【摘要】：2013年中央一號(hào)文件提出,堅(jiān)持依法自愿有償?shù)脑瓌t,引導(dǎo)農(nóng)村土地承包經(jīng)營(yíng)權(quán)有序流轉(zhuǎn),鼓勵(lì)和支持承包土地向?qū)I(yè)大戶、家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)、農(nóng)民合作社流轉(zhuǎn),發(fā)展多種形式的適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)。家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)的發(fā)展對(duì)中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展意義重大,規(guī)�；�(jīng)營(yíng)可以極大解決中國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)土地細(xì)碎化帶來(lái)的效率低下問(wèn)題,但如何合理而又有效的管理好家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng),來(lái)獲得最大的收益,成為了家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)發(fā)展的一大難題。廣州市已經(jīng)步入高度城市化階段,廣州農(nóng)村居民和農(nóng)業(yè)從業(yè)者已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)少數(shù)群體,大部分農(nóng)民以兼業(yè)為主,來(lái)自非農(nóng)之外的工資性收入已經(jīng)占到絕大部分,農(nóng)村土地市場(chǎng)已經(jīng)逐步形成,隨著農(nóng)村勞動(dòng)力的非農(nóng)化,家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)的發(fā)展已經(jīng)具備條件。培育家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)為主的新型農(nóng)業(yè)主體已經(jīng)成為廣州市農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的重要方向。本文主要對(duì)廣州市家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和運(yùn)營(yíng)困境進(jìn)行研究。本研究對(duì)從化、增城、番禺、花都和白云區(qū)政府部門進(jìn)行了訪談,了解了各地家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)的發(fā)展?fàn)顩r,走訪了各地家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng),以花都和增城的三個(gè)家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)為例,深入分析了廣州市家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)的經(jīng)營(yíng)情況。發(fā)現(xiàn)廣州市家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)在運(yùn)營(yíng)中存在如下幾個(gè)問(wèn)題:一是土地細(xì)碎,用地缺乏,土地租金連年上漲;二是用工成本高,勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)效率低下;三是財(cái)務(wù)系統(tǒng)缺乏、資金短缺嚴(yán)重,融資渠道非常有限;四是物資管理不規(guī)范;五是經(jīng)營(yíng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)大,自然災(zāi)害嚴(yán)重,價(jià)格波動(dòng)幅度大;六是銷售渠道單一。促進(jìn)土地的長(zhǎng)期流轉(zhuǎn)將能為廣州市家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)發(fā)展提供穩(wěn)定的預(yù)期,推動(dòng)規(guī)�；�,連片土地抵押擔(dān)保將能解決農(nóng)場(chǎng)經(jīng)營(yíng)中資金短缺的困難。提供農(nóng)業(yè)政策性保險(xiǎn)將能減少農(nóng)場(chǎng)經(jīng)營(yíng)中的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。普及農(nóng)場(chǎng)管理的知識(shí),如土地、勞動(dòng)力、物資、財(cái)務(wù)管理的基本知識(shí)將能提高農(nóng)場(chǎng)主的經(jīng)營(yíng)能力,改善家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)運(yùn)營(yíng)中存在的問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:The No. 1 document of the Central Committee in 2013 stated that the principle of voluntary compensation in accordance with law should be adhered to, guiding the orderly circulation of contracted land management rights in rural areas, and encouraging and supporting the transfer of contracted land to professional large households, family farms, and farmers' cooperatives. Develop a variety of forms of moderate scale operation. The development of family farms is of great significance to the development of agriculture in China. The large-scale operation can solve the problem of inefficiency brought about by the fragmentation of agricultural land in China, but how to manage the family farms reasonably and effectively to obtain the greatest benefits. It has become a difficult problem in the development of family farms. Guangzhou has entered the stage of high urbanization. Rural residents and agricultural practitioners in Guangzhou have become a minority group. Most farmers are mainly engaged in part-time work, and wage income from outside of agriculture accounts for most of the income. The rural land market has gradually formed, with the rural labor force non-agricultural, the development of family farm has the conditions. It has become an important direction of agricultural industry development in Guangzhou to cultivate a new type of agricultural subject which is based on family farm. In this paper, the development of Guangzhou family farm and the plight of the operation were studied. In this study, the government departments of Conghua, Zengcheng, Panyu, Huadu and Baiyun District were interviewed to understand the development of family farms in various places, and visited family farms in various places, taking Huadu and Zengcheng's three family farms as examples. The management of Guangzhou family farm is analyzed in depth. It is found that there are several problems in the operation of Guangzhou family farm as follows: first, the land is broken down, the land is short of land, the land rent increases year after year; the second is the high cost of employment and the low efficiency of labor production; the third is the lack of financial system and the serious shortage of funds. Financing channel is very limited; fourth, material management is not standardized; fifth, management risk is large, natural disaster is serious, price fluctuation is large; sixth, sales channel is single. To promote the long-term circulation of land will provide a stable expectation for the development of family farms in Guangzhou, promote the scale of the land mortgage guarantee will solve the shortage of funds in farm management difficulties. Providing agricultural policy insurance will reduce risks in farm operations. Popularizing the knowledge of farm management, such as land, labor, material and financial management, will improve the farmer's management ability and the problems existing in the family farm operation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華南農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F324.1

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