本文選題：仰韶文化遺址　切入點：古土地利用　出處：《中國地質(zhì)大學(北京)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：古文化遺址是古人類生產(chǎn)和生活活動留下的遺跡,見證了人類文明的發(fā)展,對古遺址進行調(diào)查和研究,是恢復古人類土地利用活動以及探討文明演變的重要手段,從而能為發(fā)現(xiàn)和保護文化遺址提供科學參考,對傳承文明也具有不可替代的作用。仰韶文化時期已經(jīng)具備了一定規(guī)模的土地利用,對仰韶文化遺址區(qū)進行古土地利用恢復研究對進一步了解仰韶文化時期人類活動以及恢復古人類真實的生存狀況有著重要的意義,也為考古學、地理學等多學科融合提供了研究基礎。本研究基于歷史學家、考古學家、地理學家等的研究成果,借助地理信息系統(tǒng)的空間分析功能和Logistic回歸分析方法預測了遺址點的空間分布概率,運用空間統(tǒng)計分析方法得出了遺址點空間分布結(jié)構(gòu)類型與特征,最后在估算土地利用需求的基礎上,將古土地利用面積按區(qū)域各點按概率高低進行分配,恢復了仰韶文化遺址區(qū)的古土地利用空間分布。具體結(jié)果如下:(1)發(fā)現(xiàn)遺址點分布具有一定的空間地理特征,得出了遺址點分布與海拔高度、坡度、坡向以及距河流水平距離等環(huán)境因素的回歸方程式,相關(guān)系數(shù)分別為0.245、-0.504、-0.449和-0.042,通過GIS生成了遺址點空間分布概率圖,并建立了影響仰韶村文化遺址區(qū)內(nèi)遺址點分布的因子指標體系;(2)對遺址點空間分布結(jié)構(gòu)特征進行了分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)遺址點分布空間結(jié)構(gòu)類型為凝聚型,結(jié)構(gòu)特征為集中型;(3)對古土地利用需求進行了估算,得出古土地利用面積為849791 m2,按照土地利用概率將古土地利用面積進行分配,得到了古土地利用空間分布圖,并通過了土壤P元素實驗的驗證,說明了土地利用空間分配的合理性。GIS空間分析方法、二元Logistic回歸分析方法以及空間統(tǒng)計分析方法在恢復古土地利用空間分布的研究中取得了良好的成效,遺址區(qū)遺址點分布與周圍環(huán)境特征存在著一定的相關(guān)關(guān)系;古土地利用需求參數(shù)能有效恢復古人類對土地利用的需求;對仰韶文化遺址古土地利用恢復進行研究,有助于我們更深層次的了解古人類的生存狀況、土地利用情況以及仰韶文明的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Ancient cultural sites are the remains of the production and life of ancient human beings. They bear witness to the development of human civilization. The investigation and study of ancient sites is an important means to restore the land use activities of ancient human beings and to explore the evolution of civilization. Therefore, it can provide scientific reference for the discovery and protection of cultural sites and play an irreplaceable role in the transmission of civilization. During the Yangshao culture period, land use on a certain scale was already available. The study of ancient land use and restoration in Yangshao cultural site area is of great significance for further understanding of human activities during the Yangshao culture period and for restoring the true living conditions of ancient human beings, which is also called archaeology. This research is based on the research of historians, archaeologists, geologists, etc. The spatial distribution probability of sites is predicted by using the spatial analysis function of GIS and Logistic regression analysis, and the types and characteristics of spatial distribution structure of sites are obtained by using the spatial statistical analysis method. Finally, on the basis of estimating the demand for land use, the area of ancient land use is allocated according to the probability of each point in the region. The spatial distribution of ancient land use in the Yangshao cultural site area has been restored. The concrete results are as follows: 1) it is found that the distribution of site sites has certain spatial geographical characteristics, and the distribution of site sites and altitude and slope are obtained. The regression equation of environmental factors such as slope direction and horizontal distance from river, the correlation coefficient is 0.245 ~ -0.504 ~ -0.449 and -0.042, respectively. The probability map of spatial distribution of site sites is generated by GIS. A factor index system which affects the distribution of site sites in Yangshao Village cultural site area is established. The structural characteristics of site site spatial distribution are analyzed. It is found that the spatial structure type of site distribution is condensed type. The structural characteristics of this paper are as follows: (1) the demand for ancient land use is estimated, and the area of ancient land use is 849791 m2. According to the probability of land use, the area of ancient land use is allocated, and the spatial distribution map of ancient land use is obtained. The rationality of spatial allocation of land use and the spatial analysis method of GIS were proved by the experiment of P element in soil. The binary Logistic regression analysis method and the spatial statistical analysis method have achieved good results in the research of restoring the spatial distribution of ancient land use, and there is a certain correlation between the distribution of site sites in the site area and the characteristics of the surrounding environment. The parameters of ancient land use demand can effectively restore the ancient people's demand for land use, and the research on the ancient land use and restoration of Yangshao cultural site will be helpful to us to understand the living conditions of ancient people at a deeper level. Land use and the development of Yangshao civilization.
【學位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F301.2

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本文編號：1696325