本文選題：寒地 + 建筑形態(tài)��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：寒地建筑是我國地域建筑體系的重要組成部分,特殊的氣候是寒地建筑形態(tài)設(shè)計的制約條件,在嚴酷的氣候條件下,實現(xiàn)建筑的適用、經(jīng)濟、綠色、美觀,提高人居環(huán)境品質(zhì),是寒地建筑設(shè)計需要持續(xù)探索的根本問題。在漫長的發(fā)展過程中,我國寒地建筑形成了鮮明的地域特色,從空間組織到群體布局均有獨到之處。傳統(tǒng)寒地建筑形態(tài)的設(shè)計方法是值得學(xué)習(xí)與借鑒的,但是,任何建筑形態(tài)都是歷史發(fā)展過程中的一個片段,隨著時代的進步,寒地建筑形態(tài)的設(shè)計方法需要進步與提升。本文以我國寒地特殊的氣候條件為依據(jù),從環(huán)境資源、區(qū)域經(jīng)濟以及文化背景的角度,綜合分析了寒地建筑形態(tài)設(shè)計的限制因素,并通過與發(fā)達國家寒冷地區(qū)的氣候特點及人居環(huán)境水平的橫向?qū)Ρ?研究了我國寒地建筑形態(tài)設(shè)計背景的獨特性與復(fù)雜性。在此基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合建筑氣候?qū)W、建筑形態(tài)學(xué)以及復(fù)雜性科學(xué)等交叉學(xué)科,提出了“集約整合、環(huán)境友好、有機共生”的契合時代發(fā)展需求的寒地建筑形態(tài)設(shè)計趨勢。寒地建筑形態(tài)與寒地環(huán)境之間的關(guān)系是極其復(fù)雜的,研究寒地建筑形態(tài)的適應(yīng)性,本質(zhì)上研究的是復(fù)雜適應(yīng)系統(tǒng)的問題。自組織是復(fù)雜適應(yīng)系統(tǒng)得以運轉(zhuǎn)的動力,因此,自組織為寒地建筑形態(tài)適寒系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)建提供了理論依據(jù)。本文以自組織的理論視角對寒地建筑形態(tài)系統(tǒng)進行構(gòu)建,利用自組織系統(tǒng)的開放性與交互性,將寒地建筑、建筑師與寒地環(huán)境作為統(tǒng)一的開放系統(tǒng),從而緊密的建立寒地建筑形態(tài)與環(huán)境的關(guān)聯(lián);并以自組織的相關(guān)理論為基礎(chǔ),研究了寒地建筑形態(tài)自組織適寒系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)建依據(jù),在此基礎(chǔ)上,利用自組織系統(tǒng)的反饋性、應(yīng)變性與協(xié)同性,從建筑形態(tài)系統(tǒng)的各個層級尺度,研究了寒地建筑形態(tài)自組織適寒的作用機制。建筑形態(tài)自組織適寒設(shè)計是對傳統(tǒng)寒地建筑形態(tài)的優(yōu)化,因此,本文提煉了傳統(tǒng)寒地建筑形態(tài)的基本原型,將其作為形態(tài)自組織適寒設(shè)計的優(yōu)化基礎(chǔ),并提出了寒地建筑從封閉走向開放、從被動走向優(yōu)適、從孤立走向系統(tǒng)的形態(tài)自組織適寒設(shè)計目標�；谏鲜隼碚摶A(chǔ),本文以有機體生長的內(nèi)在機制為建筑形態(tài)的生成邏輯,研究了“反饋機制下的腔體形態(tài)自組織適寒”、“應(yīng)變機制下的胞體形態(tài)自組織適寒”與“協(xié)同機制下的群落形態(tài)自組織適寒”的形態(tài)設(shè)計策略,并針對以上策略研究了具體設(shè)計方法。其目的是改變寒地建筑被動封閉的現(xiàn)狀,提高寒地建筑對能量的利用效率,增加寒地建筑的環(huán)境包容性,從而促使寒地建筑自發(fā)地、積極地、靈活地、并且高效的適應(yīng)寒地復(fù)雜環(huán)境。寒地建筑形態(tài)自組織適寒設(shè)計的提出,是從環(huán)境友好、生態(tài)關(guān)懷的角度建構(gòu)寒地建筑與環(huán)境的共生關(guān)系。將自組織理論引入形態(tài)適寒設(shè)計,優(yōu)化了傳統(tǒng)寒地建筑形態(tài)的基本原型;促進了寒地建筑以更加精準的形態(tài)反應(yīng)環(huán)境的作用力,在保證氣候抵御力的基礎(chǔ)上,以更加親和的方式融入環(huán)境;推動了寒地建筑從“被動抵御”走向“積極適應(yīng)”。形態(tài)自組織適寒設(shè)計是對傳統(tǒng)寒地建筑形態(tài)設(shè)計方法的優(yōu)化,它不僅僅局限于寒地建筑的節(jié)能,而是從更廣義的層面強調(diào)寒地建筑以更加開放的姿態(tài)面向民眾與環(huán)境,通過對地域資源的“最優(yōu)利用”實現(xiàn)寒地建筑與環(huán)境的“最優(yōu)關(guān)系”。
[Abstract]:The cold land building is an important part of the regional architecture system in China. The special climate is the restrictive condition for the design of the building form in the cold area. Under the harsh climate conditions, the realization of the application of the building, the economy, the green and the beautiful, and the improvement of the quality of the living environment are the fundamental problems to be continuously explored in the design of the cold land. In the long process of development, The cold ground building in China has formed a distinctive regional characteristic, which is unique from the spatial organization to the group layout. The design method of the traditional cold ground architecture is worth learning and using for reference. However, any architectural form is a fragment of the historical development process. With the progress of the times, the design method of the cold building form needs to be advanced. On the basis of the special climatic conditions in the cold area of China, this paper analyzes the restrictive factors of the structure design of the cold land from the environmental resources, the regional economy and the cultural background, and studies the construction form of the cold land in our country through the horizontal comparison with the climate characteristics and the water level