本文關(guān)鍵詞： 生豬產(chǎn)品 國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力 波特競(jìng)爭(zhēng)理論　出處：《山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),我國(guó)的很多產(chǎn)業(yè)都得到了快速發(fā)展。生豬產(chǎn)業(yè)作為畜牧業(yè)中的支柱產(chǎn)業(yè),無(wú)論是在國(guó)際還是國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)上都占據(jù)了一定的地位。我國(guó)是世界上豬肉生產(chǎn)和消費(fèi)的第一大國(guó),2014年,我國(guó)年末生豬存欄量為4.66億頭,而排名第二的美國(guó)年末生豬存欄量?jī)H為0.621億頭。我國(guó)生豬產(chǎn)品在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上具有一定的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,但與丹麥、加拿大等養(yǎng)豬強(qiáng)國(guó)比還存在一定的差距。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化和貿(mào)易自由化的不斷推進(jìn),我國(guó)生豬產(chǎn)品所面臨國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)必然愈加激烈。在這種宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)背景下,對(duì)我國(guó)生豬產(chǎn)品國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力進(jìn)行研究,提出提升我國(guó)生豬產(chǎn)品國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的對(duì)策,有著極其重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)指導(dǎo)意義。首先,本文研究分析了近幾年我國(guó)生豬產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)及對(duì)外貿(mào)易情況。研究結(jié)果表明,我國(guó)是世界上生豬產(chǎn)品的第一生產(chǎn)大國(guó),年末生豬存欄量占世界總存欄量的份額接近50%,但是我國(guó)生豬產(chǎn)品出口占世界生豬產(chǎn)品出口的份額卻很低。出口數(shù)額較大的三種生豬產(chǎn)品是活豬、鮮冷凍豬肉、制作或保藏的豬肉罐頭,生豬產(chǎn)品出口市場(chǎng)高度集中。其次,運(yùn)用測(cè)定國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)對(duì)我國(guó)生豬產(chǎn)品的國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力進(jìn)行了衡量。研究結(jié)果表明,我國(guó)生豬產(chǎn)品國(guó)際市場(chǎng)占有率總體上呈現(xiàn)下降的趨勢(shì),活豬雖然有著極強(qiáng)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì),但與丹麥和加拿大比,還存有一定的差距,而鮮冷凍豬肉從2011年起失去出口競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)。最后,在波特競(jìng)爭(zhēng)理論的基礎(chǔ)上,對(duì)影響我國(guó)生豬產(chǎn)品國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的因素進(jìn)行了研究。研究結(jié)果表明,由于成本的不斷增加,生豬產(chǎn)品價(jià)格持續(xù)走高,導(dǎo)致我國(guó)生豬產(chǎn)品在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上失去了價(jià)格優(yōu)勢(shì),國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力低下。此外,我國(guó)生豬產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量還存在一定的問(wèn)題,制約了生豬產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展。從生豬產(chǎn)業(yè)國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力的間接影響因素角度出發(fā),我國(guó)生豬的種類(lèi)繁多,地方特種豬養(yǎng)殖業(yè)發(fā)展良好,我國(guó)居民對(duì)豬肉的消費(fèi)一直處于上升趨勢(shì),這為提升我國(guó)生豬產(chǎn)品的國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力提供了良好基礎(chǔ)。但是我國(guó)從事生豬養(yǎng)殖行業(yè)的人員缺少專(zhuān)業(yè)的指導(dǎo),養(yǎng)殖不規(guī)范,技術(shù)推廣機(jī)構(gòu)等覆蓋的范圍不夠,指導(dǎo)作用有一定的局限性,金融機(jī)構(gòu)對(duì)于生豬養(yǎng)殖行業(yè)所提供的的融資渠道等也有一定的門(mén)檻,使得生豬養(yǎng)殖行業(yè)在資金的獲取方面缺少相應(yīng)的扶持,相關(guān)支持性產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展不健全。這些問(wèn)題的存在使得我國(guó)生豬產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展受限,無(wú)法在國(guó)際市場(chǎng)上提升競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,針對(duì)這些問(wèn)題提出相應(yīng)的對(duì)策建議。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, many industries in China have been rapidly developed. Pig industry as a pillar industry in animal husbandry. Our country is the largest country of pork production and consumption in the world, in 2014, the number of pigs in China at the end of the year is 466 million pigs. At the end of the year, the number of live pigs in the United States was only 62.1 million. China's pig products are competitive in the international market, but they are competitive with Denmark. With the development of economic integration and trade liberalization, the international competition of pig products in China will become more and more fierce. To study the international competitiveness of live pig products in China and put forward countermeasures to enhance the international competitiveness of live pig products in China has an extremely important practical significance. First of all. In this paper, the production and foreign trade of live pig products in China have been studied and analyzed in recent years. The results show that China is the largest producer of live pig products in the world. At the end of the year, the share of live pig stock in the world was close to 50 percent, but the export of live pig products in our country accounted for a very low share of the world live pig exports. The three kinds of live pig products with a large export amount were live pigs. Fresh frozen pork, made or preserved canned pork, pig products export market is highly concentrated. Second. The international competitiveness of live pig products in China was measured by using the indexes of international competitiveness. The results showed that the international market share of pig products in our country was on the whole declining. Live pigs have a strong competitive advantage, but compared with Denmark and Canada, there is still a certain gap, and fresh frozen pork has lost its export competitive advantage since 2011. Finally, on the basis of Porter's competition theory. The factors affecting the international competitiveness of live pig products in China were studied. The results showed that the price of live pig products continued to rise because of the increasing cost. As a result, China's live pig products in the international market has lost its price advantage, the international competitiveness is low. In addition, there are still some problems in the quality of Chinese live pig products. From the point of view of the indirect influence factors of the international competitiveness of the pig industry, there are many kinds of live pigs in China, and the local special pig breeding industry is developing well. The consumption of pork in China has been on the rise, which provides a good basis for improving the international competitiveness of pig products in China. However, there is a lack of professional guidance for people engaged in pig breeding in China. Breeding is not standardized, the scope of technical extension agencies is not enough, the role of guidance has certain limitations, financial institutions for pig breeding industry to provide financing channels and so on have a certain threshold. It makes the hog breeding industry lack of corresponding support in obtaining funds and the development of related supporting industries is not perfect. These problems make the development of pig industry in China limited. Unable to improve competitiveness in the international market, this paper puts forward corresponding countermeasures to these problems.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F323.7

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