trade in the mainland and lacks the support of the regional economic base. This with strong Jiangsu and Zhejiang industrial and commercial foundation of the Shanghai financial industry is obviously different. When the Great Revolution failed to establish the Nanjing government, the coastal areas of Jiangsu and Zhejiang accelerated the modernization of the economy, the traditional economy of the interior collapsed as a whole, and the economic status of Hankou declined rapidly, which did not restore the central position of the whole country. Fourth, the essence of Hankou is a free commercial city in Chinese traditional economy. The coastal area of economic center only promoted the decline of Hankou banking industry, and it was the bureaucratic capitalization of national financial control that killed the city's financial life. The banking and financial market of Hankou also became the vassal of Shanghai, and the interactive financial model of Shen-Han became the single central model of Shanghai. This paper holds that these four basic economic backgrounds and characteristics are related to the change of economic status of Hankou in the dualistic economic structure of "tradition and modern" in modern China. The first chapter is an overview of Hankou's economic status, economy and financial background, the second chapter is the early development history of Hankou banking before the 1911 Revolution, the third chapter is the independent development of free finance and Hankou banking. The fourth chapter discusses the transition of Hankou banking under the national financial system of Nanjing government, the fifth chapter discusses the colonization of Hankou banking during the period of the Anti-Japanese War, the sixth chapter focuses on the Hankou banking industry in the financial collapse after the War of Resistance against Japan. The last part is the conclusion and discussion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F832.9

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