【摘要】：馬鈴薯是我國主要糧食作物之一,它的穩(wěn)定生產(chǎn)是保證我國糧食安全的重要基礎(chǔ)。內(nèi)蒙古武川縣作為全國馬鈴薯優(yōu)質(zhì)產(chǎn)區(qū),其生產(chǎn)的馬鈴薯曾是2008年北京奧運(yùn)會和2010年上海世博會的鮮食薯特供產(chǎn)品。獨(dú)特的資源稟賦,適宜的氣候?yàn)槲浯ǹh馬鈴薯的生長提供了非常有利的條件,馬鈴薯已成為武川縣最具代表性,種植面積最廣的農(nóng)作物。當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)民經(jīng)濟(jì)收入的一半以上主要來源于馬鈴薯產(chǎn)業(yè)。但是隨著我國城鎮(zhèn)化的不斷推進(jìn),武川縣人地關(guān)系發(fā)生了變化,耕地拋荒棄荒的現(xiàn)象時(shí)有發(fā)生。而且馬鈴薯的種植成本也不斷增加,再加上農(nóng)戶經(jīng)營分散,生產(chǎn)規(guī)模小,效益不高,品種結(jié)構(gòu)不合理,集約化程度差,滯銷頻繁等問題日漸凸顯。在此背景下有必要對武川縣馬鈴薯的規(guī)模化經(jīng)營進(jìn)行研究,以便為武川縣馬鈴薯產(chǎn)業(yè)更好的發(fā)展提供理論依據(jù)和建議。本文以規(guī)模經(jīng)濟(jì)理論為基礎(chǔ),從武川縣馬鈴薯規(guī)模化經(jīng)營現(xiàn)狀入手,通過分析當(dāng)前武川縣馬鈴薯的種植面積、產(chǎn)量、土地流轉(zhuǎn)情況、機(jī)械化程度、品牌建設(shè)情況、流通狀況及武川縣馬鈴薯規(guī)�；�(jīng)營的主要模式,全面闡述了武川縣馬鈴薯規(guī)�；�(jīng)營所面臨的問題,尤其是從馬鈴薯作為經(jīng)濟(jì)作物,帶動當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的戰(zhàn)略地位入手,闡明武川縣馬鈴薯規(guī)�；�(jīng)營的必要性。通過分析發(fā)現(xiàn),現(xiàn)階段武川縣馬鈴薯規(guī)�；�(jīng)營還存在:市場的波動帶來的農(nóng)戶對馬鈴薯價(jià)格的預(yù)期判斷不準(zhǔn)確,土地流轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)制不健全,經(jīng)營主體規(guī)模小、抗風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力弱,專業(yè)農(nóng)業(yè)推廣人員緊缺等問題,影響著武川縣馬鈴薯規(guī)�；�(jīng)營的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。通過實(shí)地調(diào)研,走訪武川縣農(nóng)牧業(yè)局,與有關(guān)農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣人員和當(dāng)?shù)鼐哂写硇缘慕?jīng)營主體負(fù)責(zé)人進(jìn)行探討,本文分別從土地流轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)制的完善,產(chǎn)銷環(huán)節(jié)的接通,新型職業(yè)農(nóng)民的培養(yǎng),政府扶持力度的加強(qiáng),經(jīng)營主體的規(guī)范和馬鈴薯生產(chǎn)、加工基地的建設(shè)等方面,給出了武川縣今后進(jìn)一步完善馬鈴薯規(guī)模化經(jīng)營的對策和建議,最后提出了對武川縣今后馬鈴薯規(guī)�；�(jīng)營發(fā)展前景的展望,以引導(dǎo)經(jīng)營主體真正地做到科學(xué)種植,規(guī)范管理,合理經(jīng)營,在提高產(chǎn)量、產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和增加農(nóng)民收入的同時(shí),也為其它地區(qū)馬鈴薯規(guī)�；�(jīng)營的發(fā)展提供一個(gè)參考依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Potato is one of the main food crops in China, and its stable production is an important basis to ensure food security in China. Wuchuan County, Inner Mongolia, as a national potato production area, its potato production was a special product of fresh potato for 2008 Beijing Olympic Games and 2010 Shanghai World Expo. The unique resource endowment and suitable climate provide very favorable conditions for the growth of potato in Wuchuan County. Potato has become the most representative and widely planted crop in Wuchuan County. More than half of the local farmers' economic income mainly comes from the potato industry. However, with the continuous progress of urbanization in China, the relationship between people and land in Wuchuan County has changed, and the phenomenon of cultivated land abandoning wasteland has occurred from time to time. Moreover, the planting cost of potato is also increasing, coupled with the scattered management of farmers, small production scale, low efficiency, unreasonable variety structure, poor degree of intensification, frequent unsalable and so on. In this context, it is necessary to study the large-scale management of potato in Wuchuan County, in order to provide theoretical basis and suggestions for the better development of potato industry in Wuchuan County. Based on the theory of economies of scale, this paper starts with the present situation of potato scale management in Wuchuan County, and analyzes the planting area, yield, land circulation, mechanization degree and brand construction of potato in Wuchuan County at present. The circulation situation and the main mode of potato scale management in Wuchuan County, this paper comprehensively expounds the problems faced by potato scale management in Wuchuan County, especially from the strategic position of potato as a cash crop to promote the development of local economy. The necessity of large-scale potato management in Wuchuan County was expounded. Through the analysis, it is found that there are still large-scale potato management in Wuchuan County at the present stage: the expected judgment of potato price caused by the fluctuation of the market is not accurate, the land circulation mechanism is not perfect, the scale of the main body is small, and the ability to resist risks is weak. The shortage of professional agricultural extension staff affects the further development of potato scale management in Wuchuan County. Through field investigation, visit Wuchuan County Bureau of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, and discuss with the relevant agricultural technology extension personnel and the local representative responsible persons of the main management body, this paper respectively from the improvement of the land circulation mechanism, production and marketing links, This paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions for further perfecting the large-scale management of potatoes in Wuchuan County in the aspects of the training of new professional farmers, the strengthening of government support, the standardization of the main body of management and the construction of potato production and processing bases, etc. Finally, the prospect of potato large-scale management in Wuchuan County in the future is put forward in order to guide the main body to truly achieve scientific planting, standardized management, reasonable management, while improving the output, product quality and farmers' income. It also provides a reference for the development of potato large-scale management in other areas.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F326.11

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