本文關鍵詞：地方普通本科院校應用型人才培養(yǎng)研究　出處：《湖北工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 地方普通本科院校 應用型人才 內涵解析 發(fā)展障礙 發(fā)展保障

【摘要】：地方本科院校培養(yǎng)應用型人才是國家現(xiàn)階段教育改革和發(fā)展的重點,受國家的高度重視,建設制造強國的根本在于建設一批高質量的技術技能人才作為支撐,現(xiàn)有的職業(yè)教育難以滿足社會所需,因此發(fā)展和培養(yǎng)本科層次的應用型人才成為了新的重點。培養(yǎng)本科層次的應用型人才有著重要的現(xiàn)實與理論意義。普通本科院校培養(yǎng)應用型人才的內涵解析,從經(jīng)濟建設上是在經(jīng)濟結構性轉型升級和建設制造強國的需要,從教育體系上是構建現(xiàn)代職業(yè)教育體系完善人才培養(yǎng)機制的需要,從人才培養(yǎng)上是創(chuàng)新高校發(fā)展方式優(yōu)化技術人才結構的需要,從市場需求上是服務高端市場發(fā)展支撐經(jīng)濟結構轉型的需要,應用型人才的核心是“用”,本質是“學以致用”,用所學服務社會,特別是區(qū)域經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。應用型人才具體來講是指在屬性上具有應用能力的學術性工程型人才,以專業(yè)知識服務于經(jīng)濟建設,是素質、知識、技能和工程能力的全面培養(yǎng)與發(fā)展,以高等性和應用性為基本特征的高質量人才。其中素質是基礎,知識是保證,高技能是本質,工程能力是特征。緊抓普通本科院校應用型人才培養(yǎng)的基本,突出特色。本文用比較研究法,分析總結德國的應用科技大學、英國的多科技術學院、日本的技術科學大學發(fā)展的獨到之處與共同之處,其共同之處包括明確的辦學定位、積極創(chuàng)新人才培養(yǎng)模式、服務區(qū)域經(jīng)濟發(fā)展,并且加強國際化交流,這些相同因素對應用型人才培養(yǎng)都有著重要的影響,值得去借鑒。普通本科院校培養(yǎng)應用型人才的發(fā)展不能一蹴而就,既要借鑒國外的先進經(jīng)驗,也要認清國內發(fā)展的現(xiàn)狀,直面困境才能有所突破。建設應用型本科仍然存在著巨大的挑戰(zhàn),其中主要包括傳統(tǒng)思想觀念轉變不順暢,專業(yè)設置和課程內容缺乏合理性,師資隊伍不健全,實踐教學認識不深刻,管理體制落后,社會資源參與不順,這些發(fā)展障礙導致普通本科高校在培養(yǎng)應用型人才的過程中存在著很大的挑戰(zhàn)。同時院校的現(xiàn)代化、國際化發(fā)展還遠遠不夠,終身發(fā)展理念相對滯后。培養(yǎng)應用型人才既要立足自身的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和發(fā)展環(huán)境,同時借鑒國外的發(fā)展經(jīng)驗進行勇敢改革和積極建設。具體的建設措施包括:從宏觀層面政府加強頂層設計和加大宣傳營造氛圍,并堅持內涵發(fā)展,創(chuàng)新人才培養(yǎng)模式,針對普通本科院校應用型人才培養(yǎng)的短板有針對性的進行改進,并且在堅持走信息化、國家化和終身發(fā)展的道路,在此基礎上積極為應用型人才培養(yǎng)獻計獻策。建立建成應用型本科院校是系統(tǒng)性的工程,要統(tǒng)籌多方資源、匯聚多方力量,為地方普通本科院校提供發(fā)展保障。
[Abstract]:The cultivation of applied talents in local colleges and universities is the focus of the education reform and development at the present stage of our country. The foundation of building a powerful manufacturing country lies in the construction of a number of high-quality technical talents as the support of the country. The existing vocational education is difficult to meet the needs of society. Therefore, the development and cultivation of applied talents at the undergraduate level has become a new focus. The cultivation of applied talents at the undergraduate level has important practical and theoretical significance. In terms of economic construction, it is necessary to upgrade the economic structure and build a powerful manufacturing country. From the educational system, it is necessary to build a modern vocational education system to perfect the talent training mechanism. The cultivation of talents is the need of innovating the development mode of colleges and universities to optimize the structure of technical talents, the need of serving high-end market development to support the transformation of economic structure, and the core of applied talents is "use". The essence is "using learning to serve the society, especially the development of regional economy." the practical talents refer to the academic engineering talents who have the ability to apply in the attribute. Professional knowledge serves the economic construction, it is the all-round cultivation and development of quality, knowledge, skill and engineering ability, and the high quality talents with the basic characteristics of higher quality and application, in which quality is the foundation and knowledge is the guarantee. High skill is the essence and engineering ability is the characteristic. We should pay close attention to the basic training of applied talents in ordinary undergraduate colleges and give prominence to the characteristics. This paper analyzes and summarizes the German University of Applied Science and Technology by using the method of comparative research. The British polytechnic college and the Japanese university of technology are unique and common in their development. The common features include a clear orientation of running a school, a positive innovation of the talent training model, and a service for the development of regional economy. And strengthen international exchanges, these same factors have an important impact on the cultivation of application-oriented talents, it is worth learning. The development of ordinary colleges and universities to cultivate application-oriented talents can not be achieved overnight. It is necessary to learn from the advanced experience of foreign countries, but also to recognize the current situation of domestic development, to face the dilemma to break through. There are still great challenges in the construction of applied undergraduate course. Among them mainly includes the traditional idea change is not smooth, the specialty setup and the curriculum content lacks the rationality, the teacher troop is not perfect, the practice teaching understanding is not deep, the management system is backward, the social resources participation is not smooth. These obstacles lead to great challenges in the process of cultivating applied talents in colleges and universities. At the same time, the modernization of colleges and universities, internationalization development is far from enough. The concept of lifelong development is relatively lagging behind. The cultivation of applied talents should be based on their own development situation and development environment. At the same time learn from the development experience of foreign countries to carry out brave reform and positive construction. Specific construction measures include: from the macro level the government to strengthen the top-level design and increase publicity to create an atmosphere and adhere to the connotation of development. Innovative talent training model, aimed at the ordinary undergraduate colleges and universities to improve the short board of practical talent training, and adhere to the information, nationalization and lifelong development of the road. On the basis of this, we should actively contribute to the cultivation of applied talents. It is a systematic project to establish and build application-oriented undergraduate colleges and universities. It is necessary to coordinate all kinds of resources and pool all kinds of forces to provide development guarantee for local ordinary undergraduate colleges and universities.
【學位授予單位】：湖北工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G642

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