本文選題：多維貧困　切入點(diǎn)：創(chuàng)業(yè)水平　出處：《吉首大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：貧困問題,長(zhǎng)期以來都是經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會(huì)進(jìn)步道路上無法回避的重點(diǎn)與難點(diǎn)問題。針對(duì)貧困問題,學(xué)界在減貧理論、扶貧對(duì)策等的研究上給予了高度的重視,并為此進(jìn)行了大量的研究工作。大湘西地區(qū)位于武陵山連片特困地區(qū)腹地,本地區(qū)傳統(tǒng)意義上的扶貧工作多以政府單一主體為主導(dǎo),以財(cái)政轉(zhuǎn)移支付和外部性發(fā)展因素注入為主要發(fā)展路徑,這一模式在長(zhǎng)期的扶貧進(jìn)程中無疑取得了很大的成績(jī)。但隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展模式與趨勢(shì)的不斷變化,特別是進(jìn)入“新常態(tài)”以來,扶貧工作的復(fù)雜性和艱巨性凸顯,扶貧工作開始面臨覆蓋難、推進(jìn)難、維持難、發(fā)展難等諸多難題,傳統(tǒng)的扶貧路徑開始進(jìn)入瓶頸期。論文以“精準(zhǔn)扶貧”的政策指向,著力于突破傳統(tǒng)扶貧績(jī)效評(píng)價(jià)模式和扶貧工作路徑,在BOP創(chuàng)業(yè)理論、能力貧困理論等相關(guān)理論基礎(chǔ)上,探討創(chuàng)業(yè)對(duì)地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值(GDP)和多維減貧效應(yīng)的貢獻(xiàn)。構(gòu)建了以創(chuàng)業(yè)水平為解釋變量、以地區(qū)生產(chǎn)總值、固定資產(chǎn)投資和財(cái)政支出為控制變量,以多維貧困指數(shù)為被解釋變量的多元回歸模型,利用大湘西地區(qū)2001-2015年的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):1、地區(qū)創(chuàng)業(yè)水平對(duì)地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展發(fā)展有顯著貢獻(xiàn);2、創(chuàng)業(yè)水平對(duì)多維減貧有顯著貢獻(xiàn)。在此基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)一步比較了大湘西地區(qū)與湖南省及全國(guó)在2015年創(chuàng)業(yè)水平、多維減貧效應(yīng)方面的差異,然后發(fā)現(xiàn)大湘西地區(qū)之所以在多維減貧的進(jìn)展方面落后于湖南省和全國(guó)的水平,最主要的原因是創(chuàng)業(yè)水平遠(yuǎn)低于全省和全國(guó)的水平;3、地區(qū)創(chuàng)業(yè)水平與地區(qū)國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值(GDP)及多維貧困之間存在中介效應(yīng),GDP作為中介變量,創(chuàng)業(yè)水平的升高帶動(dòng)地區(qū)GDP的增長(zhǎng),地區(qū)GDP的增長(zhǎng)提升了減貧效應(yīng)。因此,論文提出了相應(yīng)的促進(jìn)大湘西地區(qū)創(chuàng)業(yè)特別是是貧困人口創(chuàng)業(yè)水平的對(duì)策建議,以此來加快大湘西地區(qū)精準(zhǔn)扶貧的進(jìn)程。
[Abstract]:For a long time, the problem of poverty has been an unavoidable focus and difficulty on the road of economic development and social progress. In view of the problem of poverty, the academic circles have attached great importance to the research of poverty reduction theory, poverty alleviation countermeasures, and so on. For this reason, a great deal of research work has been carried out. The western part of Hunan is located in the hinterland of Wuling Mountain, and the poverty alleviation work in the traditional sense of this region is dominated by the single government subject. With fiscal transfer payment and external development factor injection as the main development path, this model has undoubtedly made great achievements in the long-term poverty alleviation process, but with the continuous changes of economic development model and trend, In particular, since entering the "new normal", the complexity and arduousness of poverty alleviation work has been highlighted. Poverty alleviation work has begun to face many difficulties, such as the difficulty of covering, promoting, maintaining, developing, and so on. The traditional poverty alleviation path begins to enter the bottleneck period. The paper focuses on breaking through the traditional poverty alleviation performance evaluation model and poverty alleviation work path, based on the related theories such as BOP entrepreneurship theory, capacity poverty theory and so on. This paper discusses the contribution of entrepreneurship to the regional GDP (GDP) and multi-dimensional poverty reduction effects. The paper constructs a system that takes the level of entrepreneurship as the explanatory variable, and the regional GDP, fixed asset investment and fiscal expenditure as the controlling variables. A multivariate regression model with multidimensional poverty index as the explanatory variable is used to make empirical analysis by using the statistical data from 2001 to 2015 in West Hunan. The results show that the level of regional entrepreneurship has a significant contribution to the development of regional economy and the level of entrepreneurship to multi-dimensional poverty reduction. On this basis, the entrepreneurial level in West Hunan is further compared with the level of entrepreneurship in Hunan Province and the whole country in 2015. The difference in the effect of multidimensional poverty reduction, and then found that the development of multidimensional poverty reduction in West Hunan Province lags behind the level of Hunan Province and the whole country. The main reason is that the level of entrepreneurship is much lower than that of the whole province and the whole country. The intermediary effect exists between the level of regional entrepreneurship and regional gross domestic product (GDP) and multi-dimensional poverty. The rising level of entrepreneurship leads to the growth of regional GDP. The growth of regional GDP has promoted the effect of poverty reduction. Therefore, the paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions to promote entrepreneurship, especially the level of the poor population, in order to speed up the process of precision poverty alleviation in the Great Xiangxi region.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉首大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F323.8;F279.27

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