本文關(guān)鍵詞：新疆少數(shù)民族地區(qū)金融扶貧績效研究　出處：《石河子大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 金融扶貧績效 評價 影響因素 新疆少數(shù)民族地區(qū)

【摘要】：“十二五”期間,新疆少數(shù)民族地區(qū)扶貧開發(fā)工作取得了卓越成就,貧困發(fā)生率從30%降到了15.8%。但新疆仍是我國貧困發(fā)生率較高省區(qū)之一,當(dāng)前處于全面建成小康社會的倒計時階段,解決貧困問題是當(dāng)前工作的重中之重。因此,新疆少數(shù)民族地區(qū)需要采取超常規(guī)的措施進行精準(zhǔn)扶貧,金融扶貧作為扶貧開發(fā)事業(yè)的重要組成部分,主要通過向貧困人口和扶貧開發(fā)項目提供資金支持,促使貧困人口脫貧致富和經(jīng)濟的可持續(xù)發(fā)展,從而實現(xiàn)精準(zhǔn)脫貧目標(biāo)。本文首先闡述了新疆少數(shù)民族地區(qū)金融扶貧績效的研究背景及意義,并對國內(nèi)外金融扶貧績效問題的相關(guān)研究進行了梳理,確立了研究思路和研究內(nèi)容。在此基礎(chǔ)上對金融扶貧績效等相關(guān)概念和理論進行了介紹,為后續(xù)研究提供理論支撐。其次是新疆少數(shù)民族地區(qū)金融扶貧的現(xiàn)狀評析。在對新疆少數(shù)民族地區(qū)金融扶貧的總體情況分析的基礎(chǔ)上,從宏觀和微觀兩個層面對新疆少數(shù)民族地區(qū)金融扶貧的實踐情況進行考察,發(fā)現(xiàn)正規(guī)金融機構(gòu)通過不同方式、不同層面積極參與扶貧開發(fā);非正規(guī)金融有效的緩解了貧困地區(qū)資金短缺問題;但新疆少數(shù)民族地區(qū)金融扶貧工作仍存在小額信貸額度低等問題。再次是新疆少數(shù)民族地區(qū)金融扶貧績效評價。在確定金融扶貧績效評價的基本內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上,分別采用超效率DEA模型和CSI評價法對新疆少數(shù)民族地區(qū)的金融扶貧宏觀和微觀績效進行測算,由測算結(jié)果可知2001-2014年的金融扶貧宏觀績效呈波動增長趨勢,且金融扶貧宏觀績效均值表現(xiàn)為有效的,縣域金融扶貧宏觀績效水平存在差異;金融扶貧微觀分項績效水平從高到低的順序為基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、經(jīng)濟水平、貧困戶脫貧致富、就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)、特色產(chǎn)業(yè)、生態(tài)保護;金融扶貧微觀綜合績效值為3.15,等級為“良”,無法為新疆少數(shù)民族地區(qū)的扶貧開發(fā)提供強有力的金融支撐。然后是新疆少數(shù)民族地區(qū)金融扶貧績效的影響因素分析。通過構(gòu)建Tobit模型對金融扶貧宏觀績效的影響因素進行分析發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)全樣本下,財政支出能夠顯著的提升金融扶貧宏觀績效,城鄉(xiāng)收入差距對金融扶貧宏觀績效的提升有顯著負向影響,金融深化和金融中介效率2個因素對金融扶貧宏觀績效的提升作用不顯著;(2)分時間段來看,城鄉(xiāng)收入差距在不同時間階段都會阻礙金融扶貧宏觀績效的提升,金融中介效率在不同時間階段對金融扶貧宏觀績效的作用都不顯著,而金融深化、財政支出2個指標(biāo)在不同時間階段對金融扶貧宏觀績效的影響不同;(3)分層次來看,在有效組中,金融深化、金融中介效率、財政支出3個因素對金融扶貧宏觀績效有顯著的提升作用,而在無效組中3個因素對金融扶貧宏觀績效的提升效果均不顯著。而城鄉(xiāng)收入差距對于有效組和無效組均為制約因素。通過構(gòu)建有序多分類Logistic模型對金融扶貧微觀績效的影響因素進行回歸分析發(fā)現(xiàn):(1)女性戶主、個人金融素養(yǎng)越高、個人信用程度越好、民間金融的發(fā)展、金融扶貧項目的宣傳越深入、金融產(chǎn)品創(chuàng)新程度越高、正規(guī)金融機構(gòu)的貸款額度越高、期限越長、農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)化水平高的村莊、民主程度高的村干部以及大學(xué)生村官的存在對金融扶貧微觀績效的提升有顯著作用;(2)少數(shù)民族戶主、客戶距網(wǎng)點距離越遠、正規(guī)金融機構(gòu)的貸款利率越高、貧困瞄準(zhǔn)偏誤越高的村莊對金融扶貧微觀績效的提升有負向影響;(3)新型金融機構(gòu)的覆蓋情況、農(nóng)村保險的普及情況、正規(guī)金融機構(gòu)的貸款手續(xù)的復(fù)雜程度、貧困村、產(chǎn)業(yè)扶貧項目的覆蓋情況、村干部的受教育程度均對金融扶貧微觀績效提升的影響不顯著。最后為結(jié)論與政策建議。在對研究結(jié)論總結(jié)概括的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合新疆少數(shù)民族地區(qū)自身特點,提出要精準(zhǔn)對接扶貧開發(fā)多元化融資需求,充分發(fā)揮各類金融機構(gòu)減貧優(yōu)勢,加快貧困地區(qū)金融服務(wù)環(huán)境建設(shè),加大貧困地區(qū)金融創(chuàng)新力度,充分發(fā)揮財政撬動金融資源作用,加強新疆信用體系建設(shè),大力提升村干部綜合能力,從而實現(xiàn)有效提升新疆少數(shù)民族地區(qū)金融扶貧績效。
[Abstract]:"12th Five-Year" during the work of poverty alleviation in minority areas of Xinjiang has made outstanding achievements, the poverty rate fell from 30% to 15.8%. in China, but Xinjiang is still a high incidence of poverty in one of the provinces, the full completion of the countdown stage of a well-off society, to solve the poverty problem is the priority among priorities of the current work. Therefore, Xinjiang minority areas need to take extraordinary measures for accurate poverty, poverty alleviation of poverty alleviation and development as an important part of the cause, mainly by providing financial support to poverty and poverty alleviation projects, promote the sustainable development of poverty alleviation of poverty population and economy, so as to achieve precise targets. This paper first describes the research background and significance of Xinjiang the financial performance of poverty alleviation in minority areas, relevant research on domestic and international financial poverty alleviation performance problems are summarized, and established research Ideas and research content. Based on the related concepts of the financial performance of poverty alleviation and theories were introduced, to provide theoretical support for subsequent research. Secondly is the analysis on the present situation of financial poverty alleviation in Xinjiang minority area. Based on the overall situation of financial poverty alleviation in Xinjiang minority area on investigation practice of financial poverty alleviation in Xinjiang the minority area from two aspects of macroscopic and microcosmic, found the formal financial institutions through different ways, different levels of active participation in poverty alleviation and development; informal finance to effectively alleviate the shortage of funds in poor areas; but the financial poverty alleviation work in ethnic minority area of Xinjiang is still a problem of small credit evaluation of financial poverty alleviation again is low. The performance of Xinjiang minority areas. Based on determining the basic content of the financial poverty alleviation performance evaluation, using