【摘要】：從1947年到1985年,在內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)黨委和政府的積極倡導(dǎo)和民眾的廣泛參與下,自治區(qū)廣大干部和群眾積極植樹造林。植樹造林事業(yè)在各個歷史階段呈現(xiàn)出了不同形態(tài)。內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)的植樹造林事業(yè)興起于國民經(jīng)濟恢復(fù)時期。在此期間,內(nèi)蒙古地區(qū)實施重點造林和公私合作造林,進行防護林工程建設(shè)。由于當(dāng)時還處于恢復(fù)國民經(jīng)濟的歷史階段,植樹造林事業(yè)也處在起步當(dāng)中,所以造林總量不夠大,這也為以后植樹造林事業(yè)的發(fā)展打下了基礎(chǔ)。在社會主義改造時期,植樹造林開始依靠農(nóng)業(yè)互助組和生產(chǎn)合作社。這一時期是植樹造林平穩(wěn)發(fā)展,造林面積也平穩(wěn)增長,其生態(tài)效果也開始顯現(xiàn)。在全面建設(shè)社會主義時期,堅持“以集體為主,國家、集體、個人三結(jié)合”的原則,實行公社造林和國營造林并舉。由于大躍進和人民公社化的推行,從1958年到1960年,造林面積出現(xiàn)了大幅度的增加。由于政策失誤,從1961年到1963年,造林面積出現(xiàn)了低谷。但是及時調(diào)整了政策,植樹造林事業(yè)又恢復(fù)了正常。在“文化大革命”期間,植樹造林事業(yè)可分為倒退和恢復(fù)兩個階段�！拔母铩鼻捌�,許多行之有效的林業(yè)方針政策被廢除,挫傷了群眾植樹造林的積極性,導(dǎo)致造林面積的逐年下降�！拔母铩焙笃�,由于林業(yè)方針政策的逐步恢復(fù),植樹造林事業(yè)開始恢復(fù)正常,造林面積也不斷增長。十一屆三中全會以后,植樹造林方針開始由“國家、集體、個人一齊上”調(diào)整為“個體、集體、國家一齊上,以家庭經(jīng)營為主”。從1979年到1985年,建設(shè)完成了“三北”防護林第一期工程。這一時期植樹造林面積出現(xiàn)了前所未有的增加,也取得了很好的生態(tài)和經(jīng)濟效果。
[Abstract]:From 1947 to 1985, with the active advocacy of the party committee and government of Inner Mongolia Autonomous region and the extensive participation of the people, the cadres and masses of the Autonomous region actively planted trees and afforestation. Afforestation has shown different forms in each historical stage. The afforestation cause of Inner Mongolia Autonomous region sprang up in the period of national economic recovery. During this period, Inner Mongolia implementation of key afforestation and public-private cooperation afforestation, shelterbelt construction. At that time, it was still in the historical stage of restoring the national economy, and the afforestation cause was also in the beginning, so the total amount of afforestation was not large enough, which also laid the foundation for the development of afforestation in the future. During the period of socialist transformation, afforestation began to rely on agricultural mutual-aid groups and production cooperatives. This period is a stable development of afforestation, afforestation area is also stable growth, its ecological effects are also beginning to show. In the period of building socialism in an all-round way, we adhered to the principle of "the collective as the main body, the state, the collective and the individual", and carried out both commune afforestation and state-run afforestation. As a result of the Great Leap forward and the people's commune, from 1958 to 1960, the afforestation area increased greatly. As a result of policy error, from 1961 to 1963, afforestation area appeared low. However, timely adjustment of the policy, afforestation cause has returned to normal. During the Cultural Revolution, afforestation could be divided into two stages: retrogression and restoration. In the early period of the Cultural Revolution, many effective forestry policies were abolished, which dampened the enthusiasm of the masses to plant trees and resulted in the decrease of afforestation area year by year. In the late period of the Cultural Revolution, due to the gradual restoration of forestry policy, afforestation began to return to normal, and the afforestation area also increased. After the third Plenary session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, the afforestation policy began to be adjusted from "the state, the collective, and the individual together" to "individual, collective, and national together, with family management in the main". From 1979 to 1985, the first phase of the "three North" shelterbelt project was completed. During this period, the area of afforestation has been increased, and good ecological and economic effects have been achieved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：內(nèi)蒙古師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F326.2

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