【摘要】：在內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展進(jìn)程中,新生代農(nóng)民工是城市建設(shè)的主力軍,是現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)的實(shí)踐者,其人力資本的增值能夠緩解城市化進(jìn)程的阻力,有助于現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程的加速。新生代農(nóng)民工的素質(zhì)問題已經(jīng)直接關(guān)系到城市化、現(xiàn)代化及和諧社會的建設(shè)。在社會人口老齡化趨勢下,人口紅利會逐漸減少,關(guān)注新生代農(nóng)民工的素質(zhì)提高,提高人力資本存量,是促進(jìn)內(nèi)蒙古向人力資源優(yōu)勢轉(zhuǎn)變的重要因素,因此加大農(nóng)民工人力資本投資力度,是非常必要的。目前,新生代農(nóng)民工問題的核心是其生存和發(fā)展問題,其生存和發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵在于其人力資本的投資力度和水平。但是,經(jīng)過調(diào)查內(nèi)蒙古地區(qū)農(nóng)民工的人力資本投資的現(xiàn)狀和問題發(fā)現(xiàn),人力資本投資出現(xiàn)很多問題,其中最大的問題是城市方面:由于農(nóng)民工培訓(xùn)的投資主體不明確,以及考慮到自身成本收益差異,人力資本投資形勢不容樂觀;其次是農(nóng)村方面,農(nóng)民工存在著根深蒂固的思想觀念,再加上經(jīng)濟(jì)能力不足、基礎(chǔ)教育和職業(yè)教育、健康教育滯后等因素制約了農(nóng)村人力資本的投資,阻礙了新生代向城鎮(zhèn)有效轉(zhuǎn)移,而且使他們難以在城鎮(zhèn)長久地發(fā)展下去。因此,內(nèi)蒙古地區(qū)的新生代農(nóng)民工人力資本水平還有待進(jìn)一步提高。本文在人力資本理論框架的基礎(chǔ)上,提出農(nóng)民工人力資本投資以及維度的觀點(diǎn)。首先介紹農(nóng)民工、人力資本的內(nèi)涵,闡述了新生代農(nóng)民工人力資本生成的理論依據(jù),具體地介紹新生代人力資本的特征、人力資本生成的四種方式;其次利用調(diào)查的數(shù)據(jù)具體闡述了內(nèi)蒙古新生代農(nóng)民工就業(yè)情況以及人力資本現(xiàn)狀,即教育、培訓(xùn)、醫(yī)療保健、流動遷移方面。再次,利用成本—收益分析方法對農(nóng)民工人力投資主體,主要涉及個人或家庭、用人單位和政府,具體分析影響人力資本投資的因素,最后得出,個人或家庭和用人單位對農(nóng)民工人力資本投資的局限性,為了彌補(bǔ)這種不足,政府應(yīng)該承擔(dān)起農(nóng)民工人力資本投資的主要責(zé)任,在農(nóng)民工人力資本形成中發(fā)揮主導(dǎo)作用。最后集中闡述了農(nóng)村人力資本投資維度的問題。通過分析新生代農(nóng)民工面臨的特殊約束條件,明確農(nóng)民工人力資本投資維度的指標(biāo)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,設(shè)計(jì)調(diào)查問卷并收集數(shù)據(jù),利用主成分分析法對農(nóng)民工人力資本的投資維度進(jìn)行歸類和分析;得出適合內(nèi)蒙古地區(qū)的人力資本投資維度選擇。最后,總結(jié)本文并闡述了有助于提升農(nóng)民工人力資本水平的建議。
[Abstract]:In the process of economic development of Inner Mongolia Autonomous region, the new generation of migrant workers is the main force of urban construction and the practitioner of modernization. The increment of its human capital can alleviate the resistance of urbanization and help accelerate the process of modernization. The quality of the new generation of migrant workers has a direct bearing on urbanization, modernization and the construction of a harmonious society. Under the trend of aging of the social population, the population dividend will gradually decrease. Paying attention to the quality improvement of the new generation of migrant workers and raising the stock of human capital are the important factors to promote the transformation of Inner Mongolia into the superiority of human resources. Therefore, it is very necessary to increase the human capital investment of migrant workers. At present, the core of the new generation of migrant workers is their survival and development, and the key to their survival and development lies in the investment intensity and level of their human capital. However, after investigating the present situation and problems of human capital investment of migrant workers in Inner Mongolia, it is found that there are many problems in human capital investment, the biggest of which is the urban aspect. And considering the difference of cost and income, the situation of human capital investment is not optimistic; Secondly, in rural areas, the rural migrant workers have deep-rooted ideas, coupled with the lack of economic capacity, basic and vocational education, health education and other factors that restrict the investment of rural human capital. It hinders the effective transfer of the new generation to the town, and makes it difficult for them to develop in the town for a long time. Therefore, the level of human capital of the new generation of migrant workers in Inner Mongolia needs to be further improved. Based on the theoretical framework of human capital, this paper puts forward the viewpoint of human capital investment and dimensions of migrant workers. Firstly, it introduces the connotation of migrant workers and human capital, expounds the theoretical basis of the generation of the human capital of the new generation of migrant workers, introduces the characteristics of the new generation of human capital and four ways of the generation of human capital. Secondly, the employment situation of the new generation of migrant workers in Inner Mongolia and the present situation of human capital, namely education, training, health care, mobility and migration, are described in detail by using the survey data. Thirdly, using the cost-benefit analysis method to analyze the main body of human capital investment of migrant workers, mainly involving individuals or families, employers and the government, analyzes the factors that affect the investment of human capital, and finally comes to a conclusion. In order to make up for the limitation of individual or family and employer's investment in migrant workers' human capital, the government should assume the main responsibility of human capital investment of migrant workers and play a leading role in the formation of migrant workers' human capital. At last, the paper focuses on the dimensions of human capital investment in rural areas. By analyzing the special constraint conditions of the new generation of migrant workers, the index of the dimensions of human capital investment of migrant workers is defined. On the basis of this, we design the questionnaire and collect the data, use principal component analysis to classify and analyze the dimensions of human capital investment of migrant workers, and get the human capital investment dimension choice suitable for Inner Mongolia. Finally, this paper summarizes and expounds the suggestions to improve the level of migrant workers' human capital.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F323.6

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