super efficiency DEA model and CS Measurement of Xinjiang minority areas of financial poverty alleviation of macro and micro I performance evaluation method, by measuring the results of the 2001-2014 financial poverty alleviation macroeconomic performance fluctuating growth trend, and the average performance of macro financial poverty is the effective, county financial macro performance differences in the level of poverty; poverty alleviation micro financial performance level from high to sub the low order of infrastructure, economic level, poor households out of poverty, employment and entrepreneurship, industry characteristics, ecological protection; financial poverty alleviation micro comprehensive performance value of 3.15 grade, "good", to provide strong financial support for poverty alleviation and development in Xinjiang minority regions. Then is the analysis of the factors affecting the minority areas of Xinjiang finance the poor performance of the Tobit model. Through the construction of financial poverty alleviation effect on the macroeconomic performance of factor analysis showed that: (1) the full sample, the fiscal expenditure can significantly With the improvement of financial poverty alleviation and macroeconomic performance, income gap between urban and rural areas of financial poverty alleviation and the macroeconomic performance has a significant negative impact, the role of financial deepening and financial intermediation efficiency of 2 factors on the macro financial poverty alleviation performance is not significant; (2) the time period, the income gap between urban and rural poverty alleviation will hinder the financial macroeconomic performance in different time stage to enhance the efficiency of financial intermediation, in different period of financial poverty alleviation and macroeconomic performance effects are not significant, and the financial deepening, fiscal expenditure of 2 different indicators in the different periods of impact on the macroeconomic performance of financial poverty; (3) levels, financial deepening in effective group, and the efficiency of financial intermediation fiscal expenditure 3 factors significantly enhance the role of the financial macro performance and effect on poverty alleviation, poverty alleviation and financial macro performance promotion in the ineffective group 3 factors were not significant. But the urban-rural income difference From the effective group and ineffective group as constraints. By constructing the ordinal Logistic regression model analysis showed that the influence factors of financial poverty alleviation micro performance is: (1) female headed, personal financial literacy is higher, the better the degree of personal credit, the development of non-governmental finance, financial poverty alleviation project publicity more in-depth, more the high degree of financial product innovation, formal financial institutions, the loan amount is higher, the longer the period, the level of agricultural industrialization high village, the high degree of democracy of village cadres and college-graduate village official on the financial poverty alleviation micro performance significantly; (2) minority households, more customers away from network distance, normal the financial institutions lending rates higher, the higher the bias of poverty at the village has a negative impact on the financial poverty alleviation micro performance; (3) coverage of new financial institutions, the popularization of rural insurance, The complex degree of formal financial institutions loan formalities poverty village, covering industrial poverty alleviation projects, education level of village cadres are the impact of financial poverty alleviation micro performance improvement is not significant. The last part is the conclusion and policy recommendations. In summary based on the conclusion of the study, combined with the minority areas of Xinjiang's own characteristics, put forward to be precise docking of poverty alleviation and development of diversified financing needs, give full play to all kinds of financial institutions to accelerate poverty reduction, financial service environment construction in poor areas, poor areas to increase financial innovation, giving full play to the role of pry of financial resources, strengthen the construction of credit system in Xinjiang, to improve the comprehensive ability of the village cadres, so as to effectively enhance the minority areas of Xinjiang finance the poor performance.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：石河子大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F323.8;F832.4

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