本文選題：碳排放　切入點：碳排放強度　出處：《華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：氣候變暖已經(jīng)成為全世界普遍關注的壞境問題。引發(fā)這個問題的關鍵點是因為二氧化碳的排放量越來越多。本世紀以來,陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳循環(huán)問題已然成為全世界有關學術范圍內(nèi)的重點研究領域。過往研究結果表明,由于人類活動所導致的用地類型由一種方式向另一種方向的改變是引起氣候變暖的第二重要原因,排在燃燒化石能源的后面。由于各種類型用地對于碳排放的作用是不相同的,由此可以研究各種用地類型對于碳排放的不同作用,從而能進一步的探討土地利用的改變對于碳排放效應的影響作用。在此基礎上,對于減少碳排放目標,調(diào)整土地利用利用結構、合理利用土地資源具有相當重要的理論與實踐意義。本文以國內(nèi)外相關學者的研究為基礎,以廣西重工業(yè)城市——柳州市為實證,根據(jù)柳州市2003-2012年的土地變更數(shù)據(jù)和能源消耗數(shù)據(jù)以及相關社會經(jīng)濟數(shù)據(jù),首先構建計算土地利用碳排放的數(shù)學模型,分析柳州市2003-2012年之間的土地構成與碳排放之間的關系,從碳排放量、碳強度、碳足跡與碳生態(tài)補償量四個角度探討柳州市10年的土地利用碳排放效應。隨后,運用灰色系統(tǒng)理論關聯(lián)測度模型對土地構成與碳排放之間進行測度,通過兩者之間相關性的差異研究降低土地利用碳排放的有效措施。隨后,建設多種目標的線性規(guī)劃數(shù)學模型,以碳減排為導向,結合土地利用的經(jīng)濟與生態(tài)收益,對柳州市的土地利用構成進行調(diào)整,探討符合柳州市的低碳發(fā)展的土地利用建議與措施。本文研究結果如下:(1)柳州市的土地利用碳排放總量出現(xiàn)了先快速增長后緩慢增長的趨勢,以2009年為分界點。建設用地是主要的碳源,林地是主要的碳匯,園地、草地、水域及其他未利用地的碳匯功能較弱。建設用地的碳排放能力遠遠大于林地等生產(chǎn)性土地的碳吸收能力。因此,柳州市要實現(xiàn)碳減排,不僅要增加具有碳匯功能土地的面積,更主要的是要降低建設用地的碳排放量。(2)2003-2012年柳州市的碳排放強度總體上呈下降趨勢,年平均降低5.64%。國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值年平均增長42.62%,遠遠大于碳排放強度的下降率。同時,2003-2012年柳州市的人均碳足跡和碳生態(tài)赤字都在逐年增長,其生態(tài)承載力受到巨大的土地利用碳排放壓力。未來柳州市不僅要控制碳排放總量,同時要降低碳排放強度,提高柳州市的碳生態(tài)承載力。(3)不同土地利用類型與碳排放的關聯(lián)度不一樣,建設用地與碳排放的關聯(lián)系數(shù)最大,其次是林地。因此可通過調(diào)整土地利用結構達到碳減排的目的。(4)通過土地利用結構的優(yōu)化,可以減少土地利用碳排放29.89萬噸,減少土地利用經(jīng)濟效益3.25億元,增加土地利用生態(tài)效益22.12億元,基本滿足了柳州市2020年經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、糧食安全與生態(tài)保護的要求。(5)從碳源和碳匯兩方面提出降低土地利用碳排放,推進低碳土地利用的配套措施。
[Abstract]:Global warming has become a global concern. The key to this problem is the increasing emissions of carbon dioxide. The carbon cycle of terrestrial ecosystems has become a major area of academic research around the world. Previous studies have shown that. Because the change in land types from one way to the other is the second most important cause of global warming, after the burning of fossil energy, because the effects of various types of land on carbon emissions are different, From this, we can study the different effects of different land types on carbon emissions, so that we can further explore the impact of land-use change on carbon emissions, and on this basis, to reduce carbon emissions targets, It is of great theoretical and practical significance to adjust the structure of land use and make rational use of land resources. Based on the research of relevant scholars at home and abroad, this paper takes Liuzhou City, a heavy industrial city of Guangxi, as an example. According to the land change data, energy consumption data and related social and economic data from 2003 to 2012 in Liuzhou City, a mathematical model for calculating the carbon emissions of land use is constructed to analyze the relationship between land composition and carbon emissions in Liuzhou City from 2003 to 2012. The effects of land use carbon emissions in Liuzhou during the past 10 years are discussed from the perspectives of carbon emission, carbon intensity, carbon footprint and carbon ecological compensation. Subsequently, the relationship between land composition and carbon emissions is measured by using the grey system theory correlation measurement model. This paper studies the effective measures to reduce land use carbon emissions through the difference of correlation between them. Then, a linear programming mathematical model with multiple objectives is built, which is guided by carbon emission reduction and combines the economic and ecological benefits of land use. To adjust the composition of land use in Liuzhou City, This paper discusses the suggestions and measures of land use in line with the low-carbon development of Liuzhou. The results of this study are as follows: (1) the total amount of land use carbon emissions in Liuzhou City has shown a tendency of rapid growth first and then slow increase. 2009 as the demarcation point. Construction land is the main carbon source, forest land is the main carbon sink, garden land, grassland, The carbon sink function of water area and other unused land is weak. The carbon emission capacity of construction land is much larger than that of productive land such as forest land. Therefore, in order to achieve carbon emission reduction in Liuzhou City, it is necessary not only to increase the area of land with carbon sink function, More importantly, it is necessary to reduce the carbon emissions from construction land. The intensity of carbon emissions from 2003 to 2012 in Liuzhou City generally shows a downward trend. The average annual GDP growth rate is 42.62%, which is far greater than the decrease rate of carbon emission intensity. At the same time, the per capita carbon footprint and carbon ecological deficit of Liuzhou City from 2003 to 2012 are increasing year by year. In the future, Liuzhou will not only control the total amount of carbon emissions, but also reduce the intensity of carbon emissions. The correlation degree between different land use types and carbon emissions is different, and the correlation coefficient between construction land and carbon emissions is the largest. The second is woodland. Therefore, by adjusting the structure of land use to achieve the aim of reducing carbon emissions, the land use structure can be optimized to reduce carbon emissions of land use by 298,900 tons, and the economic benefits of land use can be reduced by 325 million yuan. The increase of land use ecological benefit of two billion two hundred and twelve million yuan basically met the requirements of economic development, food security and ecological protection of Liuzhou City in 2020. The measures to reduce the carbon emissions of land use and to promote low carbon land use were put forward from the two aspects of carbon source and carbon sink.
【學位授予單位】：華中農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F301.2

【引證文獻】

相關會議論文 前1條

1 揣小偉;黃賢金;鄭澤慶;王婉晶;;基于陸地生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳儲量的江蘇省土地利用結構優(yōu)化[A];中國農(nóng)業(yè)工程學會2011年學術年會論文集[C];2011年

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本文編號：1558165