of the human living environment in the cold regions of the developed countries. On this basis, combined with the cross disciplines such as architectural climatology, architectural morphology and complexity science, the design trend of "intensive integration, environment friendly and organic symbiosis" is proposed. The relationship between cold ground and cold environment is extremely important. It is complicated to study the adaptability of building form in cold area. In essence, it is the problem of complex adaptive system. Self organization is the driving force of complex adaptive system. Therefore, it provides a theoretical basis for the construction of cold ground system. Building, using the openness and interactivity of the self-organizing system, the cold ground architecture, the architect and the cold environment are used as a unified open system, and the relationship between the cold ground and the environment is closely established. Based on the self organizing theory, the construction basis of the cold land structure self organizing cold system is studied. With the feedback, change and synergy of the self-organizing system, the mechanism of the self organizing cold of the building form in the cold area is studied from each level scale of the architectural form system. The self organizing cold design of the building form is the optimization of the traditional cold ground. Therefore, the basic prototype of the traditional cold ground is put forward in this paper. In order to optimize the form of self organizing cold design, the objective of self organizing cold design is proposed from closed to open, from passive to optimum and from isolation to system. Based on the theory above, this paper takes the internal mechanism of organism growth as the generation logic of architectural form, and studies the "feedback mechanism". The shape of the cavity is self organizing cold, the form of the cell body is self-organizing under the strain mechanism and the form design strategy under the cooperative mechanism, and the specific design method is studied for the above strategy. The purpose is to change the current situation of the passive closure of the cold ground and improve the energy utilization efficiency of the cold ground building. Rate, increasing the environmental inclusiveness of the cold building, thus promoting the cold ground building spontaneously, actively, flexibly, and efficiently adapting to the complex environment of cold ground. The proposed self organizing cold design of cold ground is a symbiotic relationship between the construction of cold land and the environment from the angle of environment friendly and ecological care. The self organization theory is introduced into the form. The cold design has optimized the basic archetype of the traditional cold ground architecture, and promoted the cold ground building to respond more accurately to the environment. On the basis of ensuring the climate resistance, it integrated into the environment in a more compatible way, and promoted the cold ground building from "passive resistance" to "active adaptation". The design method of the traditional cold area is optimized. It is not limited to the energy saving of the cold ground, but from the broader level, it emphasizes that the cold buildings are more open to the public and the environment, and the "optimal relationship" of the cold land building and the environment is realized by "optimal utilization" of the regional resources.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：TU201
，

本文編號：1928102