【摘要】：農(nóng)村宅基地改革背景下的村莊居民點規(guī)劃是進行土地整理、實現(xiàn)集約發(fā)展,進而推進農(nóng)村和農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化的重要途徑,然而盲目大量撤并村莊可能會加速農(nóng)村多元價值功能的消亡。因此在新一輪土地改革的背景下科學評估村莊發(fā)展?jié)摿?制定多元化、差別化的村莊布局優(yōu)化方案,是農(nóng)村發(fā)展的必然要求。本文研究對農(nóng)村居民點體系規(guī)劃研究具有一定的理論意義,為金寨縣城鄉(xiāng)居民點合理布局提供建議,促進其綜合競爭力的提高和區(qū)域可持續(xù)發(fā)展,推動區(qū)域城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)籌發(fā)展,同時對貧困山區(qū)農(nóng)村居民點在布局等層面的規(guī)劃優(yōu)化提供一定的借鑒和參考。本文集成運用景觀格局指數(shù)模型、空間自相關(guān)分析及空間統(tǒng)計分析等研究方法,分析縣域農(nóng)村居民點的空間特征、影響因子和優(yōu)化方案等,系統(tǒng)研究宅基地改革背景下農(nóng)村居民點的分布特征及其布局優(yōu)化策略。本文主要研究內(nèi)容及結(jié)論如下:(1)結(jié)合宅基地改革發(fā)展背景,通過文獻綜述歸納國內(nèi)有關(guān)農(nóng)村居民點布局優(yōu)化的研究與進展,并對各種布局優(yōu)化方法進行歸納總結(jié)。(2)農(nóng)村居民點空間分布特征。結(jié)合景觀格局指數(shù)模型及GIS空間分析方法,研究金寨縣農(nóng)村居民點分布現(xiàn)狀、空間分布特征及其影響因素,揭示金寨農(nóng)村居民點的布局現(xiàn)狀和問題,作為發(fā)展?jié)摿�、影響力評價和布局優(yōu)化研究的基礎。(3)農(nóng)村居民點綜合影響力評價指標構(gòu)建。提出宅基地改革背景下村莊居民點布局優(yōu)化的新思維。首先從經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、村鎮(zhèn)建設、區(qū)位條件、資源條件四方面選取指標,建立縣域?qū)用娴泥l(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)發(fā)展?jié)摿υu價指標體系。在此評價結(jié)果的基礎上,結(jié)合影響居民點布局的因素,從用地適宜性的角度,選取自然生態(tài)條件、居民點區(qū)位條件兩個方面,高程、坡度、地質(zhì)災害、坡向、距道路距離、距河流距離等具體指標構(gòu)建農(nóng)村居民點綜合發(fā)展?jié)摿υu價指標體系。從區(qū)域整體的視角,結(jié)合宅基地改革的背景,將評價結(jié)果劃分為低值遷并型、控制發(fā)展型、優(yōu)化合并型、重點拓展型四種類型,并提出居民點空間優(yōu)化調(diào)控的方案。(4)基于不同類型農(nóng)村居民點提出規(guī)劃引導策略。低值遷并區(qū)的農(nóng)村居民點綜合影響力相對較低,可以作為宅基地改革的重點引導遷移地區(qū)�？刂瓢l(fā)展區(qū)應該緊湊建設、提高土地使用效率,逐步調(diào)減人均指標。優(yōu)化合并區(qū),可以適當引導低值遷并區(qū)、控制發(fā)展區(qū)規(guī)模小、分布散。重點拓展區(qū)應進行小范圍的遷并整理,適合零散分布的農(nóng)村居民點整理。
[Abstract]:The village settlement planning under the background of rural homestead reform is an important way to carry out land consolidation, realize intensive development, and then promote the modernization of countryside and agriculture. However, blind and large number of villages may accelerate the disappearance of rural multiple value function. Therefore, under the background of the new round of land reform, it is an inevitable requirement for rural development to assess the potential of village development scientifically, and to formulate a pluralistic and differentiated optimization scheme of village layout. The research in this paper has certain theoretical significance to the study of rural residential land system planning, provides suggestions for the rational distribution of urban and rural residential areas in Jinzhai County, promotes the improvement of its comprehensive competitiveness and regional sustainable development, and promotes the overall development of regional urban and rural areas. At the same time, it provides some reference and reference for the layout and optimization of rural residential areas in poor mountainous areas. Based on landscape pattern index model, spatial autocorrelation analysis and spatial statistical analysis, this paper analyzes the spatial characteristics, influence factors and optimization schemes of rural residential areas in county area. This paper systematically studies the distribution characteristics and layout optimization strategies of rural residential areas under the background of homestead reform. The main contents and conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) combined with the background of homestead reform and development, this paper summarizes the research and progress of rural residential land layout optimization through literature review. And various layout optimization methods are summarized. (2) the spatial distribution characteristics of rural residential areas. Combined with landscape pattern index model and GIS spatial analysis method, the present situation, spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of rural residential areas in Jinzhai County are studied, and the present situation and problems of the distribution of rural residential areas in Jinzhai County are revealed as the development potential. The foundation of influence evaluation and layout optimization. (3) Construction of comprehensive influence evaluation index of rural residential areas. This paper puts forward a new thinking of optimizing the distribution of village residential areas under the background of homestead reform. Firstly, the indexes are selected from four aspects: economic development, village and town construction, location condition and resource condition, and the evaluation index system of township development potential at county level is established. On the basis of the evaluation results, combined with the factors affecting the distribution of residential areas, from the point of view of the suitability of land use, two aspects of natural ecological conditions, residential location conditions, elevation, slope, geological hazard, slope direction, distance from the road, are selected. The evaluation index system of the comprehensive development potential of rural residential areas is constructed with the distance from rivers and other specific indicators. From the perspective of regional integration and the background of house land reform, the evaluation results are divided into four types: low value moving and merging type, controlling development type, optimizing merging type, and focusing on expansion type. And put forward the residential space optimization control scheme. (4) based on different types of rural settlements planning guidance strategy. The comprehensive influence of the rural residential areas with low value is relatively low, which can be used as the focal point of the homestead reform to guide the relocation areas. Control development area should be compact construction, improve the efficiency of land use, gradually reduce per capita indicators. By optimizing the merging area, the low value region can be properly guided, and the control development area is small and scattered. Small-scale relocation and consolidation should be carried out in key developed areas, suitable for scattered rural settlements consolidation.
【學位授予單位】：安徽建筑大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F301.3

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