【摘要】：有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)作為一種健康生態(tài)可持續(xù)的農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展方式產(chǎn)生于20世紀(jì)70年代,目前已進(jìn)入有機(jī)3.0時(shí)代,標(biāo)志著有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)進(jìn)入了一個(gè)新的歷史發(fā)展階段。隨著一系列生態(tài)環(huán)境問(wèn)題的出現(xiàn),以及人們生活水平的逐漸提高,人們對(duì)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量安全問(wèn)題更加重視,對(duì)保護(hù)環(huán)境的發(fā)展更加期待。有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)由于其對(duì)生產(chǎn)、加工過(guò)程的高質(zhì)量要求、嚴(yán)過(guò)程控制,其產(chǎn)品受到越來(lái)越多人的青睞,這在一定程度上拉動(dòng)了有機(jī)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的市場(chǎng)需求。有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)遵循健康、生態(tài)、公平、關(guān)愛(ài)的原則,將土壤、植物、動(dòng)物、人類和整個(gè)地球的健康作為一個(gè)不可分割的整體而加以維持和加強(qiáng),確保有利于健康、安全和環(huán)境友好,對(duì)于人類的安全發(fā)展、可持續(xù)發(fā)展具有十分重要的意義。因此,有機(jī)生產(chǎn)方式越來(lái)越受到重視,國(guó)內(nèi)外都有大量的實(shí)踐。云南作為我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)后發(fā)展地區(qū),工業(yè)污染少,具備獨(dú)特的地理區(qū)位、良好的氣候和生態(tài)環(huán)境優(yōu)勢(shì),是我國(guó)最適宜發(fā)展有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)的地區(qū)之一。從理論上看,有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)是云南高原特色現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的一個(gè)重要方向,它能夠有效促進(jìn)云南高原特色現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)健康發(fā)展,有利于提升農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展水平,為云南高原特色農(nóng)業(yè)品牌帶來(lái)溢價(jià)。從有機(jī)認(rèn)證視角看,云南高原特色有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展處于剛起步階段,有機(jī)認(rèn)證對(duì)有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)市場(chǎng)起到一定的規(guī)范作用,但是云南高原特色有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展過(guò)程中存在諸多問(wèn)題,束縛了云南高原特色有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)集群的發(fā)展,找出限制高原特色有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)集群發(fā)展的重要因素已成為云南省有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)。本文以云南高原特色有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)集群為研究對(duì)象,從經(jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)、生態(tài)三個(gè)方面對(duì)云南高原特色有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)集群的綜合效應(yīng)進(jìn)行研究,找出有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)集群發(fā)展過(guò)程中存在的問(wèn)題,對(duì)癥下藥。本文研究的主要內(nèi)容包括以下三點(diǎn):(1)文獻(xiàn)綜述與實(shí)地調(diào)研相結(jié)合,總結(jié)云南高原特色有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀;利用波特“鉆石模型”從生產(chǎn)要素、市場(chǎng)需求、相關(guān)與支撐產(chǎn)業(yè)、企業(yè)戰(zhàn)略與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)、機(jī)遇因素、政府因素等六個(gè)方面定性分析云南高原特色有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)集群形成的條件;運(yùn)用定量的區(qū)位商方法測(cè)算云南高原特色有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)集群區(qū)域的集群程度并分析。(2)遵循指標(biāo)體系構(gòu)建的基本原則,構(gòu)建由經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng)、社會(huì)效應(yīng)、生態(tài)效應(yīng)為主要框架的3個(gè)一級(jí)指標(biāo),有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展效應(yīng)、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)效應(yīng)、城鎮(zhèn)規(guī)模效應(yīng)、空間區(qū)位效應(yīng)、技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效應(yīng)、農(nóng)民福利效應(yīng)、環(huán)境改善效應(yīng)、生產(chǎn)條件效應(yīng)、有機(jī)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量效應(yīng)等9個(gè)二級(jí)指標(biāo)和29個(gè)三級(jí)指標(biāo)的框架體系,先分別運(yùn)用層次分析法和熵權(quán)法計(jì)算各個(gè)指標(biāo)權(quán)重,最后運(yùn)用組合賦權(quán)法確定評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)的綜合權(quán)重。(3)根據(jù)確定的指標(biāo)綜合權(quán)重,計(jì)算2011-2015年云南省高原特色有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)集群產(chǎn)生的經(jīng)濟(jì)效應(yīng)、社會(huì)效應(yīng)、生態(tài)效應(yīng)以及綜合效應(yīng)的評(píng)價(jià)值進(jìn)行分析,找出發(fā)展過(guò)程中存在的主要問(wèn)題,并提出相應(yīng)的發(fā)展對(duì)策與建議。
