本文關(guān)鍵詞： 易地搬遷 精準(zhǔn)脫貧 救濟(jì)陷阱 補(bǔ)貼　出處：《農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)》2017年10期 　論文類(lèi)型：期刊論文

【摘要】：易地扶貧搬遷作為精準(zhǔn)扶貧戰(zhàn)略工程之一,取得了重要成效。但由于基層政策執(zhí)行偏差,部分地區(qū)有扶貧搬遷農(nóng)戶(hù)陷入"安置依賴(lài)"、"救濟(jì)陷阱",或出現(xiàn)"搬而難富"問(wèn)題。基于對(duì)易地搬遷地區(qū)村戶(hù)的隨機(jī)調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行實(shí)證考察,發(fā)現(xiàn)相對(duì)貧困程度、貧困異質(zhì)性及家庭特征影響到村戶(hù)搬遷意愿、搬遷脫貧內(nèi)生動(dòng)力及其成效,制約搬遷的扶貧精準(zhǔn)性與有效性。搬遷對(duì)外出務(wù)工村戶(hù)的生計(jì)影響有限,對(duì)本地生產(chǎn)的貧困村戶(hù)有幫扶效應(yīng)。獲得補(bǔ)貼不等于持久脫貧,單一的安置補(bǔ)貼降低了扶貧精準(zhǔn)度并容易滋生救濟(jì)依賴(lài)。因此,要改變"包攬"、"一刀切"、"唯補(bǔ)貼"的幫扶方式,扭轉(zhuǎn)"安置結(jié)果至上"的政績(jī)導(dǎo)向,設(shè)定補(bǔ)貼"彈性區(qū)間",規(guī)避"救濟(jì)陷阱"。搬遷政策重心要由"搬遷"轉(zhuǎn)向"脫貧",注重生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)條件與就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)創(chuàng)造,推動(dòng)搬遷農(nóng)戶(hù)轉(zhuǎn)型為有發(fā)展能力的職業(yè)農(nóng)民或新市民。
[Abstract]:As one of the strategic projects of precision poverty alleviation, the relocation of poverty alleviation in different areas has achieved important results. However, because of the deviation in the implementation of grass-roots policies, Some areas have poverty alleviation and relocation farmers falling into "resettlement dependence", "relief trap", or "moving but not rich" problem. Based on the random survey data of rural households in relocation areas, it is found that the relative poverty level is relatively poor. Poverty heterogeneity and family characteristics affect the willingness of rural households to move, the endogenous motive force and its effectiveness of moving out of poverty, and restrict the accuracy and effectiveness of poverty alleviation. The relocation has a limited impact on the livelihood of migrant workers. There is a helping effect on poor village households produced locally. Getting subsidies does not mean getting out of poverty permanently. A single resettlement subsidy reduces the accuracy of poverty alleviation and tends to breed relief dependence. Therefore, we should change the way of helping people in the "all-around", "one-size-fits-all" and "subsidy only" mode. It is necessary to reverse the performance orientation of "resettlement results first", set up a "flexible interval" for subsidies, and avoid the "relief trap." the focus of the relocation policy should be shifted from "relocation" to "poverty relief", and should pay attention to the conditions of production and operation and the creation of employment opportunities. Promote the relocation of farmers to transform into the development of professional farmers or new citizens.
【作者單位】： 四川大學(xué)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)院;四川大學(xué)吳玉章學(xué)院;
【基金】：國(guó)家社會(huì)科學(xué)基金青年項(xiàng)目“精準(zhǔn)扶貧的瞄準(zhǔn)機(jī)制與施策效率”(編號(hào):15CJL057)的階段性研究成果
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D632.4;F323.8
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本文編號(hào)：1494225