[Abstract]:Organic agriculture, as a sustainable agricultural development mode of healthy ecology, came into being in the 1970s, and has entered the organic 3.0 era, which indicates that organic agriculture has entered a new historical development stage. With the emergence of a series of ecological environmental problems and the gradual improvement of people's living standards, people pay more attention to the quality and safety of agricultural products, and look forward to the development of environmental protection. Organic agriculture is favored by more and more people because of its high quality requirement and strict process control in production and processing process, which to some extent drives the market demand of organic agricultural products. Organic agriculture, guided by the principles of health, ecology, equity and care, maintains and strengthens the health of soil, plants, animals, human beings and the entire planet as an indivisible whole, ensuring health, safety and environmental friendliness, For the security of human development, sustainable development has a very important significance. Therefore, more and more attention has been paid to the organic production mode, and there are a lot of practices at home and abroad. Yunnan is one of the most suitable areas for the development of organic agriculture in China because of its low industrial pollution, unique geographical location, good climate and ecological environmental advantages. In theory, organic agriculture is an important direction in the development of Yunnan plateau characteristic modern agriculture. It can effectively promote the healthy development of Yunnan plateau characteristic modern agriculture and promote the level of agricultural development. For Yunnan plateau characteristics of agricultural brands to bring a premium. From the perspective of organic certification, the development of characteristic organic agriculture in Yunnan plateau is just in its infancy, and organic certification plays a normative role in the organic agriculture market. However, there are many problems in the development of organic agriculture with characteristics in Yunnan plateau. It has restricted the development of Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture cluster and found out the important factors that restrict the development of Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture cluster which has become the focus of attention of Yunnan province organic agriculture. This paper takes Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture cluster as the research object, studies the comprehensive effect of Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture cluster from the three aspects of economy, society and ecology, and finds out the problems existing in the development process of the organic agriculture cluster. an antidote against the disease The main contents of this paper include the following three points: (1) combining literature review with field investigation, summarizing the development status of Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture, using Porter's Diamond Model to analyze the factors of production, market demand, correlation and support industry, The forming conditions of Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture cluster are analyzed qualitatively from six aspects: enterprise strategy and competition, opportunity factor, government factor and so on. The paper uses the quantitative location quotient method to measure and analyze the cluster degree of Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture cluster area. (2) following the basic principle of the index system construction, the economic effect and social effect are constructed. Ecological effect is the three primary indexes of the main frame, organic agriculture development effect, competitive advantage effect, town scale effect, spatial location effect, technological innovation effect, farmer welfare effect, environment improvement effect, production condition effect, etc. The frame system of 9 secondary indexes and 29 tertiary indexes, such as organic product quality effect, is used to calculate the weight of each index by using AHP and entropy weight method, respectively. Finally, the combined weighting method is used to determine the comprehensive weight of the evaluation index. (3) according to the comprehensive weight of the index, the economic effect and social effect of Yunnan plateau characteristic organic agriculture cluster from 2011-2015 are calculated. The evaluation value of ecological effect and comprehensive effect is analyzed to find out the main problems existing in the process of development and to put forward the corresponding development countermeasures and suggestions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：昆明理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F327

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